Triterpenoids with hiv maturation inhibitory activity

ABSTRACT

Compounds having drug and bio-affecting properties, their pharmaceutical compositions and methods of use are set forth. In particular, triterpenoids that possess unique antiviral activity are provided as HIV maturation inhibitors, as represented by compounds of Formula I: 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     with X selected from C 4-8  cycloalkyl, C 4-8  cycloalkenyl, C 4-9  spirocycloalkyl, C 4-9  spirocycloalkenyl, C 4-8  oxacycloalkyl, C 4-8  dioxacycloalkyl, C 6-8  oxacycloalkenyl, C 6-8  dioxacycloalkenyl, C 6  cyclodialkenyl, C 6  oxacyclodialkenyl, C 6-9  oxaspirocycloalkyl and C 6-9  oxaspirocycloalkenyl ring, such that X is substituted with A, wherein A is —C 1-6  alkyl-halo. These compounds are useful for the treatment of HIV and AIDS.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 14/682,179,filed 9 Apr. 2015, pending, which claims the benefit of U.S. ProvisionalApplication Ser. No. 61/978,306 filed 11 Apr. 2014, which are herebyincorporated by reference in their entireties.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to novel compounds useful against HIV and,more particularly, to compounds derived from betulinic acid and otherstructurally-related compounds which are useful as HIV maturationinhibitors, and to pharmaceutical compositions containing same, as wellas to methods for their preparation.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

HIV-1 (human immunodeficiency virus-1) infection remains a major medicalproblem, with an estimated 45-50 million people infected worldwide atthe end of 2010. The number of cases of HIV and AIDS (acquiredimmunodeficiency syndrome) has risen rapidly. In 2005, approximately 5.0million new infections were reported, and 3.1 million people died fromAIDS. Currently available drugs for the treatment of HIV includenucleoside reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors or approved single pillcombinations: zidovudine (or AZT or RETROVIR®), didanosine (or VIDEX®),stavudine (or ZERIT®), lamivudine (or 3TC or EPIVIR®), zalcitabine (orDDC or HIVID®), abacavir succinate (or ZIAGEN®), Tenofovir disoproxilfumarate salt (or VIREAD®), emtricitabine (or FTC-EMTRIVA®), COMBIVIR®(contains −3TC plus AZT), TRIZIVIR® (contains abacavir, lamivudine, andzidovudine), EPZICOM® (contains abacavir and lamivudine), TRUVADA®(contains VIREAD® and EMTRIVA®); non-nucleoside reverse transcriptaseinhibitors: nevirapine (or VIRAMUNE®), delavirdine (or RESCRIPTOR®) andefavirenz (or SUSTIVA®), ATRIPLA® (TRUVADA®+SUSTIVA®), and etravirine,and peptidomimetic protease inhibitors or approved formulations:saquinavir, indinavir, ritonavir, nelfinavir, amprenavir, lopinavir,KALETRA®(lopinavir and Ritonavir), darunavir, atazanavir (REYATAZ®) andtipranavir (APTIVUS®) and cobicistat, and integrase inhibitors such asraltegravir (ISENTRESS®), and entry inhibitors such as enfuvirtide(T-20) (FUZEON®) and maraviroc (SELZENTRY®).

Each of these drugs can only transiently restrain viral replication ifused alone. However, when used in combination, these drugs have aprofound effect on viremia and disease progression. In fact, significantreductions in death rates among AIDS patients have been recentlydocumented as a consequence of the widespread application of combinationtherapy. However, despite these impressive results, 30 to 50% ofpatients may ultimately fail combination drug therapies. Insufficientdrug potency, non-compliance, restricted tissue penetration anddrug-specific limitations within certain cell types (e.g. mostnucleoside analogs cannot be phosphorylated in resting cells) mayaccount for the incomplete suppression of sensitive viruses.Furthermore, the high replication rate and rapid turnover of HIV-1combined with the frequent incorporation of mutations, leads to theappearance of drug-resistant variants and treatment failures whensub-optimal drug concentrations are present. Therefore, novel anti-HIVagents exhibiting distinct resistance patterns, and favorablepharmacokinetic as well as safety profiles are needed to provide moretreatment options. Improved HIV fusion inhibitors and HIV entrycoreceptor antagonists are two examples of new classes of anti-HIVagents further being studied by a number of investigators.

HIV attachment inhibitors are a further subclass of antiviral compoundsthat bind to the HIV surface glycoprotein gp120, and interfere with theinteraction between the surface protein gp120 and the host cell receptorCD4. Thus, they prevent HIV from attaching to the human CD4 T-cell, andblock HIV replication in the first stage of the HIV life cycle. Theproperties of HIV attachment inhibitors have been improved in an effortto obtain compounds with maximized utility and efficacy as antiviralagents. In particular, U.S. Pat. No. 7,354,924 and U.S. Pat. No.7,745,625 are illustrative of HIV attachment inhibitors.

Another emerging class of compounds for the treatment of HIV are calledHIV maturation inhibitors. Maturation is the last of as many as 10 ormore steps in HIV replication or the HIV life cycle, in which HIVbecomes infectious as a consequence of several HIV protease-mediatedcleavage events in the gag protein that ultimately results in release ofthe capsid (CA) protein. Maturation inhibitors prevent the HIV capsidfrom properly assembling and maturing, from forming a protective outercoat, or from emerging from human cells. Instead, non-infectious virusesare produced, preventing subsequent cycles of HIV infection.

Certain derivatives of betulinic acid have now been shown to exhibitpotent anti-HIV activity as HIV maturation inhibitors. For example, U.S.Pat. No. 7,365,221 discloses monoacylated betulin and dihydrobetulinederivatives, and their use as anti-HIV agents. As discussed in the '221reference, esterification of betulinic acid (1) with certain substitutedacyl groups, such as 3′,3′-dimethylglutaryl and 3′,3′-dimethylsuccinylgroups produced derivatives having enhanced activity (Kashiwada, Y., etal., J. Med. Chem. 39:1016-1017 (1996)). Acylated betulinic acid anddihydrobetulinic acid derivatives that are potent anti-HIV agents arealso described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,679,828. Esterification of thehydroxyl in the 3 carbon of betulin with succinic acid also produced acompound capable of inhibiting HIV-1 activity (Pokrovskii, A. G., etal., “Synthesis of derivatives of plant triterpenes and study of theirantiviral and immunostimulating activity,” Khimiya y InteresakhUstoichivogo Razvitiya, Vol. 9, No. 3, pp. 485-491 (2001) (Englishabstract).

Other references to the use of treating HIV infection with compoundsderived from betulinic acid include US 2005/0239748 and US 2008/0207573,as well as WO2006/053255, WO2009/100532 and WO2011/007230.

One HIV maturation compound that has been in development has beenidentified as Bevirimat or PA-457, with the chemical formula of C₃₆H₅₆O₆and the IUPAC name of 33-(3-carboxy-3-methyl-butanoyloxy)lup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid.

Reference is also made herein to the applications by Bristol-MyersSquibb entitled “MODIFIED C-3 BETULINIC ACID DERIVATIVES AS HIVMATURATION INHIBITORS” U.S. Ser. No. 13/151,706 filed on Jun. 2, 2011(now U.S. Pat. No. 8,754,068) and “C-28 AMIDES OF MODIFIED C-3 BETULINICACID DERIVATIVES AS HIV MATURATION INHIBITORS” U.S. Ser. No. 13/151,722,filed on Jun. 2, 2011 (now U.S. Pat. No. 8,802,661). Reference is alsomade to the application entitled “C-28 AMINES OF C-3 MODIFIED BETULINICACID DERIVATIVES AS HIV MATURATION INHIBITORS” U.S. Ser. No. 13/359,680,filed on Jan. 27, 2012 (now U.S. Pat. No. 8,748,415). In addition,reference is made to the application entitled “C-17 AND C-3 MODIFIEDTRITERPENOIDS WITH HIV MATURATION INHIBITORY ACTIVITY” U.S. Ser. No.13/359,727 filed on Jan. 27, 2012 (now U.S. Pat. No. 8,846,647). Furtherreference is also made to the application “C-3 CYCLOALKENYLTRITERPENOIDS WITH HIV MATURATION INHIBITORY ACTIVITY” filed U.S. Ser.No. 13/760,726 on Feb. 6, 2013 (now U.S. Pat. No. 8,906,889).

What is now needed in the art are new compounds which are useful as HIVmaturation inhibitors, as well as new pharmaceutical compositionscontaining these compounds.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides compounds of Formula I below, includingpharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, their pharmaceuticalformulations, and their use in patients suffering from or susceptible toa virus such as HIV. The compounds of Formula I are effective antiviralagents, particularly as inhibitors of HIV. They are useful for thetreatment of HIV and AIDS.

One embodiment of the present invention is directed to a compound ofFormula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof:

wherein R₁ is isopropenyl or isopropyl;X is selected from the group of C₄₋₈ cycloalkyl, C₄₋₈ cycloalkenyl, C₄₋₉spirocycloalkyl, C₄₋₉ spirocycloalkenyl, C₄₋₈ oxacycloalkyl, C₄₋₈dioxacycloalkyl, C₆₋₈ oxacycloalkenyl, C₆₋₈ dioxacycloalkenyl, C₆cyclodialkenyl, C₆ oxacyclodialkenyl, C₆₋₉ oxaspirocycloalkyl and C₆₋₉oxaspirocycloalkenyl ring,wherein X is substituted with A, and wherein A is —C₁₋₆ alkyl-halo;Y is selected from the group of —COOR₂, —C(O)NR₂SO₂R₃, —C(O)NHSO₂NR₂R₂,—NR₂SO₂R₂, —SO₂NR₂R₂, —C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-COOR₂, —C₂₋₆ alkenyl-COOR₂, —C₂₋₆alkynyl-COOR₂, —C₁₋₆ alkyl-COOR₂, -alkylsubstituted C₁₋₆ alkyl,—CF₂—COOR₂, —NHC(O)(CH₂)_(n)—COOR₂, —SO₂NR₂C(O)R₂, -tetrazole, and—CONHOH,wherein n=1-6;R₂ is —H, —C₁₋₆ alkyl, -alkylsubstituted C₁₋₆ alkyl or -arylsubstitutedC₁₋₆ alkyl;W is absent, or is —CH₂ or —CO;R₃ is —H, —C₁₋₆ alkyl or -alkylsubstituted C₁₋₆ alkyl;R₄ is selected from the group of —H, —C₁₋₆ alkyl, —C₁₋₆ alkyl-C₃₋₆cycloalkyl, —C₁₋₆ substituted —C₁₋₆ alkyl, —C₁₋₆ alkyl-Q₁, —C₁₋₆alkyl-C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-Q₁, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl,—COR₆, —SO₂R₇, —SO₂NR₂R₂, and

wherein G is selected from the group of —O—, —SO₂— and —NR₁₂;wherein Q₁ is selected from the group of —C₁₋₆ alkyl, —C₁₋₆ fluoroalkyl,heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, halogen, —CF₃, —OR₂, —COOR₂, —NR₈R₉,—CONR₈R₉ and —SO₂R₇;R₅ is selected from the group of —H, —C₁₋₆ alkyl, —C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl,—C₁₋₆ alkylsubstituted alkyl, —C₁₋₆ alkyl-NR₈R₉, —COR₃, —SO₂R₇ and—SO₂NR₂R₂;with the proviso that R₄ or R₅ cannot be —COR₆ when W is —CO;with the further proviso that only one of R₄ or R₅ can be selected fromthe group of —COR₆, —COCOR₆, —SO₂R₇ and —SO₂NR₂R₂;or when W is absent or is —CH₂, then R₄ and R₅ can be taken togetherwith the adjacent N to form

R₆ is selected from the group of —H, —C₁₋₆ alkyl, —C₁₋₆alkyl-substitutedalkyl, —C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, —C₃₋₆substitutedcycloalkyl-Q₂, —C₁₋₆ alkyl-Q₂, —C₁₋₆alkyl-substitutedalkyl-Q₂, —C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-Q₂, aryl-Q₂, —NR₁₃R₁₄, and—OR₁₅;wherein Q₂ is selected from the group of aryl, heteroaryl, substitutedheteroaryl, —OR₂, —COOR₂, —NR₈R₉, SO₂R₇, —CONHSO₂R₃, and —CONHSO₂NR₂R₂;R₇ is selected from the group of —H, —C₁₋₆ alkyl, —C₁₋₆ substitutedalkyl, —C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, —CF₃, aryl, and heteroaryl;R₈ and R₉ are independently selected from the group of —H, —C₁₋₆ alkyl,—C₁₋₆ substituted alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, substitutedheteroaryl, —C₁₋₆ alkyl-Q₂, and —COOR₃, or R₈ and R₉ are taken togetherwith the adjacent N to form a cycle selected from the group of:

M is selected from the group of —R₁₅, —SO₂R₂, —SO₂NR₂R₂, —OH and—NR₂R₁₂;V is selected from the group of —CR₁₀R₁₁—, —SO₂—, —O— and —NR₁₂—;with the proviso that only one of R₈ or R₉ can be —COOR₃;R₁₀ and R₁₁ are independently selected from the group of —H, —C₁₋₆alkyl, —C₁₋₆ substituted alkyl and —C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl;R₁₂ is selected from the group of —H, —C₁₋₆ alkyl, -alkylsubstitutedC₁₋₆ alkyl, —CONR₂R₂, —SO₂R₃, —SO₂NR₂R₂;R₁₃ and R₁₄ are independently selected from the group of —H, —C₁₋₆alkyl, —C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, —C₁₋₆ substituted alkyl, —C₁₋₆ alkyl-Q₃, —C₁₋₆alkyl-C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-Q₃, C₁₋₆ substituted alkyl-Q₃ and

Q₃ is selected from the group of heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl,—NR₂R₁₂, —CONR₂R₂, —COOR₂, —OR₂, and —SO₂R₃;R₁₅ is selected from the group of —C₁₋₆ alkyl, —C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, —C₁₋₆substituted alkyl, —C₁₋₆ alkyl-Q₃, —C₁₋₆ alkyl-C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-Q₃ and—C₁₋₆ substituted alkyl-Q₃;R₁₆ is selected from the group of —H, —C₁₋₆ alkyl, —NR₂R₂, and —COOR₂;with the proviso that when V is —NR₁₂—; R₁₆ cannot be —NR₂R₂; andR₁₇ is selected from the group of —H, —C₁₋₆ alkyl, —COOR₃, and aryl.

In a further embodiment, there is provided a method for treating mammalsinfected with a virus, especially wherein said virus is HIV, comprisingadministering to said mammal an antiviral effective amount of a compoundwhich is selected from the group of compounds of Formula I, and one ormore pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, excipients or diluents.Optionally, the compound of Formula I can be administered in combinationwith an antiviral effective amount of another AIDS treatment agentselected from the group consisting of: (a) an AIDS antiviral agent; (b)an anti-infective agent; (c) an immunomodulator; and (d) other HIV entryinhibitors.

Another embodiment of the present invention is a pharmaceuticalcomposition comprising one or more compounds of Formula I, and one ormore pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, excipients, and/or diluents;and optionally in combination with another AIDS treatment agent selectedfrom the group consisting of: (a) an AIDS antiviral agent; (b) ananti-infective agent; (c) an immunomodulator; and (d) other HIV entryinhibitors.

In another embodiment of the invention there is provided one or moremethods for making the compounds of Formula I herein.

Also provided herein are intermediate compounds useful in making thecompounds of Formula I herein.

The present invention is directed to these, as well as other importantends, hereinafter described.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

As used herein, the singular forms “a”, “an”, and “the” include pluralreference unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

Since the compounds of the present invention may possess asymmetriccenters and therefore occur as mixtures of diastereomers, the presentdisclosure includes the individual diastereoisomeric forms of thecompounds of Formula I, in addition to the mixtures thereof.

DEFINITIONS

Unless otherwise specifically set forth elsewhere in the application,one or more of the following terms may be used herein, and shall havethe following meanings:

“H” refers to hydrogen, including its isotopes, such as deuterium.

The term “C₁₋₆ alkyl” as used herein and in the claims (unless specifiedotherwise) mean straight or branched chain alkyl groups such as methyl,ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, t-butyl, amyl, hexyl and thelike.

“C₁-C₄ fluoroalkyl” refers to F-substituted C₁-C₄ alkyl wherein at leastone H atom is substituted with F atom, and each H atom can beindependently substituted by F atom;

“Halogen” or “halo” refers to chlorine, bromine, iodine or fluorine.

An “aryl” or “Ar” group refers to an all carbon monocyclic or fused-ringpolycyclic (i.e., rings which share adjacent pairs of carbon atoms)groups having a completely conjugated pi-electron system. Examples,without limitation, of aryl groups are phenyl, naphthalenyl andanthracenyl. The aryl group may be substituted or unsubstituted. Whensubstituted, the substituent group(s) are preferably one or moreselected from alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heteroalicyclic,hydroxy, alkoxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heteroalicycloxy, thiohydroxy,thioaryloxy, thioheteroaryloxy, thioheteroalicycloxy, cyano, halogen,nitro, carbonyl, O-carbamyl, N-carbamyl, C-amido, N-amido, C-carboxy,O-carboxy, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, sulfonamido, trihalomethyl, ureido, aminoand —NR^(x)R^(y), wherein R^(x) and R^(y) are independently selectedfrom the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl,carbonyl, C-carboxy, sulfonyl, trihalomethyl, and, combined, a five- orsix-member heteroalicyclic ring.

As used herein, a “heteroaryl” group refers to a monocyclic or fusedring (i.e., rings which share an adjacent pair of atoms) group having inthe ring(s) one or more atoms selected from the group consisting ofnitrogen, oxygen and sulfur and, in addition, having a completelyconjugated pi-electron system. Unless otherwise indicated, theheteroaryl group may be attached at either a carbon or nitrogen atomwithin the heteroaryl group. It should be noted that the term heteroarylis intended to encompass an N-oxide of the parent heteroaryl if such anN-oxide is chemically feasible as is known in the art. Examples, withoutlimitation, of heteroaryl groups are furyl, thienyl, benzothienyl,thiazolyl, imidazolyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiadiazolyl,benzothiazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, isoxazolyl, isothiazolyl,pyrrolyl, pyranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, pyrazolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl,quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, purinyl, carbazolyl, benzoxazolyl,benzimidazolyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, pyrazinyl, diazinyl, pyrazine,triazinyl, tetrazinyl, and tetrazolyl. When substituted the substitutedgroup(s) is preferably one or more selected from alkyl, cycloalkyl,aryl, heteroaryl, heteroalicyclic, hydroxy, alkoxy, aryloxy,heteroaryloxy, heteroalicycloxy, thioalkoxy, thiohydroxy, thioaryloxy,thioheteroaryloxy, thioheteroalicycloxy, cyano, halogen, nitro,carbonyl, O-carbamyl, N-carbamyl, C-amido, N-amido, C-carboxy,O-carboxy, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, sulfonamido, trihalomethyl, ureido,amino, and —NR^(x)R^(y), wherein R^(x) and R^(y) are as defined above.

As used herein, a “heteroalicyclic” group refers to a monocyclic orfused ring group having in the ring(s) one or more atoms selected fromthe group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur. Rings are selectedfrom those which provide stable arrangements of bonds and are notintended to encompass systems which would not exist. The rings may alsohave one or more double bonds. However, the rings do not have acompletely conjugated pi-electron system. Examples, without limitation,of heteroalicyclic groups are azetidinyl, piperidyl, piperazinyl,imidazolinyl, thiazolidinyl, 3-pyrrolidin-1-yl, morpholinyl,thiomorpholinyl and its S oxides and tetrahydropyranyl. When substitutedthe substituted group(s) is preferably one or more selected from alkyl,cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heteroalicyclic, hydroxy, alkoxy, aryloxy,heteroaryloxy, heteroalicycloxy, thiohydroxy, thioalkoxy, thioaryloxy,thioheteroaryloxy, thioheteroalicycloxy, cyano, halogen, nitro,carbonyl, thiocarbonyl, O-carbamyl, N-carbamyl, O-thiocarbamyl,N-thiocarbamyl, C-amido, C-thioamido, N-amido, C-carboxy, O-carboxy,sulfinyl, sulfonyl, sulfonamido, trihalomethanesulfonamido,trihalomethanesulfonyl, silyl, guanyl, guanidino, ureido, phosphonyl,amino and —NR^(x)R^(y), wherein R^(x) and R^(y) are as defined above.

An “alkyl” group refers to a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon includingstraight chain and branched chain groups. Preferably, the alkyl grouphas 1 to 20 carbon atoms (whenever a numerical range; e.g., “1-20”, isstated herein, it means that the group, in this case the alkyl group maycontain 1 carbon atom, 2 carbon atoms, 3 carbon atoms, etc. up to andincluding 20 carbon atoms). More preferably, it is a medium size alkylhaving 1 to 10 carbon atoms. Most preferably, it is a lower alkyl having1 to 4 carbon atoms. The alkyl group may be substituted orunsubstituted. When substituted, the substituent group(s) is preferablyone or more individually selected from trihaloalkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl,heteroaryl, heteroalicyclic, hydroxy, alkoxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy,heteroalicycloxy, thiohydroxy, thioalkoxy, thioaryloxy,thioheteroaryloxy, thioheteroalicycloxy, cyano, halo, nitro, carbonyl,thiocarbonyl, O-carbamyl, N-carbamyl, O-thiocarbamyl, N-thiocarbamyl,C-amido, C-thioamido, N-amido, C-carboxy, O-carboxy, sulfinyl, sulfonyl,sulfonamido, trihalomethanesulfonamido, trihalomethanesulfonyl, andcombined, a five- or six-member heteroalicyclic ring.

A “cycloalkyl” group refers to an all-carbon monocyclic or fused ring(i.e., rings which share and adjacent pair of carbon atoms) groupwherein one or more rings does not have a completely conjugatedpi-electron system. Examples, without limitation, of cycloalkyl groupsare cyclopropane, cyclobutane, cyclopentane, cyclopentene, cyclohexane,cyclohexene, cycloheptane, cycloheptene and adamantane. A cycloalkylgroup may be substituted or unsubstituted. When substituted, thesubstituent group(s) is preferably one or more individually selectedfrom alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heteroalicyclic, hydroxy, alkoxy, aryloxy,heteroaryloxy, heteroalicycloxy, thiohydroxy, thioalkoxy, thioaryloxy,thioheteroaryloxy, thioheteroalicycloxy, cyano, halo, nitro, carbonyl,thiocarbonyl, O-carbamyl, N-carbamyl, O-thiocarbamyl, N-thiocarbamyl,C-amido, C-thioamido, N-amido, C-carboxy, O-carboxy, sulfinyl, sulfonyl,sulfonamido, trihalomethanesulfonamido, trihalomethanesulfonyl, silyl,amidino, guanidino, ureido, phosphonyl, amino and —NR^(X)R^(y) withR^(x) and R^(y) as defined above.

An “alkenyl” group refers to an alkyl group, as defined herein, havingat least two carbon atoms and at least one carbon-carbon double bond.

An “alkynyl” group refers to an alkyl group, as defined herein, havingat least two carbon atoms and at least one carbon-carbon triple bond.

A “hydroxy” group refers to an —OH group.

An “alkoxy” group refers to both an —O-alkyl and an —O-cycloalkyl groupas defined herein.

An “aryloxy” group refers to both an —O-aryl and an —O-heteroaryl group,as defined herein.

A “heteroaryloxy” group refers to a heteroaryl-O— group with heteroarylas defined herein.

A “heteroalicycloxy” group refers to a heteroalicyclic-O— group withheteroalicyclic as defined herein.

A “thiohydroxy” group refers to an —SH group.

A “thioalkoxy” group refers to both an S-alkyl and an —S-cycloalkylgroup, as defined herein.

A “thioaryloxy” group refers to both an —S-aryl and an —S-heteroarylgroup, as defined herein.

A “thioheteroaryloxy” group refers to a heteroaryl-S— group withheteroaryl as defined herein.

A “thioheteroalicycloxy” group refers to a heteroalicyclic-S— group withheteroalicyclic as defined herein.

A “carbonyl” group refers to a —C(═O)—R″ group, where R″ is selectedfrom the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl,cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl (bonded through a ring carbon) andheteroalicyclic (bonded through a ring carbon), as each is definedherein.

An “aldehyde” group refers to a carbonyl group where R″ is hydrogen.

A “thiocarbonyl” group refers to a —C(═S)—R″ group, with R″ as definedherein.

A “keto” group refers to a —CC(═O)C— group wherein the carbon on eitheror both sides of the C═O may be alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or a carbon of aheteroaryl or heteroalicyclic group.

A “trihalomethanecarbonyl” group refers to a Z₃CC(═O)— group with said Zbeing a halogen.

A “C-carboxy” group refers to a —C(═O)O—R″ groups, with R″ as definedherein.

An “O-carboxy” group refers to a R″C(—O)O-group, with R″ as definedherein.

A “carboxylic acid” group refers to a C-carboxy group in which R″ ishydrogen.

A “trihalomethyl” group refers to a —CZ₃, group wherein Z is a halogengroup as defined herein.

A “trihalomethanesulfonyl” group refers to an Z₃CS(═O)₂— groups with Zas defined above.

A “trihalomethanesulfonamido” group refers to a Z₃CS(═O)₂NR^(x)— groupwith Z as defined above and R^(x) being H or (C₁₋₆)alkyl.

A “sulfinyl” group refers to a —S(═O)—R″ group, with R″ being(C₁₋₆)alkyl.

A “sulfonyl” group refers to a —S(═O)₂R″ group with R″ being(C₁₋₆)alkyl.

A “S-sulfonamido” group refers to a —S(═O)₂NR^(X)R^(Y), with R^(X) andR^(Y) independently being H or (C₁₋₆)alkyl.

A “N-sulfonamido” group refers to a R″S(═O)₂NR_(X)— group, with R_(x)being H or (C₁₋₆)alkyl.

A “O-carbamyl” group refers to a —OC(═O)NR^(x)R^(y) group, with R^(X)and R^(Y) independently being H or (C₁₋₆)alkyl.

A “N-carbamyl” group refers to a R^(x)OC(═O)NR^(y) group, with R^(x) andR^(y) independently being H or (C₁₋₆)alkyl.

A “O-thiocarbamyl” group refers to a —OC(═S)NR^(x)R^(y) group, withR^(x) and R^(y) independently being H or (C₁₋₆)alkyl.

A “N-thiocarbamyl” group refers to a R^(x)OC(═S)NR^(y)— group, withR^(x) and R^(y) independently being H or (C₁₋₆)alkyl.

An “amino” group refers to an —NH₂ group.

A “C-amido” group refers to a —C(═O)NR^(x)R^(y) group, with R^(x) andR^(y) independently being H or (C₁₋₆)alkyl.

A “C-thioamido” group refers to a —C(═S)NR^(x)R^(y) group, with R^(x)and R^(y) independently being H or (C₁₋₆)alkyl.

A “N-amido” group refers to a R^(x)C(═O)NR^(y)— group, with R^(x) andR^(y) independently being H or (C₁₋₆)alkyl.

An “ureido” group refers to a —NR^(x)C(═O)NR^(y)R^(y2) group, withR^(x), R^(y), and R^(y2) independently being H or (C₁₋₆)alkyl.

A “guanidino” group refers to a —R^(x)NC(═N)NR^(y)R^(y2) group, withR^(x), R^(y), and R^(y2) independently being H or (C₁₋₆)alkyl.

A “amidino” group refers to a R^(x)R^(y)NC(═N)— group, with R^(x) andR^(y) independently being H or (C₁₋₆)alkyl.

A “cyano” group refers to a —CN group.

A “silyl” group refers to a —Si(R″)₃, with R″ being (C₁₋₆)alkyl orphenyl.

A “phosphonyl” group refers to a P(═O)(OR^(x))₂ with R^(x) being(C₁₋₆)alkyl.

A “hydrazino” group refers to a —NR^(x)NR^(y)R^(y2) group, with R^(x),R^(y), and R^(y2) independently being H or (C₁₋₆)alkyl.

A “4, 5, or 6 membered ring cyclic N-lactam” group refers to

A “spiro” group is a bicyclic organic group with rings connected throughjust one atom. The rings can be different in nature or identical. Theconnecting atom is also called the spiroatom, most often a quaternarycarbon (“spiro carbon”).

An “oxospiro” or “oxaspiro” group is a spiro group having an oxygencontained within the bicyclic ring structure. A “dioxospiro” or“dioxaspiro” group has two oxygens within the bicyclic ring structure.

Any two adjacent R groups may combine to form an additional aryl,cycloalkyl, heteroaryl or heterocyclic ring fused to the ring initiallybearing those R groups.

It is known in the art that nitrogen atoms in heteroaryl systems can be“participating in a heteroaryl ring double bond”, and this refers to theform of double bonds in the two tautomeric structures which comprisefive-member ring heteroaryl groups. This dictates whether nitrogens canbe substituted as well understood by chemists in the art. The disclosureand claims of the present disclosure are based on the known generalprinciples of chemical bonding. It is understood that the claims do notencompass structures known to be unstable or not able to exist based onthe literature.

Pharmaceutically acceptable salts and prodrugs of compounds disclosedherein are within the scope of the invention. The term “pharmaceuticallyacceptable salt” as used herein and in the claims is intended to includenontoxic base addition salts. Suitable salts include those derived fromorganic and inorganic acids such as, without limitation, hydrochloricacid, hydrobromic acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, methanesulfonicacid, acetic acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid, sulfinic acid, citricacid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, sorbic acid, aconitic acid, salicylicacid, phthalic acid, and the like. The term “pharmaceutically acceptablesalt” as used herein is also intended to include salts of acidic groups,such as a carboxylate, with such counterions as ammonium, alkali metalsalts, particularly sodium or potassium, alkaline earth metal salts,particularly calcium or magnesium, and salts with suitable organic basessuch as lower alkylamines (methylamine, ethylamine, cyclohexylamine, andthe like) or with substituted lower alkylamines (e.g.hydroxyl-substituted alkylamines such as diethanolamine, triethanolamineor tris(hydroxymethyl)-aminomethane), or with bases such as piperidineor morpholine.

As stated above, the compounds of the invention also include “prodrugs”.The term “prodrug” as used herein encompasses both the term “prodrugesters” and the term “prodrug ethers”.

As set forth above, the invention is directed to a compound of FormulaI, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof:

wherein R₁ is isopropenyl or isopropyl;X is selected from the group of C₄₋₈ cycloalkyl, C₄₋₈ cycloalkenyl, C₄₋₉spirocycloalkyl, C₄₋₉ spirocycloalkenyl, C₄₋₈ oxacycloalkyl, C₄₋₈dioxacycloalkyl, C₆₋₈ oxacycloalkenyl, C₆₋₈ dioxacycloalkenyl, C₆cyclodialkenyl, C₆ oxacyclodialkenyl, C₆₋₉ oxaspirocycloalkyl and C₆₋₉oxaspirocycloalkenyl ring,wherein X is substituted with A, and wherein A is —C₁₋₆ alkyl-halo;Y is selected from the group of —COOR₂, —C(O)NR₂SO₂R₃, —C(O)NHSO₂NR₂R₂,—NR₂SO₂R₂, —SO₂NR₂R₂, —C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-COOR₂, —C₂₋₆ alkenyl-COOR₂, —C₂₋₆alkynyl-COOR₂, —C₁₋₆ alkyl-COOR₂, -alkylsubstituted C₁₋₆ alkyl,—CF₂—COOR₂, —NHC(O)(CH₂)_(n)—COOR₂, —SO₂NR₂C(O)R₂, -tetrazole, and—CONHOH,wherein n=1-6;R₂ is —H, —C₁₋₆ alkyl, -alkylsubstituted C₁₋₆ alkyl or -arylsubstitutedC₁₋₆ alkyl;W is absent, or is —CH₂ or —CO;R₃ is —H, —C₁₋₆ alkyl or -alkylsubstituted C₁₋₆ alkyl;R₄ is selected from the group of —H, —C₁₋₆ alkyl, —C₁₋₆ alkyl-C₃₋₆cycloalkyl, —C₁₋₆ substituted —C₁₋₆ alkyl, —C₁₋₆ alkyl-Q₁, —C₁₋₆alkyl-C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-Q₁, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl,—COR₆, —SO₂R₇, —SO₂NR₂R₂, and

wherein G is selected from the group of —O—, —SO₂— and —NR₁₂;wherein Q₁ is selected from the group of —C₁₋₆ alkyl, —C₁₋₆ fluoroalkyl,heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, halogen, —CF₃, —OR₂, —COOR₂, —NR₈R₉,—CONR₈R₉ and —SO₂R₇;R₅ is selected from the group of —H, —C₁₋₆ alkyl, —C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl,—C₁₋₆ alkylsubstituted alkyl, —C₁₋₆ alkyl-NR₈R₉, —COR₃, —SO₂R₇ and—SO₂NR₂R₂;with the proviso that R₄ or R₅ cannot be —COR₆ when W is —CO;with the further proviso that only one of R₄ or R₅ can be selected fromthe group of —COR₆, —COCOR₆, —SO₂R₇ and —SO₂NR₂R₂;or when W is absent or is —CH₂, then R₄ and R₅ can be taken togetherwith the adjacent N to form

R₆ is selected from the group of —H, —C₁₋₆ alkyl, —C₁₋₆alkyl-substitutedalkyl, —C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, —C₃₋₆substitutedcycloalkyl-Q₂, —C₁₋₆ alkyl-Q₂, —C₁₋₆alkyl-substitutedalkyl-Q₂, —C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-Q₂, aryl-Q₂, —NR₁₃R₁₄, and—OR₁₅;wherein Q₂ is selected from the group of aryl, heteroaryl, substitutedheteroaryl, —OR₂, —COOR₂, —NR₈R₉, SO₂R₇, —CONHSO₂R₃, and —CONHSO₂NR₂R₂;R₇ is selected from the group of —H, —C₁₋₆ alkyl, —C₁₋₆ substitutedalkyl, —C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, —CF₃, aryl, and heteroaryl;R₈ and R₉ are independently selected from the group of —H, —C₁₋₆ alkyl,—C₁₋₆ substituted alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, substituted aryl, substitutedheteroaryl, —C₁₋₆ alkyl-Q₂, and —COOR₃, or R₈ and R₉ are taken togetherwith the adjacent N to form a cycle selected from the group of:

M is selected from the group of —R₁₆, —SO₂R₂, —SO₂NR₂R₂, —OH and—NR₂R₁₂;V is selected from the group of —CR₁₀R₁₁—, —SO₂—, —O— and —NR₁₂—;with the proviso that only one of R₈ or R₉ can be —COOR₃;R₁₀ and R₁₁ are independently selected from the group of —H, —C₁₋₆alkyl, —C₁₋₆ substituted alkyl and —C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl;R₁₂ is selected from the group of —H, —C₁₋₆ alkyl, -alkylsubstitutedC₁₋₆ alkyl, —CONR₂R₂, —SO₂R₃, —SO₂NR₂R₂;R₁₃ and R₁₄ are independently selected from the group of —H, —C₁₋₆alkyl, —C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, —C₁₋₆ substituted alkyl, —C₁₋₆ alkyl-Q₃, —C₁₋₆alkyl-C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-Q₃, C₁₋₆ substituted alkyl-Q₃ and

Q₃ is selected from the group of heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl,—NR₂R₁₂, —CONR₂R₂, —COOR₂, —OR₂, and —SO₂R₃;R₁₅ is selected from the group of —C₁₋₆ alkyl, —C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, —C₁₋₆substituted alkyl, —C₁₋₆ alkyl-Q₃, —C₁₋₆ alkyl-C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl-Q₃ and—C₁₋₆ substituted alkyl-Q₃;R₁₆ is selected from the group of —H, —C₁₋₆ alkyl, —NR₂R₂, and —COOR₂;with the proviso that when V is —NR₁₂—; R₁₆ cannot be —NR₂R₂; andR₁₇ is selected from the group of —H, —C₁₋₆ alkyl, —COOR₃, and aryl.

More preferred compounds include those wherein R₁ is isopropenyl.

Also preferred are compounds wherein W is absent.

Other preferred compounds include those wherein X is a C₄₋₈cycloalkenyl, and more preferably, C₆ cycloalkenyl.

In addition, compounds of Formula I are preferred wherein A is C₁-C₃alkyl-halo, and more preferably methyl-halo, and more preferablymethyl-fluoro.

Also preferred are compounds wherein A is para-substituted onsubstituent X.

Also preferred are compounds of Formula I wherein Y is —COOR₂, and morepreferably —COOH. In certain embodiments, it is also preferred that Y is—COOH and A is methyl-fluoro.

Also preferred are compounds of Formula I wherein Y is in the paraposition.

Further preferred are compounds of Formula I wherein both substituent Aand substituent Y share the same point of attachment on substituent X;more preferably, on the -para position of substituent X.

In many embodiments, it is also preferred that R₄ is C₁₋₆alkyl-Q₁,wherein Q₁ is —NR₈R₉.

In some embodiments, it is preferred that R₄ is—C₁₋₆alkyl-C₃₋₆cycloalkyl.

In certain embodiments it is also preferred that R₅ is C₁₋₆alkyl-NR₈R₉.

Many times it is also preferred that —NR₈R₉ form the ring structure asset forth above.

Preferred compounds, including pharmaceutically acceptable saltsthereof, as part of the invention include the following:

Preferred compounds, including pharmaceutically acceptable saltsthereof, as part of the invention also include the following:

The compounds above represent the mixture of diastereoisomers, and thetwo individual diastereomers. In certain embodiments, one of thespecific diastereomers may be particularly preferred.

The compounds of the present invention, according to all the variousembodiments described above, may be administered orally, parenterally(including subcutaneous injections, intravenous, intramuscular,intrasternal injection or infusion techniques), by inhalation spray, orrectally, and by other means, in dosage unit formulations containingnon-toxic pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, excipients and diluentsavailable to the skilled artisan. One or more adjuvants may also beincluded.

Thus, in accordance with the present invention, there is furtherprovided a method of treatment, and a pharmaceutical composition, fortreating viral infections such as HIV infection and AIDS. The treatmentinvolves administering to a patient in need of such treatment apharmaceutical composition which contains an antiviral effective amountof one or more of the compounds of Formula I, together with one or morepharmaceutically acceptable carriers, excipients or diluents. As usedherein, the term “antiviral effective amount” means the total amount ofeach active component of the composition and method that is sufficientto show a meaningful patient benefit, i.e., inhibiting, ameliorating, orhealing of acute conditions characterized by inhibition of HIVinfection. When applied to an individual active ingredient, administeredalone, the term refers to that ingredient alone. When applied to acombination, the term refers to combined amounts of the activeingredients that result in the therapeutic effect, whether administeredin combination, serially or simultaneously. The terms “treat, treating,treatment” as used herein and in the claims means preventing,inhibiting, ameliorating and/or healing diseases and conditionsassociated with HIV infection.

The pharmaceutical compositions of the invention may be in the form oforally administrable suspensions or tablets; as well as nasal sprays,sterile injectable preparations, for example, as sterile injectableaqueous or oleaginous suspensions or suppositories. Pharmaceuticallyacceptable carriers, excipients or diluents may be utilized in thepharmaceutical compositions, and are those utilized in the art ofpharmaceutical preparations.

When administered orally as a suspension, these compositions areprepared according to techniques typically known in the art ofpharmaceutical formulation and may contain microcrystalline cellulosefor imparting bulk, alginic acid or sodium alginate as a suspendingagent, methylcellulose as a viscosity enhancer, and sweeteners/flavoringagents known in the art. As immediate release tablets, thesecompositions may contain microcrystalline cellulose, dicalciumphosphate, starch, magnesium stearate and lactose and/or otherexcipients, binders, extenders, disintegrants, diluents, and lubricantsknown in the art.

The injectable solutions or suspensions may be formulated according toknown art, using suitable non-toxic, parenterally acceptable diluents orsolvents, such as mannitol, 1,3-butanediol, water, Ringer's solution orisotonic sodium chloride solution, or suitable dispersing or wetting andsuspending agents, such as sterile, bland, fixed oils, includingsynthetic mono- or diglycerides, and fatty acids, including oleic acid.

The compounds herein set forth can be administered orally to humans in adosage range of about 1 to 100 mg/kg body weight in divided doses,usually over an extended period, such as days, weeks, months, or evenyears. One preferred dosage range is about 1 to 10 mg/kg body weightorally in divided doses. Another preferred dosage range is about 1 to 20mg/kg body weight in divided doses. It will be understood, however, thatthe specific dose level and frequency of dosage for any particularpatient may be varied and will depend upon a variety of factorsincluding the activity of the specific compound employed, the metabolicstability and length of action of that compound, the age, body weight,general health, sex, diet, mode and time of administration, rate ofexcretion, drug combination, the severity of the particular condition,and the host undergoing therapy.

Also contemplated herein are combinations of the compounds of Formula Iherein set forth, together with one or more other agents useful in thetreatment of AIDS. For example, the compounds of this disclosure may beeffectively administered, whether at periods of pre-exposure and/orpost-exposure, in combination with effective amounts of the AIDSantivirals, immunomodulators, antiinfectives, or vaccines, such as thosein the following non-limiting table:

Drug Name Manufacturer Indication ANTIVIRALS 097 Hoechst/Bayer HIVinfection, AIDS, ARC (non-nucleoside reverse trans- criptase (RT)inhibitor) Amprenavir Glaxo Wellcome HIV infection, 141 W94 AIDS, ARC GW141 (protease inhibitor) Abacavir (1592U89) Glaxo Wellcome HIVinfection, GW 1592 AIDS, ARC (RT inhibitor) Acemannan Carrington LabsARC (Irving, TX) Acyclovir Burroughs Wellcome HIV infection, AIDS, ARCAD-439 Tanox Biosystems HIV infection, AIDS, ARC AD-519 Tanox BiosystemsHIV infection, AIDS, ARC Adefovir dipivoxil Gilead Sciences HIVinfection AL-721 Ethigen ARC, PGL (Los Angeles, CA) HIV positive, AIDSAlpha Interferon Glaxo Wellcome Kaposi's sarcoma, HIV in combinationw/Retrovir Ansamycin Adria Laboratories ARC LM 427 (Dublin, OH) Erbamont(Stamford, CT) Antibody which Advanced Biotherapy AIDS, ARC NeutralizespH Concepts Labile alpha aberrant (Rockville, MD) Interferon AR177Aronex Pharm HIV infection, AIDS, ARC Beta-fluoro-ddA Nat'l CancerInstitute AIDS-associated diseases BMS-234475 Bristol-Myers Squibb/ HIVinfection, (CGP-61755) Novartis AIDS, ARC (protease inhibitor) CI-1012Warner-Lambert HIV-1 infection Cidofovir Gilead Science CMV retinitis,herpes, papillomavirus Curdlan sulfate AJI Pharma USA HIV infectionCytomegalovirus MedImmune CMV retinitis Immune globin Cytovene SyntexSight threatening Ganciclovir CMV peripheral CMV retinitis DarunavirTibotec-J & J HIV infection, AIDS, ARC (protease inhibitor) DelaviridinePharmacia-Upjohn HIV infection, AIDS, ARC (RT inhibitor) Dextran SulfateUeno Fine Chem. AIDS, ARC, HIV Ind. Ltd. (Osaka, positive Japan)asymptomatic ddC Hoffman-La Roche HIV infection, Dideoxycytidine AIDS,ARC ddI Bristol-Myers Squibb HIV infection, Dideoxyinosine AIDS, ARC;combination with AZT/d4T DMP-450 AVID HIV infection, (Camden, NJ) AIDS,ARC (protease inhibitor) Efavirenz Bristol Myers Squibb HIV infection,(DMP 266, SUSTIVA ®) AIDS, ARC (-)6-Chloro-4-(S)- (non-nucleoside RTcyclopropylethynyl- inhibitor) 4(S)-trifluoro- methyl-1,4-dihydro- 2H-3,1-benzoxazin- 2-one, STOCRINE EL10 Elan Corp, PLC HIV infection(Gainesville, GA) Etravirine Tibotec/J & J HIV infection, AIDS, ARC(non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor) Famciclovir Smith Klineherpes zoster, herpes simplex GS 840 Gilead HIV infection, AIDS, ARC(reverse transcriptase inhibitor) HBY097 Hoechst Marion HIV infection,Roussel AIDS, ARC (non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor)Hypericin VIMRx Pharm. HIV infection, AIDS, ARC Recombinant Human TritonBiosciences AIDS, Kaposi's Interferon Beta (Almeda, CA) sarcoma, ARCInterferon alfa-n3 Interferon Sciences ARC, AIDS Indinavir Merck HIVinfection, AIDS, ARC, asymptomatic HIV positive, also in combinationwith AZT/ddI/ddC ISIS 2922 ISIS Pharmaceuticals CMV retinitis KNI-272Nat'l Cancer Institute HIV-assoc. diseases Lamivudine, 3TC GlaxoWellcome HIV infection, AIDS, ARC (reverse transcriptase inhibitor);also with AZT Lobucavir Bristol-Myers Squibb CMV infection NelfinavirAgouron HIV infection, Pharmaceuticals AIDS, ARC (protease inhibitor)Nevirapine Boeheringer HIV infection, Ingleheim AIDS, ARC (RT inhibitor)Novapren Novaferon Labs, Inc. HIV inhibitor (Akron, OH) Peptide TPeninsula Labs AIDS Octapeptide (Belmont, CA) Sequence Trisodium AstraPharm. CMV retinitis, HIV Phosphonoformate Products, Inc. infection,other CMV infections PNU-140690 Pharmacia Upjohn HIV infection, AIDS,ARC (protease inhibitor) Probucol Vyrex HIV infection, AIDS RBC-CD4Sheffield Med. HIV infection, Tech (Houston, TX) AIDS, ARC RitonavirAbbott HIV infection, AIDS, ARC (protease inhibitor) SaquinavirHoffmann- HIV infection, LaRoche AIDS, ARC (protease inhibitor)Stavudine; d4T Bristol-Myers Squibb HIV infection, Didehydrodeoxy- AIDS,ARC Thymidine Tipranavir Boehringer Ingelheim HIV infection, AIDS, ARC(protease inhibitor) Valaciclovir Glaxo Wellcome Genital HSV & CMVinfections Virazole Viratek/ICN asymptomatic HIV Ribavirin (Costa Mesa,CA) positive, LAS, ARC VX-478 Vertex HIV infection, AIDS, ARCZalcitabine Hoffmann-LaRoche HIV infection, AIDS, ARC, with AZTZidovudine; AZT Glaxo Wellcome HIV infection, AIDS, ARC, Kaposi'ssarcoma, in combination with other therapies Tenofovir disoproxil,Gilead HIV infection, fumarate salt (VIREAD ®) AIDS, (reversetranscriptase inhibitor) EMTRIVA ® Gilead HIV infection, (Emtricitabine)(FTC) AIDS, (reverse transcriptase inhibitor) COMBIVIR ® GSK HIVinfection, AIDS, (reverse transcriptase inhibitor) Abacavir succinateGSK HIV infection, (or ZIAGEN ®) AIDS, (reverse transcriptase inhibitor)REVATAZ ® Bristol-Myers Squibb HIV infection (or atazanavir) AIDs,protease inhibitor FUZEON ® Roche/Trimeris HIV infection (Enfuvirtide orT-20) AIDs, viral Fusion inhibitor LEXIVA ® GSK/Vertex HIV infection (orFosamprenavir AIDs, viral protease calcium) inhibitor Selzentry PfizerHIV infection Maraviroc; (UK 427857) AIDs, (CCR5 antagonist, indevelopment) Trizivir ® GSK HIV infection AIDs, (three drug combination)Sch-417690 (vicriviroc) Schering-Plough HIV infection AIDs, (CCR5antagonist, in development) TAK-652 Takeda HIV infection AIDs, (CCR5antagonist, in development) GSK 873140 GSK/ONO HIV infection (ONO-4128)AIDs, (CCR5 antagonist, in development) Integrase Inhibitor Merck HIVinfection MK-0518 AIDs Raltegravir TRUVADA ® Gilead Combination ofTenofovir disoproxil fumarate salt (VIREAD ®) and EMTRIVA ®(Emtricitabine) Integrase Inhibitor Gilead/Japan Tobacco HIV InfectionGS917/JTK-303 AIDs Elvitegravir in development Triple drug combinationGilead/Bristol-Myers Combination of ATRIPLA ® Squibb Tenofovirdisoproxil fumarate salt (VIREAD ®), EMTRIVA ® (Emtricitabine), andSUSTIVA ® (Efavirenz) FESTINAVIR ® Oncolys BioPharma HIV infection4′-ethynyl-d4T BMS AIDs in development CMX-157 Chimerix HIV infectionLipid conjugate of AIDs nucleotide tenofovir G5K1349572 GSK HIVinfection Integrase inhibitor AIDs dolutegravir S/G5K1265744 GSK HIVinfection Integrase inhibitor AIDs IMMUNOMODULATORS AS-101 Wyeth-AyerstAIDS Bropirimine Pharmacia Upjohn Advanced AIDS Acemannan CarringtonLabs, Inc. AIDS, ARC (Irving, TX) CL246,738 Wyeth AIDS, Kaposi's LederleLabs sarcoma FP-21399 Fuki ImmunoPharm Blocks HIV fusion with CD4+ cellsGamma Interferon Genentech ARC, in combination w/TNF (tumor necrosisfactor) Granulocyte Genetics Institute AIDS Macrophage Colony SandozStimulating Factor Granulocyte Hoechst-Roussel AIDS Macrophage ColonyImmunex Stimulating Factor Granulocyte Schering-Plough AIDS, MacrophageColony combination Stimulating Factor w/AZT HIV Core Particle RorerSeropositive HIV Immunostimulant IL-2 Cetus AIDS, in Interleukin-2combination w/AZT IL-2 Hoffman-LaRoche AIDS, ARC, HIV, in Interleukin-2Immunex combination w/AZT IL-2 Chiron AIDS, increase in Interleukin-2CD4 cell counts (aldeslukin) Immune Globulin Cutter Biological PediatricAIDS, in Intravenous (Berkeley, CA) combination w/AZT (human) IMREG-1Imreg AIDS, Kaposi's (New Orleans, LA) sarcoma, ARC, PGL IMREG-2 ImregAIDS, Kaposi's (New Orleans, LA) sarcoma, ARC, PGL Imuthiol DiethylMerieux Institute AIDS, ARC Dithio Carbamate Alpha-2 Schering PloughKaposi's sarcoma Interferon w/AZT, AIDS Methionine- TNI PharmaceuticalAIDS, ARC Enkephalin (Chicago, IL) MTP-PE Ciba-Geigy Corp. Kaposi'ssarcoma Muramyl-Tripeptide Granulocyte Amgen AIDS, in Colony Stimulatingcombination Factor w/AZT Remune Immune Response Immunotherapeutic Corp.rCD4 Genentech AIDS, ARC Recombinant Soluble Human CD4 rCD4-IgG AIDS,ARC hybrids Recombinant Biogen AIDS, ARC Soluble Human CD4 InterferonHoffman-La Roche Kaposi's sarcoma Alfa 2a AIDS, ARC, in combinationw/AZT SK&F106528 Smith Kline HIV infection Soluble T4 ThymopentinImmunobiology HIV infection Research Institute (Annandale, NJ) TumorNecrosis Genentech ARC, in Factor; TNF combination w/ gamma InterferonANTI-INFECTIVES Clindamycin with Pharmacia Upjohn PCP PrimaquineFluconazole Pfizer Cryptococcal meningitis, candidiasis Pastille SquibbCorp. Prevention of Nystatin Pastille oral candidiasis Omidyl MerrellDow PCP Eflomithine Pentamidine LyphoMed PCP treatment Isethionate (IM &IV) (Rosemont, IL) Trimethoprim Antibacterial Trimethoprim/sulfaAntibacterial Piritrexim Burroughs Wellcome PCP treatment PentamidineFisons Corporation PCP prophylaxis Isethionate for Inhalation SpiramycinRhone-Poulenc Cryptosporidial diarrhea Intraconazole- Janssen-Pharm.Histoplasmosis; R51211 cryptococcal meningitis TrimetrexateWarner-Lambert PCP Daunorubicin NeXstar, Sequus Kaposi's sarcomaRecombinant Human Ortho Pharm. Corp. Severe anemia Erythropoietin assoc.with AZT therapy Recombinant Human Serono AIDS-related Growth Hormonewasting, cachexia Megestrol Acetate Bristol-Myers Squibb Treatment ofanorexia assoc. W/AIDS Testosterone Alza, Smith Kline AIDS-relatedwasting Total Enteral Norwich Eaton Diarrhea and NutritionPharmaceuticals malabsorption related to AIDS

Additionally, the compounds of the disclosure herein set forth may beused in combination with HIV entry inhibitors. Examples of such HIVentry inhibitors are discussed in DRUGS OF THE FUTURE 1999, 24(12), pp.1355-1362; CELL, Vol. 9, pp. 243-246, Oct. 29, 1999; and DRUG DISCOVERYTODAY, Vol. 5, No. 5, May 2000, pp. 183-194 and Inhibitors of the entryof HIV into host cells. Meanwell, Nicholas A.; Kadow, John F., CurrentOpinion in Drug Discovery & Development (2003), 6(4), 451-461.Specifically the compounds can be utilized in combination withattachment inhibitors, fusion inhibitors, and chemokine receptorantagonists aimed at either the CCR5 or CXCR4 coreceptor. HIV attachmentinhibitors are also set forth in U.S. Pat. No. 7,354,924 and U.S. Pat.No. 7,745,625.

It will be understood that the scope of combinations of the compounds ofthis application with AIDS antivirals, immunomodulators,anti-infectives, HIV entry inhibitors or vaccines is not limited to thelist in the above Table but includes, in principle, any combination withany pharmaceutical composition useful for the treatment of AIDS.

Preferred combinations are simultaneous or alternating treatments with acompound of the present disclosure and an inhibitor of HIV proteaseand/or a non-nucleoside inhibitor of HIV reverse transcriptase. Anoptional fourth component in the combination is a nucleoside inhibitorof HIV reverse transcriptase, such as AZT, 3TC, ddC or ddI. A preferredinhibitor of HIV protease is REYATAZ® (active ingredient Atazanavir).Typically a dose of 300 to 600 mg is administered once a day. This maybe co-administered with a low dose of Ritonavir (50 to 500 mgs). Anotherpreferred inhibitor of HIV protease is KALETRA®. Another usefulinhibitor of HIV protease is indinavir, which is the sulfate salt ofN-(2(R)-hydroxy-1-(S)-indanyl)-2(R)-phenylmethyl-4-(S)-hydroxy-5-(1-(4-(3-pyridyl-methyl)-2(S)—N′-(t-butylcarboxamido)-piperazinyl))-pentaneamideethanolate, and is synthesized according to U.S. Pat. No. 5,413,999.Indinavir is generally administered at a dosage of 800 mg three times aday. Other preferred protease inhibitors are nelfinavir and ritonavir.Another preferred inhibitor of HIV protease is saquinavir which isadministered in a dosage of 600 or 1200 mg tid. Preferred non-nucleosideinhibitors of HIV reverse transcriptase include efavirenz. Thesecombinations may have unexpected effects on limiting the spread anddegree of infection of HIV. Preferred combinations include those withthe following (1) indinavir with efavirenz, and, optionally, AZT and/or3TC and/or ddI and/or ddC; (2) indinavir, and any of AZT and/or ddIand/or ddC and/or 3TC, in particular, indinavir and AZT and 3TC; (3)stavudine and 3TC and/or zidovudine; (4) tenofovir disoproxil fumaratesalt and emtricitabine.

In such combinations the compound of the present invention and otheractive agents may be administered separately or in conjunction. Inaddition, the administration of one element may be prior to, concurrentto, or subsequent to the administration of other agent(s).

General Chemistry Methods of Synthesis

The present invention comprises compounds of Formula I, theirpharmaceutical formulations, and their use in patients suffering from orsusceptible to HIV infection. The compounds of Formula I also includepharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. General procedures toconstruct compounds of Formula I and intermediates useful for theirsynthesis are described in the following Schemes (after theAbbreviations).

Abbreviations

One or more of the following abbreviations, most of which areconventional abbreviations well known to those skilled in the art, maybe used throughout the description of the disclosure and the examples:

RT=room temperatureBHT=2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxytolueneCSA=camphorsulfonic acidLDA=lithium diisopropylamideKHMDS=potassium bis(trimethylsilyl)amideSFC=supercritical fluid chromatographyQuant=quantitativeTBDMS=tert-butyldimethylsilanePTFE=polytetrafluoroethyleneNMO=4-methylmorpholine-N-oxideTHF=tetrahydrofuranTLC=thin layer chromatographyDCM=dichloromethaneDCE=dichloroethaneTFA=trifluoroacetic acidLCMS=liquid chromatography mass spectroscopyPrep=preparativeHPLC=high performance liquid chromatographyDAST=(diethylamino)sulfur trifluorideTEA=triethylamine

DIPEA=N,N-diisopropylethylamine

HATU=[O-(7-azabenzotriazol-1-yl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyluroniumhexafluorophosphate]DCC=N,N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimideDMAP=dimethylaminopyridineTMS=trimethylsilylNMR=nuclear magnetic resonanceDPPA=diphenyl phosphoryl azideAIBN=azobisisobutyronitrileTBAF=tetrabutylammonium fluorideDMF=dimethylformamideTBTU=O-(benzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyluroniumtetrafluoroborateMin(s)=minute(s)h=hour(s)sat.=saturatedTEA=triethylamineEtOAc=ethyl acetateTFA=trifluoroacetic acidPCC=pyridinium chlorochromateTLC=thin layer chromatography

Tf₂NPh=(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)methanesulfonamide

dioxane=1,4-dioxanePG=protective groupatm=atmosphere(s)mol=mole(s)mmol=milimole(s)mg=milligram(s)μg=microgram(s)μl=microliter(s)μm=micrometer(s)mm=millimeter(s)

The terms “C-3” and “C-28” refer to certain positions of a triterpenecore as numbered in accordance with IUPAC rules (positions depictedbelow with respect to an illustrative triterpene: betulin):

The same numbering is maintained when referring to the compound seriesin schemes and general descriptions of methods.

Preparation of Compounds of Formula I General Chemistry Schemes:

Compounds of Formula I can be prepared from commercially available(Aldrich, others) betulinic acid by chemistry described in the followingschemes.

General reaction schemes are set forth as follows:

Compounds of Formula I can be prepared from betulinic acid as describedin Scheme 1. Curtis rearrangement of betulinic acid can be accomplishedwithout protection of the C-3 hydroxyl group to render the C-17isocyanate which upon acid hydrolysis affords the C-17 amine. The C-17amine is then selectively protected with an amine protective group (i.eF-moc, Boc) to then perform the oxidation of the C-3 hydroxy group to aketone under standard conditions (i.e. PCC, Dess-Martin reagent, etc).Conversion of the ketone into its triflate can be accomplished bymethods known to those skilled in the art. The protective group in theamino group is then taken off to produce the C-17 unsubstituted amine.Installation of the C-3 moiety is accomplished via Suzuki coupling ofthe triflate with the corresponding boronic acid as described above.Alternatively, the triflate coupling with the corresponding boronic acidcan be performed before the deprotection of the C-17 amine. Oncedeprotected, the C-17 amino group can then be further derivatized bymethods know to those skilled in the art such as alkylation, reductiveamination, acylation, etc. Several of these methods are described in theSchemes below (Scheme 2-7). In some cases, an additional step is neededto unmask any functional group that may be functionalized with aprotective group (i.e. when Y is COOH, is always masked as thecorresponding ester COOR until this last step).

The C-17 primary amine can be further modified using standard methods,known to those skill in the art. Some examples are shown in thefollowing schemes.

C-17 amides can be prepared by reacting a carboxylic acid with the C-17primary amine in the presence of an adequate coupling reagent such asHATU, DCC, and others known to those skilled in the art, in the presenceof a base such as Hunig's base, TEA, etc., in the appropriate solvent(DCM, THF, DMF, etc.). Hydrolysis of the carboxylic ester affords thebenzoic acid. Alternatively, some amides can be prepared by treating theC-17 primary amine with the corresponding carboxylic acid chloridereagent instead of an acid. Similarly, sulfonamines and sulfonamides canbe prepared from the C-17 primary amine by using a sulfonyl chloride asthe sulfonylating agent.

C-17 ureas can be prepared by reacting the corresponding carbamoylchloride or isocyanate in the presence of a base such as Hunig's base,TEA, etc., in the appropriate solvent (DCM, THF, DMF, etc.). C-17carbamates can be prepared in a similar manner using a chloroformateinstead of the carbamoyl chloride.

The C-17 primary amine can be treated with an aldehyde under reductiveamination conditions (e.g. NaBH(OAc)₃ in the presence of AcOH/NaOAc orTi(OPr)₄ in a solvent such as THF, 1,4-dioxane, DCE or DCM) to affordC-17 secondary amines.

Some C-17 amines can be prepared by alkylation of the C-17 primary aminewith an alkylating agent (R-LG), where LG is a leaving group such as,but not limited to Br, Cl, I, mesylate, tosylate or triflate in thepresence of a base. Heating may be needed in some cases. Hydrolysis ofthe carboxylic ester renders the benzoic acid product.

In some cases, by prolonging the reaction times and heating the reactionmixture, the dialkylated product can also be formed.

Alternatively, some C-17 amines can be prepared by 1,4-addition toMichael acceptors.

Substituents R, R′ and R″ may contain functional groups (i.e. COOH,COOR, OH, NHR) that can be further modified by methods know to thoseskilled in the art. The modification can be carried out before or afterthe final deprotection of the carboxylic acid is performed depending onthe nature of the functional group.

Alternatively, the C-17 secondary amine can be further modified (i.e.alkylated, acylated, sulfonylated, etc.) using some of the methodsdescribed above or other standard methods known to those skilled in theart.

EXAMPLES

The following examples illustrate typical syntheses of the compounds ofFormula I as described generally above. These examples are illustrativeonly and are not intended to limit the disclosure in any way. Thereagents and starting materials are readily available to one of ordinaryskill in the art.

Chemistry Typical Procedures and Characterization of Selected Examples:

Unless otherwise stated, solvents and reagents were used directly asobtained from commercial sources, and reactions were performed under anitrogen atmosphere. Flash chromatography was conducted on Silica gel 60(0.040-0.063 particle size; EM Science supply). ¹H NMR spectra wererecorded on Bruker DRX-500f at 500 MHz (or Bruker AV 400 MHz, BrukerDPX-300B or Varian Gemini 300 at 300 MHz as stated). The chemical shiftswere reported in ppm on the δ scale relative to δTMS=0. The followinginternal references were used for the residual protons in the followingsolvents: CDCl₃ (δ_(H) 7.26), CD₃OD (δ^(H) 3.30), acetic-d4 (Acetic Acidd₄) (δ_(H) 11.6, 2.07), DMSO mix or DMSO-D6-CDCl₃ (δ_(H) 2.50 and 8.25)(ratio 75%:25%), and DMSO-D6 (δ_(H) 2.50). Standard acronyms wereemployed to describe the multiplicity patterns: s (singlet), br. s(broad singlet), d (doublet), t (triplet), q (quartet), m (multiplet), b(broad), app (apparent). The coupling constant (J) is in Hertz. AllLiquid Chromatography (LC) data were recorded on a Shimadzu LC-10ASliquid chromatograph using a SPD-10AV UV-Vis detector with MassSpectrometry (MS) data determined using a Micromass Platform for LC inelectrospray mode.

Section 1 LC/MS Methods Method 1

Start % B=0, Final % B=100 over 2 minute gradient, hold at 100% BFlow Rate=1 mL/min

Wavelength=220 nm

Solvent A=90% water, 10% methanol, 0.1% TFASolvent B=10% water, 90% methanol, 0.1% TFA

Column=Phenomenex Luna C18, 3 μm, 2.0×30 mm Method 2

Start % B=0, Final % B=100 over 4 minute gradient, hold at 100% BFlow Rate=0.8 mL/min

Wavelength=220 nm

Solvent A=90% water, 10% methanol, 0.1% TFASolvent B=10% water, 90% methanol, 0.1% TFA

Column=Phenomenex Luna C18, 3 μm, 2.0×50 mm Method 3

Start % B=0, Final % B=100 over 2 minute gradient, hold at 100% BFlow Rate=1 mL/min

Wavelength=220 nm

Solvent A=90% water, 10% acetonitrile, 0.1% TFASolvent B=10% water, 90% acetonitrile, 0.1% TFA

Column=Phenomenex Luna C18, 3 μm, 2.0×30 mm Method 4

Start % B=20, Final % B=100 over 2 minute gradient, hold at 100% BFlow Rate=0.8 mL/min

Wavelength=220 nm

Solvent A=90% water, 10% methanol, 0.1% TFASolvent B=10% water, 90% methanol, 0.1% TFA

Column=Waters Xbridge Phenyl, 2.5 μm, 2.1×50 mm Method 5

Start % B=20, Final % B=100, gradient Time=1.5 minFlow Rate=0.8 mL/min

Wavelength=220

Solvent A=10% MeOH—90% water—0.1% TFASolvent B=90% MeOH—10% water—0.1% TFA

Column=Waters Xbridge Phenyl 2.1×50 mm 2.5 μm Method 6

Start % B=2, Final % B=98 over 1.5 minute gradient, hold at 98% BFlow Rate=0.8 mL/min

Wavelength=220 nm

Solvent A=100% water, 0.05% TFASolvent B=100% acetonitrile, 0.05% TFA

Column=Waters Aquity UPLC BEH C18, 2.1×50 mm, 1.7 μm Method 7

Start % B=20, Final % B=100, gradient Time=3 minFlow Rate=0.6 mL/min

Wavelength=220

Solvent A=10% MeOH—90% water—0.1% TFASolvent B=90% MeOH—10% water—0.1% TFA

Column=Waters Xbridge Phenyl 2.1×50 mm 2.5 μm Method 8

Start % B=20, Final % B=100, gradient Time=2 minFlow Rate=0.6 mL/min

Wavelength=220

Solvent A=10% MeOH—90% water—0.1% TFASolvent B=90% MeOH—10% water—0.1% TFA

Column=Waters Xbridge Phenyl 2.1×50 mm 2.5 μm Method 9

Start % B=0, Final % B=100 over 2 minute gradient, hold at 100% BFlow Rate=0.6 mL/min

Wavelength=220 nm

Solvent A=90% water, 10% methanol, 0.1% TFASolvent B=10% water, 90% methanol, 0.1% TFA

Column=Xbridge Phenyl, 2.5 μm, 2.1×50 mm Method 10

Start % B=30, Final % B=100 over 4 min gradient, hold at 100% BFlow Rate=0.8 ml/min

Wavelength=220 Solvent Pair=Water—Methanol—0.1% TFA Solvent A=90%Water—10% Methanol—0.1% TFA Solvent B=10% Water—90% Methanol—0.1% TFAColumn 2=(2) PHENOMENEX-LUNA 2.0×50 mm 3 μm Method 11

Start % B=40, Final % B=100 over 4 min gradient, hold at 100% BFlow Rate=0.8 ml/min

Wavelength=220 Solvent Pair=Acetonitrile:Water: 10 mM Ammonium AcetateSolvent A=5% Acetonitrile: 95% Water: 10 mM Ammonium Acetate SolventB=95% Acetonitrile: 5% Water: 10 mM Ammonium Acetate Column 2=2.)PHENOMENEX-LUNA 2.0×50 mm 3 μm Method 12

Start % B=20, Final % B=100 over 4 min gradient, hold at 100% BFlow Rate=0.8 ml/min

Wavelength=220 Solvent Pair=Acetonitrile:Water: 10 mM Ammonium AcetateSolvent A=5% Acetonitrile: 95% Water: 10 mM Ammonium Acetate SolventB=95% Acetonitrile: 5% Water: 10 mM Ammonium Acetate Column 2=2.)PHENOMENEX-LUNA 2.0×50 mm 3 μm SFC Methods: Method 1 Instrument=SFC Thar350/A5

Flow rate=220 mL/min

Wavelength=220 nm

Mobile phase=CO₂/[heptane/IPA=4:1 (v:v)]=80/20 isocratic

Column=Whelko(rr) 50×5 cm, 10 μm

Injection Volume=1.0 mL [solute concentration=100 mg/mL of heptane/IPA4:1 (v:v)]Injection Program: Stacked injections (1.0 mL every 2 min)Prep HPLC methods:Prep HPLC method 1Start % B=30, Final % B=67 over 16 minute gradient, step to 100% B for10 minutesFlow Rate=100 mL/minSolvent A=90% water, 10% acetonitrile, 0.1% TFASolvent B=10% water, 90% acetonitrile, 0.1% TFA

Column=Waters Sunfire C18, 5 μm, 50×250 mm

Prep HPLC method 2Start % B=0, Final % B=100 over 20 minute gradient, hold 100% B for 4minutesFlow Rate=50 mL/minSolvent A=90% water, 10% acetonitrile, 0.1% TFASolvent B=10% water, 90% acetonitrile, 0.1% TFA

Column=Waters XBridge Phenyl, 5 μm, 30×100 mm

Prep HPLC method 3Start % B=15, Final % B=100 over 20 minute gradient, hold 100% B for 4minutesFlow Rate=50 mL/minSolvent A=90% water, 10% acetonitrile, 0.1% TFASolvent B=10% water, 90% acetonitrile, 0.1% TFA

Column=Waters XBridge Phenyl, 5 μm, 30×100 mm

Prep HPLC method 4Start % B=20, Final % B=100 over 20 minute gradient, hold 100% B for 5minutesFlow Rate=50 mL/minSolvent A=90% water, 10% acetonitrile, 0.1% TFASolvent B=10% water, 90% acetonitrile, 0.1% TFA

Column=Waters Sunfire C18, 5 μm, 30×150 mm

Prep HPLC method 5Start % B=30, Final % B=100 over 15 minute gradient, hold 100% B for 5minutesFlow Rate=20 mL/minSolvent A=90% water, 10% acetonitrile, 0.1% TFASolvent B=10% water, 90% acetonitrile, 0.1% TFA

Column=Waters Xbridge Phenyl, 5 μm, 19×250 mm

Prep HPLC method 6Start % B=20, Final % B=65 over 20 minute gradient, step to 100% B for 5minutesFlow Rate=50 mL/minSolvent A=90% water, 10% acetonitrile, 0.1% TFASolvent B=10% water, 90% acetonitrile, 0.1% TFA

Column=Waters Sunfire C18, 5 μm, 30×150 mm

Prep HPLC method 7Start % B=20, Final % B=100 over 30 minute gradient, hold 100% B for 4minutesFlow Rate=50 mL/minSolvent A=90% water, 10% acetonitrile, 0.1% TFASolvent B=10% water, 90% acetonitrile, 0.1% TFA

Column=Waters Sunfire C18, 5 μm, 30×150 mm

Prep HPLC method 8Start % B=30, Final % B=100 over 18 minute gradient, hold 100% B for 2minutesFlow Rate=25 mL/min

Collection by ELSD

Solvent A=95% water, 5% acetonitrile, 10 mM ammonium acetateSolvent B=5% water, 95% acetonitrile, 10 mM ammonium acetate

Column=XBridge OBD Prep Shield RP18 19×100 mm 5 μm Prep HPLC Method 9

Start % B=10, Final % B=100 over 10 minute gradient, hold 100% B for 5minutesFlow Rate=50 mL/minSolvent A=90% water, 10% acetonitrile, 0.1% TFASolvent B=10% water, 90% acetonitrile, 0.1% TFA

Column=Waters Sunfire C18, 5 μm, 30×100 mm Prep HPLC Method 10

Start % B=10, Final % B=100 over 10 minute gradient, hold 100% B for 5minutesFlow Rate=50 mL/minSolvent A=95% water, 5% acetonitrile, 10 mM ammonium acetateSolvent B=5% water, 95% acetonitrile, 10 mM ammonium acetate

Column=Xbridge OBD Prep Shield RP, 5 μm, 19×100 mm Prep HPLC Method 11

Start % B=25, Final % B=100 over 15 minute gradient, hold 100% BFlow Rate=40 mL/minSolvent A=90% water, 10% acetonitrile, 0.1% TFASolvent B=10% water, 90% acetonitrile, 0.1% TFA

Column=Waters Sunfire C18, 5 μm, 30×100 mm Prep HPLC Method 12

Start % B=20, Final % B=100 over 15 min gradient, hold at 100% B for 4minFlow Rate=50 ml/min

Wavelength=220

Solvent Pair=Water—acetonitrile—TFASolvent A=90% Water—10% acetonitrile—0.1% TFASolvent B=10% Water—90% acetonitrile—0.1% TFA

Column=Waters Sunfire C18, 5 μm, 30×150 mm Prep HPLC Method 13

Start % B=30, Final % B=100 over 15 min gradient, hold at 100% B for 15minFlow Rate=50 ml/min

Wavelength=220

Solvent Pair=Water—acetonitrile—TFASolvent A=90% Water—10% acetonitrile—0.1% TFASolvent B=10% Water—90% acetonitrile—0.1% TFA

Column=Waters Sunfire C18, 5 μm, 30×150 mm Prep HPLC Method 14

Start % B=30, Final % B=100 over 20 min gradient, hold at 100% B for 6minFlow Rate=50 ml/min

Wavelength=220

Solvent Pair=Water—acetonitrile—TFASolvent A=90% Water—10% acetonitrile—0.1% TFASolvent B=10% Water—90% acetonitrile—0.1% TFA

Column=Waters Sunfire C18, 5 μm, 30×150 mm Prep HPLC Method 15

Start % B=30, Final % B=100 over 15 min gradient, hold at 100% B for 5minFlow Rate=50 ml/min

Wavelength=220

Solvent Pair=Water—acetonitrile—TFASolvent A=90% Water—10% acetonitrile—0.1% TFASolvent B=10% Water—90% acetonitrile—0.1% TFA

Column=Waters Sunfire C18, 5 μm, 30×150 mm Prep HPLC Method 16

Start % B=20, Final % B=100 over 10 min gradient, hold at 100% B for 4minFlow Rate=50 ml/min

Wavelength=220

Solvent Pair=Water—acetonitrile—TFASolvent A=90% Water—10% acetonitrile—0.1% TFASolvent B=10% Water—90% acetonitrile—0.1% TFA

Column=Waters Sunfire C18, 5 μm, 30×150 mm Prep HPLC Method 17

Start % B=30, Final % B=50 over 30 min gradient, hold at 50% B for 5 minFlow Rate=25 ml/min

Wavelength=220

Solvent Pair=Water—acetonitrile—TFASolvent A=90% Water—10% acetonitrile—0.1% TFASolvent B=10% Water—90% acetonitrile—0.1% TFA

Column=YMC-OBD 20×100 mm S5 Preparation of ethyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

Step 1. Preparation of ethyl1-(hydroxymethyl)-4-((trimethylsilyl)oxy)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

A solution of ethyl 2-(hydroxymethyl)acrylate (5.21 g, 40 mmol) and(buta-1,3-dien-2-yloxy)trimethylsilane (8.54 g, 60.0 mmol) in toluene(100 mL) was flushed with nitrogen, sealed and heated in a pressureflask at 150° C. for 48 h. The resulting light yellow reaction mixturewas cooled to room temperature and concentrated in vacuum to give thecrude product as an oil which was used for the next step withoutpurification. MS: m/e 201.05 (M+H-silyl)⁺, 0.839 min (method 4).

Step 2. Preparation of ethyl1-(hydroxymethyl)-4-oxocyclohexanecarboxylate

To a solution of ethyl1-(hydroxymethyl)-4-((trimethylsilyl)oxy)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate (10.9g, 40.0 mmol) in THF (5 mL) was added HCl (0.005N) (1 mL, 5.00 μmol).The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 18 h. Thereaction mixture was extracted with EtOAc (2×10 mL), washed withsaturated aqueous NaHCO₃ (5 mL) followed by brine (10 mL). The organicextract was dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated under reducedpressure. The crude product was purified by silica gel chromatographyusing ethyl acetate/hexanes to give the title compound as a colorlessoil (3 g, 37.4%). MS: m/e 200.95 (M+H)⁺, 0.853 min (method 4). ¹H NMR(400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 4.28 (q, J=7.3 Hz, 2H), 3.75 (s, 2H),2.57-2.45 (m, 2H), 2.45-2.33 (m, 4H), 1.86-1.71 (m, 2H), 1.39-1.30 (m,3H).

Step 3. Preparation of ethyl4-oxo-1-((((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)oxy)methyl)cyclohexanecarboxylate

To a stirred mixture of ethyl1-(hydroxymethyl)-4-oxocyclohexanecarboxylate (1,170 mg, 5.84 mmol) andpyridine (0.614 mL, 7.60 mmol) in DCM (10 mL) at −10° C. was addedtrifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride (7.60 mL, 7.60 mmol) dropwise. Theresulting mixture was stirred at −10° C. for 30 min and washed with icecold 1N HCl solution and brine. The separated organic layer was driedover sodium sulfate. The solvent was removed and the residue was used asit without purification. MS: m/e 333.05 (M+H)⁺, 1.969 min (method 4).

Step 4. Preparation of ethyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-oxocyclohexanecarboxylate

To a stirred mixture of ethyl4-oxo-1-((((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)oxy)methyl)cyclohexanecarboxylate(1.941 g, 5.84 mmol) in DCM (10 mL) at 25° C. was addedtetrabutylammonium bifluoride (3.63 mL, 7.01 mmol) dropwise. Theresulting mixture was stirred at 25° C. for 18 hours. The reactionmixture was concentrated under vacuum. Two layers were formed uponstirring the residue obtained in 50 mL of hexanes. The top layer wasdecanted to a flask and dried under vacuum to yield a colorless oil.This residue was purified by flash chromatography using a 12 g silicagel column and a 0-35% EtOAc in hexanes gradient to yield the titlecompound as a colorless oil (0.20 g, 9.0%). MS: m/e 203.15 (M+H)⁺, 1.470min (method 4). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 4.49-4.30 (m, 2H),4.25-4.11 (m, 2H), 2.50-2.35 (m, 4H), 2.33-2.20 (m, 2H), 1.80-1.64 (m,2H), 1.30-1.20 (m, 3H). ¹⁹F NMR (376 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ−223.02-−225.00 (m, 1F).

Step 5. Preparation of ethyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-(((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)oxy)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

KHMDS (1.27 ml, 1.27 mmol) was added to a pale yellow solution of ethyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-oxocyclohexanecarboxylate (0.20 g, 0.98 mmol) and1,1,1-trifluoro-N-phenyl-N-((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)methanesulfonamide(0.38 g, 1.07 mmol) in THF (20 mL) at −78° C. The resulting yellowsolution was stirred at −78° C. for 2 hr. The reaction mixture wasquenched with aqueous saturated ammonium chloride and extracted oncewith 10 mL of EtOAc. The organic layer was washed with brine (10 mL),dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. Thecrude product was purified by flash chromatography using a 12 g silicagel column and a 0-10% EtOAc in hexanes gradient to give the titlecompound as a colorless oil (179 mg, 54.7%). ¹H NMR (400 MHz,CHLOROFORM-d) δ 5.84-5.69 (m, 1H), 4.60-4.37 (m, 2H), 4.30-4.15 (m, 2H),2.89-2.70 (m, 1H), 2.56-2.33 (m, 2H), 2.32-2.14 (m, 2H), 2.07-1.81 (m,1H), 1.34-1.22 (m, 3H). ¹⁹F NMR (376 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ−225.18-−225.70 (m, 1F)

Step 6. To a flask containing ethyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-(((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)oxy)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(0.179 g, 0.53 mmol) was added bis(pinacolato)diboron (0.143 g, 0.56mmol), potassium acetate (0.156 g, 1.59 mmol), and1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocenepalladium(II) dichloride (0.013 g,0.016 mmol). The mixture was diluted with dioxane (8 mL), flushed withnitrogen, and heated to 70° C. for 5 h. Upon cooling to rt, the mixturewas diluted with water (25 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (2×20mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine and dried overmagnesium sulfate. The drying agent was removed by filtration and thefiltrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue waspurified by flash chromatography using a 12 g Isco silica gel column anda 0-10% EtOAc in hexanes gradient. The fractions containing the expectedproduct were combined and concentrated under reduced pressure to givethe title compound as a clear, colorless oil (91 mg, 54%). MS: m/e313.20 (M+H)⁺, 2.299 min (method 4). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ6.50 (td, J=3.9, 2.0 Hz, 1H), 4.59-4.32 (m, 2H), 4.23-4.13 (m, 2H),2.74-2.52 (m, 1H), 2.30-2.08 (m, 3H), 1.98-1.69 (m, 2H), 1.32-1.20 (m,15H). ¹⁹F NMR (376 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ −225.59-−226.36 (m, 1F).

Alternative method of preparation for the preparation of ethyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-oxocyclohexanecarboxylate

Step 1. Preparation of ethyl 2-(fluoromethyl)acrylate

To the solution of ethyl 2-(hydroxymethyl)acrylate (5 g, 38.4 mmol) inDCM (50 mL) was added DAST (6.60 mL, 49.9 mmol) at −78° C. The reactionmixture was stirred at −78° C. for 1 hour. The mixture was warmed to 25°C. and continuously stirred for another 3 hours. The reaction mixturewas quenched by the addition of CH₂Cl₂ (20 mL) and NaHCO₃ saturatedaqueous solution (20 mL). The organic layer was separated, and theaqueous layer was extracted twice with CH₂Cl₂ (20 mL). The combinedorganic extracts were dried over sodium sulfate and evaporated to give aresidual oil which was used in the next step without purification. ¹HNMR (500 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 6.49-6.33 (m, 1H), 6.03-5.87 (m, 1H),6.45-5.84 (m, 2H), 4.27 (q, J=7.1 Hz, 2H), 1.33 (t, J=7.1 Hz, 3H). ¹⁹FNMR (470 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ −220.33-−221.86 (m, 1F).

Step 2. Preparation of ethyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((trimethylsilyl)oxy)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

A solution of ethyl 2-(fluoromethyl)acrylate (4.7 g, 35.6 mmol)) and(buta-1,3-dien-2-yloxy)trimethylsilane (10.12 g, 71.1 mmol) in toluene(100 mL)) was flushed with nitrogen, sealed and heated at 150° C. in apressure vessel for 48 h. The resulting pale yellow solution was cooledto room temperature and concentrated under reduced pressure to give thetitle compound as an oil which was used in the next step without furtherpurification. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 4.83 (t, J=3.3 Hz, 1H),4.64-4.38 (m, 2H), 4.25-4.12 (m, 2H), 2.62-2.48 (m, 1H), 2.19-1.99 (m,4H), 1.93-1.78 (m, 1H), 1.34-1.22 (m, 3H), 0.24-0.15 (m, 9H). ¹⁹F NMR(470 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ −224.80-−225.37 (m, 1F).

Step 3. Preparation of ethyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-oxocyclohexanecarboxylate

To a solution of ethyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((trimethylsilyl)oxy)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate (9.76g, 35.6 mmol) in THF (5 ml) was added HCl (0.005N) (1 mL, 5.00 μmol).The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature overnight. Thereaction mixture was extracted with EtOAc (2×10 mL), washed with aqueoussaturated NaHCO₃ (5 mL) followed by brine (10 mL), dried over Na₂SO₄,filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product waspurified by flash chromatography using a 80 g silica gel column and a0-25% EtOAc in hexanes gradient. The fraction containing the expectedproduct was collected and concentrated under reduced pressure to givethe title compound as a colorless oil (6.5 g, 90.2%). ¹H NMR (400 MHz,CHLOROFORM-d) δ 4.59-4.42 (m, 2H), 4.30 (q, J=7.0 Hz, 2H), 2.58-2.34 (m,6H), 1.88-1.73 (m, 2H), 1.33 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H). ¹⁹F NMR (376 MHz,CHLOROFORM-d) δ −223.54-−223.99 (m, 1F).

Preparation of benzyl 1-(fluoromethyl)-4-oxocyclohexanecarboxylateMethod A

Step 1. Preparation of ethyl 1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decane-8-carboxylate

Into a 3 L, 3 neck round bottom flask was placed ethyl4-oxocyclohexanecarboxylate (100 g, 570 mmol), ethane-1,2-diol (0.159 L,2849 mmol),((1S,4R)-7,7-dimethyl-2-oxobicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-1-yl)methanesulfonicacid (1.324 g, 5.70 mmol) and dry toluene (1.2 L). A Dean-Stark watertrap and a condenser were installed and the mixture heated to refluxwith stirring. Immiscible distillate was collected in the Dean-Starktrap and was periodically removed. After 28 h of total reflux time, atotal of 82 mL of immiscible distillate had been removed from theDean-Stark trap. After the mixture had cooled to approximately 40° C.,sat. NaHCO₃ (400 mL) was added to the reaction mixture with rapidstirring. The mixture was transferred to a separatory funnel, shaken andthe phases separated. The organic layer was washed with water (4×500mL), then with 5% NaHCO₃ (200 mL) and then with brine (100 mL). Theorganic material was dried over anhydrous MgSO₄, filtered andconcentrated under reduced pressure to give a slightly yellow viscousoil (118.50 g, 97% yield). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 4.15 (q,J=7.3 Hz, 2H), 3.96 (s, 4H), 2.41-2.27 (m, 1H), 1.96 (dt, J=8.7, 4.3 Hz,2H), 1.89-1.74 (m, 4H), 1.68-1.49 (m, 2H), 1.27 (t, J=7.1 Hz, 3H). ¹³CNMR (101 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 175.2, 108.1, 64.3, 60.3, 41.6, 33.8,26.3, 14.3.

Step 2: Preparation of ethyl8-formyl-1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decane-8-carboxylate

To a −78° C. solution of ethyl 1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decane-8-carboxylate(32.31 g, 151 mmol) in THF (250 mL) was added a solution of 2M lithiumdiisopropylamide (98 mL, 196 mmol) in THF via a cannula over 5 mins. Theresulting brown solution was stirred at −78° C. After 1 h, the cold bathwas replaced with an ice bath and the reaction mixture was stirred at 0°C. for 1 h. The reaction mixture was again chilled to −78° C. andtreated with a solution of ethyl formate (18.65 mL, 226 mmol) in THF (40mL) added dropwise over 45 min. The resulting light brown reactionmixture was stirred at −78° C. for 1 h. The cold bath was removed and tothe mixture was added dropwise saturated aqueous NH₄Cl (250 mL) and themixture stirred at ambient temperature for 30 min. The resulting yellowmixture was extracted with EtOAc (3×300 mL). The combined organic phasewas washed with 0.5N HCl (300 mL), then with brine, dried over MgSO₄,filtered and concentrated to a brown viscous oil. The crude material waspurified by flash column chromatography over silica gel (750 g silica,step elution 9:1 hexanes/EtOAc and 5:1 hexanes/EtOAc) to providerecovered starting material, ethyl1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decane-8-carboxylate (8.6 g, 40.1 mmol, 26.6% yield)and the desired product, ethyl8-formyl-1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decane-8-carboxylate (20.1 g, 83 mmol, 55.0%yield), both as viscous yellow oils. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ9.50 (s, 1H), 4.17 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 3.94-3.86 (m, 4H), 2.24-2.09 (m,2H), 2.01 (ddd, J=13.5, 8.3, 5.1 Hz, 2H), 1.75-1.48 (m, 4H), 1.23 (t,J=7.2 Hz, 3H).

Step 3: Preparation of ethyl8-(hydroxymethyl)-1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decane-8-carboxylate

To a 0° C. solution of ethyl8-formyl-1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decane-8-carboxylate (28.9 g, 119 mmol) inethanol (300 mL) was added sodium borohydride (5.30 g, 137 mmol) and theresulting mixture was stirred at 0° C. After 3 h, the reaction mixturewas quenched with saturated aqueous NH₄Cl (200 mL) added dropwise via adropping funnel. The ice bath was removed and the resulting slurry wastreated slowly with H₂O (150 mL). The resulting mixture was filtered toremove a small amount of white solid. The liquid filtrate wasconcentrated to remove most of the organic solvent, and the remainderwas extracted with EtOAc (4×250 mL). The combined organic phase waswashed with brine, dried over MgSO₄, filtered, concentrated and driedunder reduced pressure to give ethyl8-(hydroxymethyl)-1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decane-8-carboxylate (27.7 g, 113mmol, 95% yield) as a clear viscous oil. The material from thisexperiment was used directly in the next step without furtherpurification. In a separate experiment the crude material was purifiedby flash column chromatography (SiO₂, elution 3:1 hexanes:EtOAc) to giveethyl 8-(hydroxymethyl)-1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decane-8-carboxylate in 91%yield. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 4.18 (q, J=7.1 Hz, 2H),3.98-3.87 (m, 4H), 3.61 (d, J=6.1 Hz, 2H), 2.23 (br. s., 1H), 2.17-2.07(m, 2H), 1.72-1.51 (m, 6H), 1.32-1.20 (m, 3H).

Step 4. Preparation of benzyl8-(hydroxymethyl)-1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decane-8-carboxylate

To a solution of ethyl8-(hydroxymethyl)-1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decane-8-carboxylate (27.6 g, 113mmol) in THF (150 mL) and MeOH (50 mL) was added a solution of 3Naqueous lithium hydroxide (45.2 mL, 136 mmol) and the mixture was heatedto 60° C. with stirring for 17 h. Additional 3N aqueous lithiumhydroxide (30.1 mL, 90 mmol) was then added and the mixture was heatedto 60° C. for an additional 14 h. The reaction mixture was concentratedand dried under reduced pressure to give a residue containing thecorresponding carboxylate (24.5 g, 107 mmol) which was used withoutfurther purification. To this residue in DMF (200 mL) was added benzylbromide (12.98 mL, 107 mmol) and the resulting mixture was stirred at rtfor 17 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated to about half of theoriginal volume, diluted with EtOAc (250 mL) and washed with 1N HCl (200mL). The aqueous phase was extracted with 3×250 mL EtOAc. The combinedorganic phase was washed with H₂O (100 mL), brine, dried over MgSO₄,filtered and concentrated to a light yellow viscous oil. The crudematerial was purified by flash column chromatography (SiO₂, elution stepgradient 70:30 hex:EtOAc then 1:1 hex:EtOAc) and dried under reducedpressure to give benzyl8-(hydroxymethyl)-1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decane-8-carboxylate (23.1 g, 71.6mmol, 63% yield over 3 steps). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ7.40-7.28 (m, 5H), 5.16 (s, 2H), 3.91 (s, 4H), 3.64 (s, 2H), 2.34 (br.s., 1H), 2.22-2.12 (m, 2H), 1.70-1.63 (m, 4H), 1.62-1.54 (m, 2H). ¹³CNMR (101 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 175.3, 135.8, 128.5 (s, 2C), 128.1, 127.8,108.3, 68.5, 66.4, 64.2, 64.1, 48.1, 31.3, 27.9.

Step 5. Preparation of benzyl8-((((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)oxy)methyl)-1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decane-8-carboxylate

In a 500 mL round bottom flask were combined benzyl8-(hydroxymethyl)-1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decane-8-carboxylate (14.9 g, 48.6mmol) with dry DCM (250 mL). The solution was chilled in an ice/acetonebath to approx −10° C. and to it was added pyridine (5.31 mL, 65.7 mmol)followed by the dropwise addition of Tf₂O (11.09 mL, 65.7 mmol) over 30min. The slightly yellow suspension was stirred at 0° C. (ice waterbath) for 1.5 h. The resulting deep orange mixture with significantsuspended solids was concentrated under reduced pressure to leave aresidue that was put under vacuum to remove excess triflic anhydride,then the residue was redissolved in DCM (150 mL). The mixture wasfiltered to remove a significant quantity of white solid which wasrinsed with DCM. The deep reddish/orange filtrate was concentrated andpurified by flash silica gel column chromatography (330 g silica,elution 100% DCM). Product fractions were combined and concentrated to athick orange oil which was placed under high vacuum with stirringovernight. The color turned to blue/green. Thus was obtained the desiredproduct (20.94 g, 98% yield) as a blue/green viscous oil. ¹H NMR (400MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.48-7.30 (m, 5H), 5.21 (s, 2H), 4.53 (s, 2H),4.04-3.87 (m, 4H), 2.30-2.14 (m, 2H), 1.76-1.56 (m, 6H). ¹⁹F NMR (376MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ −74.39 (s, 1F).

Step 6. Preparation of benzyl8-(fluoromethyl)-1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decane-8-carboxylate

In a 500 mL round bottom flask under nitrogen atmosphere were combinedbenzyl8-((((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)oxy)methyl)-1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decane-8-carboxylate(20.76 g, 47.4 mmol) with anhydrous THF (150 mL) which was introducedvia cannula. To the blue solution was added dropwise via addition funnelTBAF, 1.0M in THF (71.0 mL, 71.0 mmol) dropwise over 15 min. The mixtureimmediately turned canary yellow when TBAF was added. The mixture wasstirred at rt for 1 h. The crude mixture was concentrated to leave athick oil which was diluted with ethyl acetate (700 mL) and washed withwater (2×250 mL) and with brine (100 mL). The organic phase was driedover MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated to a thick yellow residue.Purification by flash silica gel column chromatography (330 g silica,elution gradient 100% hexanes to 2:1 hexanes:EtOAc) gave the desiredproduct as a yellow oil (13.73 g, 94% yield). LCMS: m/e 309.2 (M+H)⁺,1.27 min (method 6). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.44-7.31 (m, 5H),5.21 (s, 2H), 4.45 (d, J=47.2 Hz, 2H), 4.01-3.89 (m, 4H), 2.28-2.16 (m,2H), 1.75-1.55 (m, 6H). ¹⁹F NMR (376 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ −223.25 (t,J=46.8 Hz, 1F).

Step 7. In a 2 L round bottom flask cooled in an ice bath were combinedbenzyl 8-(fluoromethyl)-1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decane-8-carboxylate (13.72g, 44.5 mmol) with THF (500 mL) and then hydrochloric acid, 1.5M aqueous(534 mL, 801 mmol) was added slowly over 2 min. The ice bath was removedand the mixture was stirred at rt for 15 h. The mixture was concentratedunder reduced pressure to remove the organic and the remnant wasextracted with ethyl acetate (300 mL). The ethyl acetate phase waswashed with water (2×200 mL) and with brine (50 mL). Concentration underreduced pressure provided the desired product (12.13 g, quantitative) asa yellow oil. LCMS: m/e 265.3 (M+H)⁺, 1.19 min (method 6). ¹H NMR (400MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.47-7.32 (m, 5H), 5.27 (s, 2H), 4.52 (d, J=47.2Hz, 2H), 2.57-2.42 (m, 4H), 2.42-2.31 (m, 2H), 1.87-1.76 (m, 2H). ¹⁹FNMR (376 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ −223.41 (t, J=46.8 Hz, 1F).

Method B

Step 1. Preparation of benzyl 2-(hydroxymethyl)acrylate

In a 1-L flask was placed benzyl acrylate (44.6 mL, 292 mmol), dioxane(290 mL), 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (32.7 g, 292 mmol) and water(270 mL). The mixture was vigorously stirred at RT forming an emulsion.To the stirring mixture was added an aqueous solution of formaldehyde(37%, 23.9 mL, 321 mmol) and the stirring was continued for 14 hours atRT. The crude reaction mixture was extracted with methylene chloride(3×150 mL). The organic layers were separated, combined and washed witha 50:50 mixture of saturated aqueous ammonium chloride and HCl (0.2 N).Evaporation and concentration under reduced pressure (2 cm Hg) at 45° C.gave 49.1 g of a free flowing syrup. The crude product was purified on asilica gel column eluted with a gradient mixture of EtOAc/Hexanes togive the title compound as a clear colorless syrup (27 g, 141 mmol,48%). LCMS: m/e 193.05 (M+H)⁺, 1.78 min (Method 1). ¹H NMR (500 MHz,CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.50-7.30 (m, 5H), 6.34 (s, 1H), 5.89 (s, 1H), 5.25 (s,2H), 4.38 (d, J=6.4 Hz, 2H), 2.20 (t, J=6.6 Hz, 1H); ¹³C NMR (126 MHz,CHLOROFORM-d) δ 166.1, 139.3, 135.7, 128.7, 128.4, 128.2, 126.2, 66.6,62.7.

Step 2. Preparation of benzyl 2-(fluoromethyl)acrylate

Benzyl 2-(hydroxymethyl)acrylate (13.7 g, 71.3 mmol) was dissolved indry methylene chloride (100 mL) under nitrogen and the mixture wascooled at −78° C. To this stirring solution and using a polyethylenepipette, was added diethylaminosulfur trifluoride (DAST, 13.0 mL, 98mmol) in 4 portions over a period of 5 minutes. A pale orange solutionwas formed. Once addition was complete, the dry-ice bath was removed andthe reaction temperature was allowed to rise to RT. Stirring continuedat RT for a total of 4 hours. The reaction mixture was transferreddropwise, into a chilled (˜4° C.) 50:50 mixture of saturated aqueoussodium bicarbonate and water. Once all of the crude reaction mixture wastransferred, it was extracted with BHT-stabilized ether (3×150 mL). Theorganic layers were combined, and washed once with water (50 mL). Thesolvent from the organic phase was removed under reduced pressure atsub-ambient temperature (˜15° C.) to constant weight (14.2 g, quant.).The crude material was used immediately in the next step. ¹H NMR (500MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.44-7.34 (m, 5H), 6.49-6.43 (m, 1H), 5.99 (dt,J=2.8, 1.5 Hz, 1H), 5.26 (s, 2H), 5.13 (d, J=46.5 Hz, 2H); ¹⁹F NMR (470MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ −220.91 (t, J=46.2 Hz).

Step 3—Preparation of benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((trimethylsilyl)oxy)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

To a 500 mL resealable pressure vessel was added the crude startingmaterial benzyl 2-(fluoromethyl)acrylate (14.2 g, 73.1 mmol) and(buta-1,3-dien-2-yloxy)trimethylsilane (Sigma Aldrich material used assupplied, 18.73 g, 132 mmol) in toluene (200 mL). The vessel wasevacuated to 80 micron Hg at −78° C., followed by purging with nitrogen.The process was repeated twice. The flask was sealed, and warmed to RTbefore it was immersed into an oil bath at 125° C. for 22 hours. Themixture was allowed to cool to RT. A small aliquot (25 μL) was removedfrom the crude reaction, vacuum-dried at RT for NMR analyses in ¹H and¹⁹F. The NMR results were consistent with the formation of the titlecompound and small amount of the corresponding Diels-Alder regioisomer.¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.43-7.29 (m, 5H), 5.18 (s, 2H), 4.80(d, J=3.0 Hz, 1H), 4.52 (dq, J=46.9, 8.4 Hz, 2H), 2.65-2.49 (m, 1H),2.21-2.00 (m, 4H), 1.92-1.78 (m, 1H), 0.24-0.12 (m, 9H); ¹⁹F NMR (376MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ −224.76 (t, J=47.7 Hz, 1F) and a minor ¹⁹F NMR (376MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ −225.20 (t, J=46.8 Hz, 0.06F). The crude materialwas evaporated and dried under vacuum (20 micron Hg) at ˜35° C. untilconstant weight (24.6 g, quant.). This crude material was used in thenext step as is without further purification.

Step 4. The crude material from the previous step (24.6 gm, 73 mmol) wasdissolved in THF (200 mL) at RT to form a clear solution. Aqueous 1N HCl(2 mL, 2 mmol) and water 4 mL were added. The clear solution was stirredat RT for a total of 16 hours. The crude reaction mixture was quenchedwith 150 mL of a 50:50 mixture of saturated aqueous ammonium sodiumbicarbonate and water. The organic layer was extracted with EtOAc (3×75mL). The organic layers were combined, and evaporated to dryness to give18.8 g of a thick syrup. The crude residue was purified using a 330 gsilica gel column eluted with a gradient mixture of 0 to 25% v/v ofethyl acetate in hexanes, in ˜25 column volumes to render the titlecompound (15.6 g, 81.0%). LCMS: m/e 265.15 (M+H)⁺, 1.60 min (Method 3).¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.50-7.30 (m, 5H), 5.26 (s, 2H), 4.43(d, J=46.9 Hz, 2H), 2.54-2.29 (m, 6H), 1.90-1.71 (m, 2H); ¹⁹F NMR (376MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ −223.47 (t, J=46.8 Hz, 1F).

Preparation of (R)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylateand (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

Step 1. Preparation of benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-(((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)oxy)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

In a 500 mL round bottom flask were combined benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-oxocyclohexanecarboxylate (12.65 g, 47.9 mmol) andN,N-bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)aniline (18.81 g, 52.7 mmol) inanhydrous tetrahydrofuran (250 mL). The solution was cooled to −78° C.in a dry ice/acetone bath. To the cold solution was added dropwisepotassium hexamethyldisilazide, 0.5M in toluene (105 mL, 52.7 mmol) over30 min. The mixture was stirred at −78° C. for a total of 2.5 h and wasthen lifted out of the cold bath and stirred for an additional 20 min atrt. The mixture was placed back in the −78° C. bath and to it was addedwith stirring 125 mL of saturated aqueous ammonium chloride. Theresulting suspension was removed from the cold bath and allowed to cometo rt while stirring. The mixture was concentrated under reducedpressure to remove the organic solvent, then to the mixture was addedethyl acetate (600 mL) and water (300 mL) and the mixture was shaken andthe phases were separated. The organic layer was washed with water(2×200 mL) and with brine (50 mL). The organic layer was dried overMgSO₄, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to leave ayellow/orange oil. The crude residue was purified by flash silica gelcolumn chromatography (800 g silica, elution isocratic 3:2 hexanes:DCM).Product fractions were combined and concentrated under reduced pressureto give the desired product (17.43 g, 92% yield) as a very slightlyyellow oil. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.43-7.31 (m, 5H), 5.78(br. s., 1H), 5.26-5.15 (m, 2H), 4.52 (dm, J=46.7 Hz, 2H), 2.78 (d,J=16.9 Hz, 1H), 2.52-2.33 (m, 2H), 2.33-2.17 (m, 2H), 1.94 (dt, J=13.8,6.9 Hz, 1H). ¹⁹F NMR (376 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ −73.88 (s, 1F), −225.02(t, J=46.8 Hz, 1F).

Step 2. Preparation of benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

In a 500 mL round bottom flask were combined benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-(((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)oxy)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(17.42 g, 44.0 mmol), potassium acetate (0.030 g, 0.307 mmol),4,4,4′,4′,5,5,5′,5′-octamethyl-2,2′-bi(1,3,2-dioxaborolane) (11.72 g,46.1 mmol), 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocenepalladium(II) dichloride(3.03 mg, 3.69 μmol) and anhydrous dioxane (200 mL). The flask wasplaced under a nitrogen atmosphere and heated to 70° C. After 5 h, themixture was allowed to cool to rt and stood overnight. The reactionmixture was concentrated under reduced pressure and the crude deep redresidue was diluted with ethyl acetate (600 mL) and water (300 mL). Themixture was shaken and phases were separated. The organic was washedwith water (250 mL) and then with brine (100 mL). The organic phase wasdried over anhydrous MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated under reducedpressure to a deep red viscous oil. Purification of the crude mixture byflash silica gel column chromatography (800 g silica; step elution 1:3hexanes:DCM for 4 L, then 100% DCM for 5 L. 2 g of material from themixed fractions from the first purification were repurified over 80 g ofsilica gel, elution gradient 100% hexanes to 100% DC,) to give thedesired product as a colorless thick oil (13.06 g, 79.4% yield). LCMS:m/e 375.3 (M+H)⁺, 1.52 min (method 6). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ7.44-7.30 (m, 5H), 6.54 (br. s., 1H), 5.25-5.11 (m, 2H), 4.51 (dm,J=47.4 Hz, 2H), 2.67 (d, J=19.3 Hz, 1H), 2.29-2.10 (m, 3H), 2.02-1.89(m, 1H), 1.86-1.74 (m, 1H), 1.28 (s, 12H). ¹⁹F NMR (376 MHz,CHLOROFORM-d) δ −225.62 (t, J=45.1 Hz, 1F).

Step 3. Racemic benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(11.15 g, 0.0298 mmol) was purified by supercritical fluidchromatography (SFC Method 1) to provide the separated single isomertitle compounds: (R)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate.This was the first isomer to elute from the SFC chiral separation. Theproduct was isolated as a yellow oil (5.45 g, 98% SFC recovery, 99.2%chiral purity). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.42-7.30 (m, 5H), 6.54(br. s., 1H), 5.24-5.12 (m, 2H), 4.51 (dm, J=47.2 Hz, 2H), 2.67 (d,J=19.3 Hz, 1H), 2.27-2.10 (m, 3H), 2.00-1.90 (m, 1H), 1.85-1.75 (m, 1H),1.28 (s, 12H). ¹⁹F NMR (376 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ −225.62 (t, J=46.8 Hz,1F).

(S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate.This was the second isomer to elute from the SFC chiral separation. Theproduct was isolated as a yellow oil (4.94 g, 89% SFC recovery, 99.3%chiral purity). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.43-7.31 (m, 5H), 6.54(br. s., 1H), 5.24-5.13 (m, 2H), 4.52 (dm, J=47.2 Hz, 2H), 2.68 (d,J=19.3 Hz, 1H), 2.27-2.10 (m, 3H), 2.01-1.90 (m, 1H), 1.85-1.75 (m, 1H),1.28 (s, 12H). ¹⁹F NMR (376 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ −225.61 (t, J=48.6 Hz,1F).

Preparation of 4-(2-bromoethyl)tetrahydro-2H-thiopyran 1,1-dioxide

Step 1 Preparation of ethyl2-(dihydro-2H-thiopyran-4(3H)-ylidene)acetate

The title intermediate was prepared in accordance with that reported byLammek, Derdowska and Rekowski in Polish Journal of Chemistry 64, 351(1990).

Step 2: Preparation of ethyl 2-(tetrahydro-2H-thiopyran-4-yl)acetate

The title intermediate was prepared in accordance with that published inPCT WO 00/44713 in 64% yield in two steps (1 and 2).

Step 3: Preparation of 2-(tetrahydro-2H-thiopyran-4-yl)ethanol

To a chilled (iced bath, 0° C.) solution of ethyl2-(tetrahydro-2H-thiopyran-4-yl)acetate (6.4 g, 34.0 mmol) in diethylether (100 mL) in a 500 mL flask was added dropwise a stock, 1M solutionof lithium aluminum hydride (34.0 mL, 34.0 mmol) in THF. A turbidsuspension was formed initially and evolution of hydrogen gas wasobserved. The reaction mixture became clear when about ⅔ of the LiAlH₄reagent was added. The iced bath was removed and the reaction mixturewas allowed to warm to ambient temperature (˜19-21° C.) for 4 hours. Thereaction was quenched with a half-saturated NH₄Cl solution in 0.5N HCldropwise until a freely stirred, white suspension was formed. The solidwas removed by filtration and washed with additional solvent. Thefiltrate and the wash were combined and concentrated under vacuum togive the title intermediate (4.9 gm 99%). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d)δ 3.71 (t, J=6.4 Hz, 2H), 2.78-2.53 (m, 4H), 2.03 (d, J=13.3 Hz, 2H),1.52 (dd, J=6.8, 3.3 Hz, 3H), 1.46-1.33 (m, 2H).

Step 4: Preparation of 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)tetrahydro-2H-thiopyran1,1-dioxide

To a solution of 2-(tetrahydro-2H-thiopyran-4-yl)ethanol (182 mg, 1.244mmol) in acetone (3 mL) at room temperature, was added a suspension ofOxone® (1.53 gm, 2.5 mmol) in water (7 mL). A mild exotherm was detectedand stirring was continued at room temperature for 2 hours. The crudereaction suspension was extracted with ethyl acetate (3×20 mL). Theorganic layers were combined and concentrated under vacuum to render athick syrup containing the title compound (66 mg 29.8%). ¹H NMR (400MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 3.74 (t, J=6.3 Hz, 2H), 3.12-2.92 (m, 4H), 2.15(dd, J=13.8, 2.5 Hz, 2H), 1.96-1.84 (m, 2H), 1.84-1.73 (m, 1H), 1.61 (q,J=6.4 Hz, 2H)

Step 5: Preparation of 2-(1,1-dioxidotetrahydro-2H-thiopyran-4-yl)ethylmethanesulfonate

A solution of 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)tetrahydro-2H-thiopyran 1,1-dioxide (30mg, 0.168 mmol) in DCM (1 mL) was cooled in an iced bath under nitrogen.DIPEA (0.088 ml, 0.505 mmol) was added, followed by methanesulfonylchloride (0.020 ml, 0.252 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 0°C. for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was diluted with water (2 mL)and extracted with DCM (3×5 mL). The combined organic layers were washedwith brine (5 mL), dried over Na₂SO₄ and concentrated under reducedpressure. The crude product was purified by flash chromatography onsilica gel column eluted with 50-100% EtOAc/Hexane using ELS detector togive the desired compound as an oil (37 mg, 86%). LCMS m/e 257.10(M+H)⁺, 1.086 min (method 3). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 4.29 (t,J=5.9 Hz, 2H), 3.03 (s, 3H), 3.11-2.94 (m, 4H), 2.14 (dt, J=14.2, 1.2Hz, 2H), 1.98-1.73 (m, 5H).

Step 6: Preparation of 4-(2-bromoethyl)tetrahydro-2H-thiopyran1,1-dioxide

To a solution of 2-(1,1-dioxidotetrahydro-2H-thiopyran-4-yl)ethylmethanesulfonate (37 mg, 0.144 mmol) in THF (2 mL) was added lithiumbromide (37.6 mg, 0.433 mmol). The mixture was stirred at roomtemperature for 18 h. The solvent was removed and the residue wasdissolved in DCM (20 mL) and washed with brine (20 mL). The aqueouslayer was extracted with DCM (2×20 mL). The combined DCM layers weredried over Na₂SO₄ and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crudeproduct was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel column elutedwith 40-75% EtOAc/Hexane using ELS detector to give the desired productas a solid (30 mg, 86%). LCMS m/e 241.05 (M+H)⁺, 1.5 minutes (method 3).¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 3.46 (t, J=6.4 Hz, 2H), 3.12-2.94 (m,4H), 2.17-2.07 (m, 2H), 1.96-1.80 (m, 5H).

Preparation of 4-(1-amino-2-methylpropan-2-yl)thiomorpholine 1,1-dioxide

Step 1: Preparation of N-(2-amino-2-methylpropyl)acetamide

The title intermediate was prepared in accordance with the procedurespublished in U.S. Pat. No. 4,906,661, in 82%. ¹H NMR (500 MHz,CHLOROFORM-d) δ 6.01 (br. s., 1H), 3.15 (d, J=5.8 Hz, 2H), 2.04 (s, 3H),1.14 (s, 6H).

Step 2: Preparation ofN-(2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino-2-methylpropyl)acetamide

To a solution of N-(2-amino-2-methylpropyl)acetamide (2.3 g, 17.67 mmol)in 2-propanol (28 mL) was added (vinylsulfonyl)ethene (2.3 g, 19.47mmol) in a resealable pressure vessel. It was flushed with nitrogen andheated at 100° C. for 4 hours. After cooling to room temperature, asolid started to separate. The solid was filtered, washed withisopropanol and dried to give the desired product (2.7 gm, 61.5%). ¹HNMR (500 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 5.73 (br. s., 1H), 3.28 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 2H),3.12-3.00 (m, 8H), 2.04 (s, 3H), 1.15-1.10 (m, 6H).

Step 3: Preparation of 4-(1-amino-2-methylpropan-2-yl)thiomorpholine1,1-dioxide

A solution of N-(2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)-2-methylpropyl)acetamide(100 mg, 0.403 mmol) in MeOH (2 mL) was added 1N NaOH (2.013 ml, 2.013mmol) and the mixture was stirred at 70° C. for 18 h. Additional NaOH(2.013 ml, 2.013 mmol) was added and the solution was stirred at 90° C.for 24 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressureto remove MeOH, and the residue was extracted with EtOAc (2×20 mL). Thecombined organic layers were dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered andconcentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified byflash chromatography on silica gel column eluted with 5-10% MeOH/CH₂Cl₂using ELS detector to give the desired product as an oil in quantitativeyield. LCMS m/e 207.20 (M+H)⁺, 0.268 minutes (method 3). ¹H NMR (400MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 3.07 (s, 8H), 2.71 (s, 2H), 1.11 (s, 6H).

Example 1 Preparation of Diastereomeric (1R)- and(1S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(4-(methylsulfonyl)piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1. Preparation of ethyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(4-(methylsulfonyl)piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

A mixture of(1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aR,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(4-(methylsulfonyl)piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yltrifluoromethanesulfonate (240 mg, 0.321 mmol) (prepared as described inWO2013123019), racemic ethyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(91 mg, 0.291 mmol), sodium carbonate hydrate (108 mg, 0.874 mmol) andpalladium tetrakis (20.21 mg, 0.017 mmol) was dissolved in dioxane (4mL) under nitrogen. An orange solution was formed, which upon additionof water (1 mL) turned into a very pale yellow suspension. The mixturewas chilled to −78° C. and evacuation/purging cycles were performed 3times. The flask was immersed in an oil bath heated at 85° C. for atotal of two hours. The resulting black suspension was diluted withethyl acetate (20 mL) and washed with water (30 mL). The organic phasewas collected and dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentratedunder reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by flashchromatography to yield a white solid (180 mg, 79%). MS: m/e 783.47(M+H)⁺, 2.36 min (method 1) ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 5.32 (d,J=3.5 Hz, 1H), 5.18 (d, J=5.5 Hz, 1H), 4.75 (d, J=1.5 Hz, 1H), 4.62 (s,1H), 4.58-4.37 (m, 2H), 4.25-4.15 (m, 2H), 3.24-2.41 (m, 14H), 2.27-1.76(m, 20H), 1.70 (s, 3H), 1.64-1.31 (m, 13H), 1.10-1.04 (m, 5H), 1.00-0.88(m, 8H), 0.85 (s, 3H). ¹⁹F NMR (376 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ −225.42 (s, 1F)

Step 2. NaOH (1N, 2 mL, 2.0 mmol) was added to a solution of ethyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(4-(methylsulfonyl)piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(180 mg, 0.230 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (4 mL) and MeOH (2 mL). The mixturewas stirred at 66° C. for 2 h, forming a clear solution. The crudereaction mixture was purified by preparative HPLC (Xbridge OBD prepshield RP C18 19×100 mm) (MeCN/H₂O/AcONH₄) to give1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(4-(methylsulfonyl)piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid as a white solid (29 mg, 16.7%). MS: m/e 755.50 (M+H)⁺, 2.548 min(method 4) ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 5.34 (br. s., 1H), 5.19 (br.s., 1H), 4.74 (br. s., 1H), 4.61-4.49 (m, 3H), 3.18 (d, J=10.5 Hz, 2H),2.97-2.40 (m, 12H), 2.35-1.78 (m, 14H), 1.73-1.60 (m, 6H), 1.58-1.17 (m,11H), 1.13 (br. s., 3H), 1.08 (m, 4H), 1.01-0.90 (m, 8H), 0.86 (br. s.,3H). ¹⁹F NMR (376 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ −217.84-−231.26 (m, 1F)

Preparation of Examples 1a and 1b HPLC Separation of Example 1 into(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(4-(methylsulfonyl)piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid (Example 1a) and(R)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(4-(methylsulfonyl)piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid (Example 1b)

The two diasteroisomers were separated using preparative HPLC (method17). The first product to elute was identified as(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(4-(methylsulfonyl)piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid (Example 1a) (white solid, 18 mg, 29.6%). MS: m/e 755.55 (M+H)⁺,2.620 min (method 4). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, METHANOL-d₄) δ 5.35 (br. s., 1H),5.21 (d, J=4.8 Hz, 1H), 4.85 (s, 1H), 4.74 (s, 1H), 4.63-4.39 (m, 2H),3.51-3.43 (m, 1H), 3.41-3.37 (m, 3H), 3.28 (d, J=4.0 Hz, 1H), 3.20 (d,J=10.0 Hz, 1H), 3.10 (br. s., 1H), 3.02-2.96 (m, 3H), 2.85-2.68 (m, 2H),2.63-2.51 (m, 2H), 2.35-1.78 (m, 16H), 1.77 (s, 3H), 1.74-1.28 (m, 15H),1.21 (s, 3H), 1.11 (s, 3H), 0.99 (s, 3H), 0.97 (s, 3H), 0.93 (s, 3H).¹⁹F NMR (376 MHz, METHANOL-d₄) δ −227.00 (s, 1F).

The second compound isolated was identified as:(R)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(4-(methylsulfonyl)piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid, (Example 1b), (white solid, 20 mg, 32.8%) MS: m/e 755.55 (M+H)⁺,2.626 min (method 4) ¹H NMR (400 MHz, METHANOL-d₄) δ 5.35 (br. s., 1H),5.21 (d, J=4.5 Hz, 1H), 4.85 (br. s., 1H), 4.75 (s, 1H), 4.61-4.36 (m,2H), 3.38-3.19 (m, 6H), 3.05 (m, 1H), 2.98 (s, 3H), 2.89 (d, J=7.8 Hz,1H), 2.82-2.70 (m, 1H), 2.67-2.50 (m, 2H), 2.45-1.97 (m, 14H), 1.92-1.80(m, 3H), 1.78 (s, 3H), 1.73-1.28 (m, 14H), 1.21 (br. s., 3H), 1.14-1.08(m, 3H), 1.01-0.99 (m, 3H), 0.97-0.94 (m, 3H), 0.93 (s, 3H). ¹⁹F NMR(376 MHz, METHANOL-d₄) δ −227.04 (s, 1F).

Alternative preparation method for Example 1a:(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(4-(methylsulfonyl)piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid bis hydrochloride salt

Step 1. Preparation of (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(4-(methylsulfonyl)piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

In a 350 mL glass pressure vessel with threaded stopper were combined(1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aR,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(4-(methylsulfonyl)piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yltrifluoromethanesulfonate (9.00 g, 12.05 mmol), (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(4.96 g, 13.25 mmol) andchloro(2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2′,4′,6′-triisopropyl-1,1′-biphenyl)[2-(2′-amino-1,1′-biphenyl)]palladium(II)(X-Phos aminobiphenyl palladium chloride precatalyst, XPhos-Pd-G2, 0.569g, 0.723 mmol). The vessel was purged with nitrogen, and to the reactionflask was added anhydrous THF (180 mL). A freshly prepared aqueous 0.5MK₃PO₄ solution was purged with nitrogen gas and added to the vessel(60.2 mL, 30.1 mmol). The vessel was sealed and the resulting yellowsolution was stirred at 80° C. The color of the mixture darkened to avery deep green over 30 min. The mixture was heated for 18 h. The olivegreen colored reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc (700 mL) andwashed with 5% aqueous sodium bicarbonate (250 mL×2) and then with brine(100 mL). The aqueous phase was extracted with 2×100 mL of chloroformand the organic phases were combined, dried over MgSO₄, filtered andconcentrated to a yellow foam solid. The crude material was purified byflash column chromatography (800 g silica, step elution 3:1hexanes:acetone for 8 L, then 1:1 hexanes:acetone for 4 L). Mixedfractions from the first chromatography (1.0 g of material) wererepurified by flash silica chromatography (80 g silica, elution gradient100% hexanes to 3:1 hexanes:acetone over 8 column volumes, hold 3:1hexanes:acetone for 10 column volumes). Thus was obtained the desiredmaterial (7.18 g, 70.5% yield) as a yellow foamy solid. LCMS: m/e 845.6(M+H)⁺, 1.57 min (method 6). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.41-7.31(m, 5H), 5.32 (s, 2H), 5.23-5.15 (m, 2H), 5.13 (dd, J=6.0, 1.6 Hz, 1H),4.73 (d, J=2.2 Hz, 1H), 4.64-4.44 (m, 3H), 3.13 (dd, J=15.4, 13.0 Hz,2H), 2.89-2.78 (m, 4H), 2.68-2.53 (m, 4H), 2.52-2.41 (m, 2H), 2.21-1.16(m, 31H), 1.13-0.99 (m, 7H), 0.97 (s, 3H), 0.91 (s, 3H), 0.90 (s, 3H),0.85 (s, 3H). ¹⁹F NMR (376 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ −225.07 (t, J=46.8 Hz,1F).

Step 2. Preparation of(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(4-(methylsulfonyl)piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

In a 500 mL round bottom flask were combined (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(4-(methylsulfonyl)piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(7.17 g, 8.48 mmol) with lithium hydroxide, 1.0M aqueous (42.4 mL, 42.4mmol) and tetrahydrofuran (50 mL) and MeOH (50 mL). The mixture washeated to 75° C. for 2.5 h. The nearly black mixture was concentratedunder reduced pressure to leave a solid residue. The residue wasredissolved in a mixture of acetonitrile (50 mL) and chloroform (50 mL)and the black solution was treated dropwise with trifluoroacetic acid(6.54 mL, 85 mmol). The mixture was then concentrated under reducedpressure to leave a two-phase mixture (black oil with clear liquidfloating above). This mixture was diluted with acetonitrile:chloroform(150 mL) and concentrated under reduced pressure again. Thisdissolution/reconcentration was repeated once more to give a black oilwhich was placed under high vacuum overnight. The black oil solidifiedovernight to a foam. The crude black solid was dissolved in a mixture ofchloroform (20 mL) and acetone (5 mL) and was loaded onto a short columncomposed of silica (approx 60 g) with celite on top (approx 25 g).Elution with 1:1 acetone:chloroform (500 mL) followed by 3:1acetone:chloroform (1000 mL) removed the black color, and product elutedas a yellow band. Product fractions were combined and concentrated underreduced pressure to a leave hygroscopic yellow foam solid (16 g). Aportion of this solid (approx 1.4 g) was readily dissolved in 5 mL of80:20 acetonitrile:water and loaded onto a 130 g Isco Redisep Rf GoldC18 cartridge. Solvent A=90% water, 10% acetonitrile, 0.1% TFA. SolventB=10% water, 90% acetonitrile, 0.1% TFA. Elution gradient 30-100% B over8 column volumes, then hold 100% B for 8 column volumes. Concentrationunder reduced pressure of the product-containing fractions afforded aclean white powder. This pure material was set aside as Batch 1. Theremainder of the crude material (approx 14.5 g) was readily dissolved in20 mL of an 80:20 mixture of acetonitrile:water. This crude material waspurified by reverse phase preparative HPLC in 9 injections using prepHPLC method 1. The pure material obtained in this manner was combinedwith the previously obtained Batch 1 pure material to give 6.32 g ofclean white powder (Batch 2) along with slightly impure material (1.40g) from mixed fractions. The mixed fractions material (1.40 g) wasloaded in minimum 80:20 acetonitrile:water onto a 130 g Isco Redisep RfGold C18 cartridge. Solvent A=90% water, 10% acetonitrile, 0.1% TFA.Solvent B=10% water, 90% acetonitrile, 0.1% TFA. Elution gradient30-100% B over 10 column volumes, then hold 100% B for 4 column volumes.Concentration under reduced pressure of the product-containing fractionsafforded a clean white foam (1.17 g). This material was combined withthe clean Batch 2 material to provide the title compound as the TFA salt(7.41 g, 89% yield, white foam). LCMS: m/e 755.6 (M+H)⁺, 1.29 min(method 6). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, Acetic) δ 5.39 (br. s., 1H), 5.24 (d, J=4.6Hz, 1H), 4.85 (s, 1H), 4.74 (s, 1H), 4.56 (dm, J=47.2 Hz, 2H), 3.93-3.65(m, 6H), 3.43 (tt, J=11.3, 3.9 Hz, 1H), 3.26 (t, J=12.3 Hz, 2H), 3.02(s, 3H), 2.86-2.73 (m, 1H), 2.61 (d, J=16.6 Hz, 1H), 2.43 (d, J=13.0 Hz,2H), 2.35-2.13 (m, 7H), 2.13-2.09 (m, 1H), 2.01-1.78 (m, 4H), 1.78-1.70(m, 4H), 1.69-1.45 (m, 9H), 1.45-1.27 (m, 3H), 1.24-1.12 (m, 5H), 1.10(s, 3H), 1.01 (s, 3H), 0.99 (s, 3H), 0.95 (s, 3H). ¹⁹F NMR (376 MHz,Acetic) δ −76.46 (s, 1F), −225.82 (t, J=46.8 Hz, 1F).

Step 3. In a 500 mL round bottom flask with magnetic stir bar werecombined acetonitrile (150 mL) with hydrochloric acid, 6.0M aqueous(37.1 mL, 223 mmol). To the rapidly stirred mixture was added via adropping funnel a solutionof(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(4-(methylsulfonyl)piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid, TFA salt (7.30 g, 7.42 mmol) dissolved in acetonitrile (60 mL).Almost immediately a white precipitate formed and became heavier as theaddition progressed. Addition was completed over 20 min total. The milkywhite suspension was stirred at rt for 1.25 h. The suspension waschilled in an ice bath and the very fine white solid thus produced wasisolated by filtration, rinsed with ice cold acetonitrile, allowed toair dry and then dried under high vacuum at rt. Thus was isolated thedesired product as a white powder (5.857 g, 95% yield). LCMS: m/e 755.5(M+H)⁺, 1.27 min (method 6). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, Acetic) δ 5.39 (br. s.,1H), 5.25 (d, J=4.6 Hz, 1H), 4.89 (s, 1H), 4.75 (s, 1H), 4.55 (dm,J=47.2 Hz, 2H), 4.13-3.87 (m, 4H), 3.82 (br. s., 2H), 3.55-3.42 (m, 2H),3.39 (br. s., 1H), 3.03 (s, 3H), 3.01-2.90 (m, 1H), 2.62 (d, J=17.9 Hz,1H), 2.55-2.43 (m, 2H), 2.43-2.14 (m, 8H), 1.95-1.79 (m, 3H), 1.79-1.71(m, 4H), 1.69-1.47 (m, 9H), 1.47-1.28 (m, 4H), 1.22 (s, 3H), 1.19-1.12(m, 2H), 1.10 (s, 3H), 1.01 (s, 3H), 0.99 (s, 3H), 0.96 (s, 3H). ¹⁹F NMR(376 MHz, Acetic) δ −225.81 (t, J=45.1 Hz, 1F).

Alternative method of preparation for Example 1b:

Preparation of(R)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(4-(methylsulfonyl)piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1. Preparation of (R)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

To a flask containing(1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aR,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yltrifluoromethanesulfonate (3.0 g, 5.38 mmol), (R)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(2.013 g, 5.38 mmol) (prepared as described in WO2013169578, andpotassium phosphate tribasic (3.43 g, 16.14 mmol) was added the secondgeneration Buchwald X-Phos precatalyst (0.042 g, 0.134 mmol). Themixture was diluted with THF (20 mL) and water (4 mL), flushed withnitrogen and heated to 50° C. After heating the mixture for 15.5 h, itwas cooled to rt and partially concentrated under reduced pressure. Themixture was diluted with water (75 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate(3×75 mL). The organic layers were dried over magnesium sulfate,filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue waspurified by flash chromatography using a 0-10% methanol indichloromethane gradient and a 220 g silica gel column to give the titleproduct (3.34 g, 95% yield) as an off-white foam. LCMS: m/e: 656.6(M+H)⁺, 2.30 min (method 1). ¹H NMR (500 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ=7.39-7.30(m, 5H), 5.32 (br. s., 1H), 5.21-5.15 (m, 2H), 5.11 (dd, J=6.1, 1.9 Hz,1H), 4.73 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 4.61 (dd, J=2.1, 1.3 Hz, 1H), 4.53 (dm,J=47.3 Hz, 2H), 2.64-2.51 (m, 2H), 2.23-1.93 (m, 7H), 1.70 (s, 3H), 1.07(s, 3H), 0.96 (s, 3H), 0.93 (s, 3H), 0.87 (s, 3H), 0.85 (s, 3H),1.85-0.83 (m, 22H).

Step 2. Preparation of (R)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(4-(methylsulfonyl)piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

To a sealable flask containing benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(3.34 g, 5.09 mmol) was added phosphoric acid, potassium salt (5.40 g,25.5 mmol), potassium iodide (0.930 g, 5.60 mmol), and1-(2-chloroethyl)-4-(methylsulfonyl)piperidine.HCl (4.01 g, 15.28 mmol).The mixture was diluted with acetonitrile (50 mL), flushed withnitrogen, then the flask was sealed and heated to 100° C. After 4 h ofheating, the mixture was cooled to rt and stirred overnight at rt. Themixture was diluted with 50 mL of acetonitrile and an additional 1 g of1-(2-chloroethyl)-4-(methylsulfonyl)piperidine.HCl was added. The flaskwas sealed and the mixture was heated to 100° C. for 2 h. The mixturewas cooled to rt and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residuewas diluted with water (75 mL) and extracted with dichloromethane (3×75mL). The combined organic layers were dried over sodium sulfate,filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue waspurified by flash chromatography using a 0-8% MeOH in dichloromethanegradient and a 220 g silica gel column. The fractions containing theproduct were combined and concentrated under reduced pressure. Theresidue was repurified by reverse phase chromatography (150 g C18column, 30-90% acetonitrile in water gradient with 0.1% TFA added) togive the TFA salt of the title product (3.17 g, 3.30 mmol, 64.9% yield)as a white foam. LCMS: m/e: 845.6 (M+H)⁺, 2.10 min (method 1). ¹H NMR(500 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ=7.39-7.30 (m, 5H), 5.32 (br. s., 1H),5.21-5.15 (m, 2H), 5.11 (dd, J=6.1, 1.7 Hz, 1H), 4.78 (s, 1H), 4.70 (s,1H), 4.53 (dm, J=47.1 Hz, 2H), 3.44-3.21 (m, 6H), 3.17-3.08 (m, 1H),3.05-2.97 (m, 1H), 2.90 (s, 3H), 2.79-2.57 (m, 4H), 1.69 (s, 3H), 1.12(s, 3H), 1.02 (s, 3H), 0.92 (s, 3H), 0.87 (s, 3H), 0.86 (s, 3H),2.37-0.83 (m, 31H).

Step 3. To a solution of (R)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(4-(methylsulfonyl)piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(3.17 g, 3.75 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (30 mL) and methanol (10 mL) wasadded NaOH (3N) (7.50 mL, 22.50 mmol) and the mixture was heated to 80°C. for 17 h. The mixture was cooled to rt and partially concentratedunder reduced pressure. The mixture was made acidic by adding 1N HCl,and the solids that formed were collected by filtration. To thecollected solid material was added 20 mL of water and 1N NaOH solution(9.38 mL, 9.38 mmol). The mixture was stirred for ten minutes, thenconcentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was diluted with water(20 mL) and acetonitrile (30 mL) and treated with TFA (1.445 mL, 18.75mmol). The mixture was then concentrated under reduced pressure and wasadsorbed to silica gel and purified using a 20-30% chloroform in acetonegradient and a 220 g silica gel column. The fractions containing theexpected product were combined and concentrated under reduced pressureto give the product as the TFA salt. To convert to the HCl salt, theresidue was diluted with 200 mL acetonitrile and 6N HCl solution (6.66mL, 40.0 mmol) was added. Solids formed and the mixture was diluted with20 mL of chloroform. The solids did not dissolve, so the mixture wasconcentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was diluted again withacetonitrile and chloroform and 6N HCl (6.66 mL, 40.0 mmol) was added.The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure and the procedurewas repeated a third time. The solids were then diluted withacetonitrile and heated to reflux, then were cooled to rt and collectedby filtration to give the HCl salt of the expected product. Since animpurity of ˜1.5% was still present, the mixture was reconverted to theTFA salt for purification by adding 20 mL of water and 1N NaOH (8.26 mL,8.26 mmol), stirring for several minutes, then concentrated underreduced pressure. The residue was then diluted with water (20 mL) andacetonitrile (30 mL) and was treated with TFA (1.273 mL, 16.52 mmol).The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure and was adsorbed tosilica gel and purified using a 20-30% chloroform in acetone gradientand a 220 g silica gel column. The fractions containing the titlecompound were combined and concentrated under reduced pressure to givethe product as the TFA salt. HPLC of the residue still showed minorimpurities present. The mixture was purified again using a 150 g C18column and a 30-90% acetonitrile in water gradient with 0.1% TFA added.The fractions containing the expected product were combined andconcentrated under reduced pressure to give the product as a whitesolid, the TFA salt of the title product. To convert to the HCl salt,the residue was dissolved in acetonitrile and was treated with 6N HClsolution (6.66 mL, 40.0 mmol), then was concentrated under reducedpressure. This process was repeated two additional times, then thesolids were diluted with acetonitrile, heated to reflux, cooled, andcollected by filtration to give(R)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(4-(methylsulfonyl)piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid, bis HCl salt (1.6 g, 1.859 mmol, 49.6% yield) as a white solid.LCMS: m/e: 755.5 (M+H)⁺, 1.69 min (method 1). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, Aceticacid-d₄) δ=5.37 (br. s., 1H), 5.22 (d, J=4.8 Hz, 1H), 4.86 (s, 1H), 4.72(s, 1H), 4.53 (dm, J=47.0 Hz, 2H), 4.09-3.72 (m, 6H), 3.51-3.27 (m, 3H),3.01 (s, 3H), 2.98-2.88 (m, 1H), 2.59 (d, J=17.6 Hz, 1H), 2.52-2.40 (m,2H), 1.74 (s, 3H), 1.19 (s, 3H), 1.08 (s, 3H), 2.39-1.04 (m, 29H), 1.00(s, 3H), 0.95 (s, 3H), 0.93 (s, 3H). C45H71FN2O4S.2.0HCl.1.530H2O.

Example 2 Preparation of Diasteromeric (1R)- and(1S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1. Preparation of ethyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

The title compound was prepared in 82% yield following the proceduredescribed above for preparation of ethyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(4-(methylsulfonyl)piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate,using(1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aR,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yltrifluoromethanesulfonate (prepared as described in WO2013123019)instead of(1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aR,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(4-(methylsulfonyl)piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yltrifluoromethanesulfonate as the reactant. MS: m/e 755.55 (M+H)⁺, 2.706min (method 4). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 5.32 (d, J=3.5 Hz, 1H),5.18 (d, J=5.8 Hz, 1H), 4.73 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 4.66-4.58 (m, 1H),4.56-4.39 (m, 2H), 4.26-4.15 (m, 2H), 3.17-2.92 (m, 8H), 2.83-2.45 (m,6H), 2.22-2.05 (m, 3H), 2.03-1.72 (m, 5H), 1.69 (s, 3H), 1.65-1.26 (m,16H), 1.23 (br. s., 3H), 1.18-1.02 (m, 7H), 1.01-0.89 (m, 8H), 0.86 (s,3H), ¹⁹F NMR (376 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ −225.41 (s, 1F).

Step 2. The title compound was prepared in 11.5% yield following theprocedure described above in step 2 for the preparation of ethyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(4-(methylsulfonyl)piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate,using ethyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylateinstead of ethyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(4-(methylsulfonyl)piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylateas the reactant. MS: m/e 727.55 (M+H)⁺, 2.527 min (method 4) ¹H NMR (400MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 5.34 (br. s., 1H), 5.18 (br. s., 1H), 4.76 (br. s.,1H), 4.64-4.56 (m, 2H), 4.48 (br. s., 1H), 3.26-2.94 (m, 8H), 2.90-2.38(m, 6H), 2.32-1.77 (m, 10H), 1.70 (m, 6H), 1.61-1.17 (m, 12H), 1.15-1.03(m, 6H), 1.01-0.91 (m, 8H), 0.87 (br. s., 3H), ¹⁹F NMR (470 MHz,CHLOROFORM-d) δ −225.02 (br. s., 1F).

Preparation of Examples 2a and 2b HPLC Separation of Example 2 into(S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid (Example 2a) and(R)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid (Example 2b)

The two diasteroisomers were separated using preparative HPLC (method17). The first product to elute was identified as(S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid, (Example 2a) (white solid, 7 mg, 33%). MS: m/e 727.55 (M+H)⁺,2.650 min (method 4) ¹H NMR (400 MHz, METHANOL-d₄) δ 5.35 (br. s., 1H),5.27-5.15 (m, 1H), 4.87-4.80 (m, 1H), 4.73 (br. s., 1H), 4.62-4.37 (m,2H), 3.29-3.17 (m, 8H), 3.16-3.05 (m, 3H), 3.02-2.86 (m, 1H), 2.80 (td,J=11.0, 5.5 Hz, 1H), 2.63-2.46 (m, 1H), 2.36-1.80 (m, 12H), 1.76 (br.s., 3H), 1.75-1.29 (m, 15H), 1.20 (s, 3H), 1.13 (s, 3H), 1.00 (s, 3H),0.98 (s, 3H), 0.95 (s, 3H). ¹⁹F NMR (376 MHz, METHANOL-d₄) δ −227.04 (s,1F).

The second eluting compound isolated was identified as(R)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid, (Example 2b) (white solid, 7 mg, 33%). MS: m/e 727.55 (M+H)⁺,2.644 min (method 4). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, METHANOL-d₄) δ 5.36 (br. s., 1H),5.22 (d, J=4.5 Hz, 1H), 4.88-4.81 (m, 1H), 4.78-4.68 (m, 1H), 4.64-4.36(m, 2H), 3.30-3.15 (m, 8H), 3.17-3.03 (m, 3H), 2.99-2.88 (m, 1H),2.86-2.72 (m, 1H), 2.63-2.50 (m, 1H), 2.37-1.97 (m, 8H), 1.92-1.80 (m,4H), 1.78 (s, 3H), 1.74-1.28 (m, 15H), 1.22-1.19 (m, 3H), 1.15-1.11 (m,3H), 0.99 (br. s., 3H), 0.97 (s, 3H), 0.95-0.92 (m, 3H). ¹⁹F NMR (376MHz, METHANOL-d₄) δ −227.05 (br. s., 1F).

Alternative Methods of Preparation for Example 2b Method A:(R)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid via chiral (R)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

Step 1: Preparation of (R)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

A mixture of(1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aR,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yltrifluoromethanesulfonate (1.75 g, 2.434 mmol), (R)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(1.00 g, 2.68 mmol), Na₂CO₃.H₂O (0.91 g, 7.30 mmol) and Pd(Ph₃P)₄ (0.17g, 0.15 mmol) in dioxane (40 mL) and water (10.00 mL) under N₂ wascooled to −78° C. The solution turned into a solid. Vacuuming/purgingwith N₂ cycles were performed three times. The mixture was stirred at70° C. for 1 h. The color changed to dark brownish. The reaction mixturewas concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was diluted withH₂O (100 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (3×100 mL). The combined organiclayers were washed with brine (50 mL), dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered andconcentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified onsilica gel column eluted with 0-35% EtOAc/Hexane to give the titlecompound as a solid (1.12 g, 56%). ¹H NMR (500 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ7.39-7.30 (m, 5H), 5.32 (s, 1H), 5.22-5.14 (m, 2H), 5.11 (d, J=5.0 Hz,1H), 4.71 (s, 1H), 4.60 (s, 1H), 4.60-4.45 (m, 2H), 3.13-2.98 (m, 8H),2.72-2.54 (m, 5H), 2.51-2.43 (m, 1H), 2.23-1.00 (m, 27H), 1.69 (s, 3H),1.06 (s, 3H), 0.96 (s, 3H), 0.93 (s, 3H), 0.87 (s, 3H), 0.85 (s, 3H).¹³C NMR (126 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 174.30, 150.72, 147.90, 139.10,135.94, 128.52, 128.13, 127.97, 121.41, 121.30, 109.41, 87.60, 86.21,66.62, 62.72, 57.21, 52.91, 51.29, 51.00, 49.71, 49.39, 47.38, 45.84,45.70, 41.98, 41.64, 40.64, 38.71, 37.46, 36.80, 36.09, 34.14, 33.61,30.05, 29.74, 29.18, 29.14, 29.06, 28.66, 26.79, 26.43, 26.39, 25.24,21.52, 21.36, 19.66, 19.56, 16.30, 16.04, 14.34. ¹⁹F NMR (470 MHz,CHLOROFORM-d) δ −225.09 (t, J=47.3 Hz, 1F). MS m/e 817.50 (M+H)⁺, 2.32min (method 5).

Step 2: A solution of (R)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(2.3 g, 2.81 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (60 mL) and H₂O (30 mL) was cooled inan ice bath, and 1N NaOH (28 mL, 28 mmol) was added. The resulted cloudymixture was warmed to RT then stirred at 70° C. for 2 h. The reactionmixture was cooled to RT and then placed in an ice bath before it wasneutralized with 0.5N HCl. The mixture was stirred overnight. Theprecipitated solid was collected by filtration, washed with MeOH—H₂O anddried under vacuum. The solid was dissolved in MeCN (80 mL) and dioxane(20 mL), and 6 N HCl (50 mL) was added dropwise. The mixture was stirredfor 1 h. The precipitated solid was collected by filtration, washed withMeCN and dried under vacuum to give (R)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylateas the bis-HCl salt (1.95 g, 90%). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, METHANOL-d₄) δ 5.34(s, 1H), 5.20 (dd, J=6.1, 1.6 Hz, 1H), 4.87 (s, 1H), 4.74 (s, 1H),4.58-4.39 (m, 2H), 3.45-3.11 (m, 12H), 2.87 (td, J=11.0, 5.5 Hz, 1H),2.55 (d, J=16.6 Hz, 1H), 2.34-1.08 (m, 27H), 1.77 (s, 3H), 1.19 (s, 3H),1.11 (s, 3H), 0.99 (s, 3H), 0.95 (s, 3H), 0.93 (s, 3H). ¹³C NMR (126MHz, METHANOL-d₄) δ 178.20, 149.71, 149.37, 140.47, 123.31, 122.51,112.28, 89.36, 87.98, 73.56, 54.52, 51.90, 50.64, 50.43, 49.82, 47.03,46.91, 46.76, 43.44, 42.95, 42.13, 40.78, 38.87, 38.77, 37.41, 34.96,33.19, 30.55, 30.46, 30.42, 30.38, 29.37, 27.91, 27.72, 27.67, 27.54,26.53, 22.26, 20.82, 19.41, 17.33, 17.09, 14.85. ¹⁹F NMR (470 MHz,METHANOL-d₄) δ −227.03 (s, 1F). MS m/e 727.45 (M+H)⁺, 2.55 min (method4).

Method B

Step 1. Preparation of (R)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

To a flask containing(1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aR,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yltrifluoromethanesulfonate (8.9 g, 15.96 mmol), (R)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(6.57 g, 17.55 mmol), and potassium phosphate tribasic (10.16 g, 47.9mmol) was added Buchwald 2^(nd) generation Xphos precatalyst (0.313 g,0.399 mmol). The mixture was diluted with THF (50 mL) and water (10 mL),flushed with nitrogen and then heated to 50° C. for 22 h. The mixturewas cooled to rt, partially concentrated and diluted with water (150mL), extracted with ethyl acetate (3×150 mL) (some solids were noticedbetween the layers on the first extraction so excess ethyl acetate wasadded to make sure the product was dissolved), dried over magnesiumsulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residuewas purified by flash chromatography using a 0-10% methanol indichloromethane gradient and a 220 g silica gel column. The fractionscontaining the product were combined and concentrated under reducedpressure to give the product as a yellow solid with minor impuritiespresent that will be carried to the next step.

Step 2. To a sealable flask containing (R)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(10.5 g, 16.0 mmol) was added potassium phosphate tribasic (13.59 g,64.0 mmol), potassium iodide (3.99 g, 24.01 mmol), and4-(2-chloroethyl)thiomorpholine 1,1-dioxide, HCl (9.37 g, 40.0 mmol).The mixture was diluted with acetonitrile (200 mL), flushed withnitrogen, sealed, and heated to 100° C. After heating the mixture for 16h, it was cooled to rt, transferred to a rb flask using dichloromethaneand then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was dilutedwith water (200 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (200 mL then 2×150mL). The organic layers were washed with brine, dried over sodiumsulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residuewas purified by flash chromatography using a 0-6% methanol indichloromethane gradient and a 330 g silica gel column. The fractionscontaining the expected product were combined and concentrated underreduced pressure to give the product along with other impurities as athick red oil. The residue was dissolved in acetonitrile and split intothree fractions and was repurified using a 25-100% A to B gradient(A=9:1 water:acetonitrile with 0.1% TFA added, B=1:9 water: acetonitrilewith 0.1% TFA added) and a 275 g C18 column. The fractions containingthe product were combined and concentrated under reduced pressure togive the TFA salt of the product. Less pure fractions were combined andconcentrated then were purified again using the same reverse phasemethod above. The TFA salt of the products was diluted with sat. aq.NaHCO₃ (150 mL) and was extracted with dichloromethane (150 mL then 3×75mL). The combined organic layers were dried over sodium sulfate,filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to give the product(7.52 g, 9.2 mmol, 57.5% yield over two steps) as a white solid.

Step 3. To a solution of (R)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(0.6 g, 0.734 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (10 mL) and methanol (2 mL) was addedNaOH (1N) (2.94 mL, 2.94 mmol). The mixture was heated to 60° C. for 2.5h, then cooled to rt.

Step 4. 1N HCl solution (5 mL, 5.00 mmol) was added to the mixture andit was partially concentrated under reduced pressure until solids beganto form, then the mixture was put in the refrigerator overnight.

The solids that formed were collected by filtration and were washed withwater to give the HCl salt of (R)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(0.55 g, 0.706 mmol, 96% yield) as a white solid. The new analyticaldata for the title compound matched the data previously acquired datafor the same compound prepared using different methods.

Example 3 Preparation of(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-morpholinoethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1. Preparation of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

In a 75 mL glass pressure vessel were combined(1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,1aR,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yltrifluoromethanesulfonate (0.850 g, 1.524 mmol), (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(0.599 g, 1.600 mmol) and XPhos-Pd-G2 (0.036 g, 0.046 mmol). The vesselwas sealed with a rubber septum. A needle was inserted into the septumand the vessel was iteratively evacuated and then purged with nitrogenin a vacuum oven at rt four times over a 10 min period. To thenitrogen-flushed reaction vessel was added anhydrous THF (20 mL) andfreshly prepared, nitrogen sparged aqueous 0.5M K₃PO₄ (7.62 mL, 3.81mmol). The vessel was sealed with a PTFE stopper and the resultingyellow solution stirred at 80° C. The color darkened to a very deepgreen over 30 min. The mixture was heated for 20 h. The reaction mixturewas diluted with EtOAc (70 mL) and washed with 5% aqueous sodiumbicarbonate (25 mL×2) and then with brine (10 mL). The aqueous layer wasextracted with 2×10 mL of chloroform and the organic phases werecombined, dried over MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated to a yellow foamysolid. The crude yellow material was purified by flash columnchromatography (40 g silica, elution gradient 100% DCM to 20:1DCM:MeOH). Product fractions were combined and concentrated to a yellowthick oil which became a foam when placed under high vacuum. Totalrecovery of a slightly yellow foam=0.493 g (49% yield). LCMS: m/e 656.5(M+H)⁺, 1.59 min (method 6). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, 1:1 mixture of CDCl₃ andCD₃OD, CD₃OD lock) δ 7.38-7.26 (m, 5H), 5.31 (br. s., 1H), 5.21-5.12 (m,2H), 5.12-5.06 (m, 1H), 4.77-4.71 (m, 1H), 4.63 (s, 1H), 4.57 (dm,J=47.4 Hz, 2H), 2.59 (d, J=17.6 Hz, 1H), 2.50 (td, J=10.6, 5.3 Hz, 1H),2.16-1.93 (m, 6H), 1.78-1.65 (m, 7H), 1.60 (dd, J=12.0, 9.0 Hz, 5H),1.55-1.39 (m, 8H), 1.38-1.22 (m, 4H), 1.11-1.03 (m, 4H), 1.03-0.93 (m,4H), 0.89 (s, 3H), 0.88 (s, 3H), 0.86 (s, 3H).

Step 2. Preparation of (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-morpholinoethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

In a 15 mL glass pressure vessel were combined (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(0.091 g, 0.139 mmol) with 4-(2-chloroethyl)morpholine hydrochloride(0.077 g, 0.416 mmol), potassium phosphate tribasic (0.147 g, 0.694mmol) and potassium iodide (0.046 g, 0.277 mmol) in dry acetonitrile (5mL). The vessel was sealed and heated to 120° C. in an oil bath withstirring for 19 h. The crude mixture was concentrated under a nitrogenstream, taken up in EtOAc (30 mL) and washed with water (3×10 mL) andbrine (5 mL). The combined aqueous phases were extracted with chloroform(10 mL) and the organic phases were combined and concentrated underreduced pressure. The crude residue thus obtained was carried directlyinto the next step. LCMS: m/e 769.6 (M+H)⁺, 2.47 min (method 1).

Step 3. In a 1 dram vial with PTFE screw cap were combined the crudemixture from Step 2 containing (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-morpholinoethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylatewith lithium hydroxide, 1.0M aqueous (0.973 mL, 0.973 mmol), MeOH (1 mL)and tetrahydrofuran (1 mL). The vial was capped and heated to 75° C. for45 min. The crude mixture was purified by reverse phase preparative HPLC(prep HPLC method 2). The material thus obtained was then repurified byreverse phase preparative HPLC (prep HPLC method 3) to provide(S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylateas a white solid TFA salt (0.0191 g, 17.3% yield over 2 steps). LCMS:m/e 679.5 (M+H)⁺, 4.26 min (method 2). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, 1:1 mixture ofCDCl₃ and CD₃OD, CD₃OD lock) δ 5.33 (br. s., 1H), 5.23-5.15 (m, 1H),4.80 (s, 1H), 4.72 (s, 1H), 4.49 dm, J=47.4 Hz, 2H), 3.84-3.68 (m, 4H),3.18-3.09 (m, 2H), 2.98-2.85 (m, 1H), 2.82-2.76 (m, 1H), 2.71 (dd,J=13.7, 3.4 Hz, 3H), 2.63-2.50 (m, 3H), 2.30-2.11 (m, 2H), 2.11-1.91 (m,7H), 1.83-1.75 (m, 3H), 1.73 (s, 4H), 1.67-1.30 (m, 12H), 1.19 (s, 3H),1.17-1.09 (m, 2H), 1.07 (s, 3H), 0.97 (s, 3H), 0.94 (s, 3H), 0.90 (s,3H).

Example 4 Preparation of(S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-((1S,4S)-2,2-dioxido-2-thia-5-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-5-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1. Preparation of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-((1S,4S)-2,2-dioxido-2-thia-5-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-5-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

In a 15 mL glass pressure vessel were combined (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(0.091 g, 0.139 mmol) with(1S,4S)-5-(2-chloroethyl)-2-thia-5-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane 2,2-dioxide(0.075 g, 0.358 mmol) (prepared as described in WO2013169578), potassiumphosphate tribasic (0.147 g, 0.694 mmol) and potassium iodide (0.046 g,0.277 mmol) in dry acetonitrile (5 mL). The vessel was sealed and heatedto 120° C. in an oil bath with stirring for 19 h. The crude mixture wasconcentrated under a nitrogen stream, taken up in EtOAc (30 mL) andwashed with water (3×10 mL) and then with brine (5 mL). The combinedaqueous phases were extracted with chloroform (10 mL) and the organicphases were combined and concentrated under reduced pressure. The cruderesidue thus obtained was carried directly into the next step. LCMS: m/e829.6 (M+H)⁺, 2.44 min (method 1).

Step 2. In a 1 dram vial with PTFE screw cap were combined the crudemixture from Step 1 containing (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-((1S,4S)-2,2-dioxido-2-thia-5-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-5-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(0.115 g, 0.139 mmol) with lithium hydroxide, 1.0M aqueous (0.695 mL,0.695 mmol), MeOH (0.7 mL) and tetrahydrofuran (0.7 mL). The vial wascapped and heated to 75° C. for 45 min. The crude mixture was purifiedby reverse phase preparative HPLC (Prep HPLC method 4) and the yellowsolid thus obtained was then repurified by reverse phase preparativeHPLC (Prep HPLC method 5), followed by a third and final reverse phasepreparative HPLC purification (Prep HPLC method 6) to provide 47.4 mg(39.2% yield over 2 steps) of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-((1S,4S)-2,2-dioxido-2-thia-5-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-5-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylateas a white powder TFA salt. LCMS: m/e 739.5 (M+H)⁺, 4.22 min (method 2).¹H NMR (400 MHz, 1:1 mixture of CDCl₃ and CD₃OD, CD₃OD lock) δ 5.33 (br.s., 1H), 5.19 (d, J=4.6 Hz, 1H), 4.79 (s, 1H), 4.71 (s, 1H), 4.48 (dm,J=47.2 Hz, 2H), 4.00 (br. s., 1H), 3.69-3.63 (m, 1H), 3.23-3.13 (m, 2H),3.13-2.95 (m, 4H), 2.79 (td, J=11.1, 5.0 Hz, 1H), 2.63-2.55 (m, 1H),2.53 (br. s., 1H), 2.42 (d, J=12.5 Hz, 1H), 2.28-2.06 (m, 4H), 2.06-1.91(m, 6H), 1.86-1.74 (m, 3H), 1.73 (s, 4H), 1.69-1.55 (m, 4H), 1.54-1.38(m, 7H), 1.38-1.23 (m, 3H), 1.20-1.14 (m, 1H), 1.13-1.08 (m, 4H), 1.07(s, 3H), 0.96 (s, 3H), 0.93 (s, 3H), 0.89 (s, 3H).

Example 5 Preparation of(S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1,1-dioxido-1,4-thiazepan-4-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1. Preparation of 4-(2-chloroethyl)-1,4-thiazepane 1,1-dioxide

To a mixture of 1,4-thiazepane 1,1-dioxide (200 mg, 1.340 mmol) and2-chloroacetaldehyde, 50 wt % solution in water (0.234 mL, 1.877 mmol)in methanol (5 mL) and acetic acid (1 mL) was added 2-picolineborane-complex (158 mg, 1.474 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirredat rt overnight. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reducedpressure to a residue that was washed with saturated Na₂CO₃ (10 mL) andextracted with ethyl acetate (3×10 mL). The aqueous phase was extractedwith chloroform (10 mL). The combined organic phases were dried overanhydrous MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure toprovide 334 mg (quant.) of the desired product as crude reddish-brownoil that partially solidified upon standing. This crude material wasused as-is directly in the next step. LCMS: m/e 212.0 (M+H)⁺, 0.18 min(method 1).

Step 2. Preparation of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1,1-dioxido-1,4-thiazepan-4-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

In a 15 mL glass pressure vessel were combined the crude material fromStep 1 containing 4-(2-chloroethyl)-1,4-thiazepane 1,1-dioxide (0.065 g,0.305 mmol) with (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(0.100 g, 0.152 mmol), potassium phosphate tribasic (0.162 g, 0.762mmol) and potassium iodide (0.051 g, 0.305 mmol) in dry acetonitrile (5mL). The vessel was sealed and heated to 120° C. in an oil bath withstirring for 17 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reducedpressure, taken up in EtOAc (30 mL) and washed with water (3×10 mL) andwith brine (5 mL). The combined aqueous phases were extracted withchloroform (10 mL) and the organic phases were combined and concentratedunder reduced pressure. The crude residue thus obtained was carried intothe saponification step as-is with no further purification. LCMS: m/e831.6 (M+H)⁺, 2.39 min (method 1).

Step 3. In a 1 dram vial with PTFE screw cap were combined the crudemixture from Step 2 containing (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1,1-dioxido-1,4-thiazepan-4-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(0.126 g, 0.152 mmol) with lithium hydroxide, 1.0M aqueous (1.064 mL,1.064 mmol), MeOH (1 mL) and tetrahydrofuran (1 mL). The vial was cappedand the mixture heated to 75° C. for 45 min. The mixture was filteredand purified by reverse phase preparative HPLC (Prep HPLC method 7) toprovide(S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1,1-dioxido-1,4-thiazepan-4-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid as a white solid TFA salt (36.7 mg, 28.2% yield over 2 steps).LCMS: m/e 741.5 (M+H)⁺, 2.26 min (method 1). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, 1:1mixture of CDCl₃ and CD₃OD, CD₃OD lock) δ 5.33 (br. s., 1H), 5.19 (d,J=4.6 Hz, 1H), 4.80 (s, 1H), 4.71 (s, 1H), 4.49 (dm, J=47.4 Hz, 1H),3.47-3.37 (m, 1H), 3.35 (br. s., 1H), 3.28-3.17 (m, 2H), 3.15-3.02 (m,5H), 3.02-2.93 (m, 1H), 2.79 (td, J=11.0, 4.6 Hz, 1H), 2.55 (d, J=17.1Hz, 1H), 2.29-2.14 (m, 2H), 2.13-1.91 (m, 9H), 1.86-1.74 (m, 3H), 1.73(s, 4H), 1.68-1.55 (m, 4H), 1.55-1.42 (m, 6H), 1.41-1.24 (m, 3H),1.19-1.09 (m, 5H), 1.07 (s, 3H), 0.97 (s, 3H), 0.94 (s, 3H), 0.90 (s,3H).

Example 6 Preparation of(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(4-(methylsulfonyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1. Preparation of 1-(2-chloroethyl)-4-(methylsulfonyl)piperazine

To a mixture of 1-(methylsulfonyl)piperazine (0.200 g, 1.218 mmol) and2-chloroacetaldehyde, 50 wt % solution in water (0.212 mL, 1.705 mmol)in methanol (5 mL) and acetic acid (1 mL) was added2-picoline-borane-complex (0.143 g, 1.340 mmol). The resulting mixturewas stirred at rt overnight. The reaction mixture was concentrated underreduced pressure to a leave a residue that was washed with saturatedNa₂CO₃ (10 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3×10 mL). The aqueousphase was extracted with chloroform (10 mL). The combined organic phaseswere dried over anhydrous MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated under reducedpressure to provide 394 mg (>100% yield) of the desired product ascolorless oil that solidified upon standing to a waxy, slightly yellowsolid. This crude material was used as-is directly in the next step.LCMS: m/e 227.0 (M+H)⁺, 0.19 min (method 1).

Step 2. Preparation of (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(4-(methylsulfonyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

In a 15 mL glass pressure vessel were combined the crude material fromStep 1 containing 1-(2-chloroethyl)-4-(methylsulfonyl)piperazine (0.069g, 0.305 mmol) with (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(0.100 g, 0.152 mmol), potassium phosphate tribasic (0.162 g, 0.762mmol) and potassium iodide (0.051 g, 0.305 mmol) in dry acetonitrile (5mL). The vessel was sealed and heated to 120° C. in an oil bath withstirring for 15 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reducedpressure, the residue taken up in EtOAc (30 mL) and washed with water(3×10 mL) and with brine (5 mL). The combined aqueous phases wereextracted with chloroform (10 mL) and the organic phases were combinedand concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude residue thus obtainedwas carried into the saponification step as-is with no furtherpurification. LCMS: m/e 846.7 (M+H)⁺, 2.43 min (method 1).

Step 3. In a 1 dram vial with PTFE screw cap were combined the crudemixture from Step 2 containing (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(4-(methylsulfonyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(0.129 g, 0.152 mmol) with 1.0M aqueous lithium hydroxide (1.064 mL,1.064 mmol), MeOH (1 mL) and tetrahydrofuran (1 mL). The vial was cappedand the mixture heated to 75° C. for 45 min. The mixture was filteredand purified by reverse phase preparative HPLC (Prep HPLC method 7) toprovide(5)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(4-(methylsulfonyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid as a white solid TFA salt (47.4 mg, 35.8% yield over 2 steps).LCMS: m/e 756.5 (M+H)⁺, 4.21 min (method 2). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, 1:1mixture of CDCl₃ and CD₃OD, CD₃OD lock) δ 5.33 (br. s., 1H), 5.19 (d,J=4.6 Hz, 1H), 4.79 (s, 1H), 4.71 (s, 1H), 4.48 (dm, J=47.2 Hz, 1H),3.30-3.22 (m, 2H), 3.19-3.09 (m, 2H), 3.00-2.90 (m, 1H), 2.87 (s, 3H),2.84-2.64 (m, 6H), 2.55 (d, J=17.6 Hz, 1H), 2.29-2.14 (m, 2H), 2.14-1.91(m, 7H), 1.86-1.75 (m, 3H), 1.73 (s, 4H), 1.65-1.47 (m, 7H), 1.45-1.34(m, 4H), 1.29 (dd, J=17.7, 5.0 Hz, 1H), 1.17 (s, 3H), 1.16-1.08 (m, 2H),1.07 (s, 3H), 0.96 (s, 3H), 0.93 (s, 3H), 0.89 (s, 3H).

Example 7 Preparation of(S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1,1-dioxidotetrahydro-2H-thiopyran-4-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,111a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1: Preparation of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1,1-dioxidotetrahydro-2H-thiopyran-4-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

A suspension of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(45 mg, 0.069 mmol), 4-(2-bromoethyl)tetrahydro-2H-thiopyran 1,1-dioxide(17 mg, 0.069 mmol), K₃PO₄ (44 mg, 0.206 mmol) and NaI (17 mg, 0.103mmol) in MeCN (1 mL) was flushed with nitrogen, sealed, and stirred at100° C. for 18 h. The reaction mixture was filtered and the filtrate wasconcentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified byflash chromatography on silica gel column (0-40% EtOAc/Hexane) using ELSdetector to give the title product as a solid (28 mg, 50%). LCMS m/e816.45 (M+H)⁺, 3.864 minutes (Method 7). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d)δ 7.40-7.28 (m, 5H), 5.32 (s., 1H), 5.17 (d, J=1.3 Hz, 2H), 5.15-5.09(m, 1H), 4.70 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 4.63-4.55 (m, 2H), 4.50-4.43 (m, 1H),3.13-2.90 (m, 4H), 2.64-2.41 (m, 4H), 2.21-0.80 (m, 34H), 1.69 (s, 3H),1.03 (s, 3H), 0.95 (s, 3H), 0.90 (s, 3H), 0.89 (s, 3H), 0.85 (s, 3H).

Step 2. To a solution of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1,1-dioxidotetrahydro-2H-thiopyran-4-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(28 mg, 0.034 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (2 mL) and MeOH (1 mL) was added 1NNaOH (1 mL, 1.0 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 60° C. for 3 h. Thereaction mixture was purified by Prep HPLC (Method 8) to give(S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1,1-dioxidotetrahydro-2H-thiopyran-4-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid as a solid (16 mg, 64%). LCMS m/e 726.50 (M+H)⁺, 3.528 minutes(Method 7). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 5.34 (s, 1H), 5.18 (d,J=4.5 Hz, 1H), 4.71 (s, 1H), 4.60 (s, 2H), 4.48 (s, 1H), 3.10-2.89 (m,4H), 2.66-2.48 (m, 4H), 2.27-0.91 (m, 34H), 1.68 (s, 3H), 1.06 (s, 3H),0.96 (s, 3H), 0.95 (s, 3H), 0.93 (s, 3H), 0.86 (s, 3H). ¹⁹F NMR (376MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ −224.87 (s, 1F).

Example 8 Preparation of(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-3a-(2-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)acetamido)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1: Preparation of (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-3a-(2-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)acetamido)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

To a mixture of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(50 mg, 0.076 mmol) and 2-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)acetic acid (13 mg,0.091 mmol) in CH₂Cl₂ (1 mL) was added DIPEA (0.05 ml, 0.305 mmol)followed by HATU (44 mg, 0.114 mmol). The solution was stirred at roomtemperature for 1 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reducedpressure. The crude product was purified by flash chromatography onsilica gel column (20-45% EtOAc/Hexane) using ELS detector to give thedesired product as a solid (quantitative yield). LCMS m/e 782.55 (M+H)⁺,4.346 minutes (Method 8). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.39-7.29 (m,5H), 5.32 (s, 1H), 5.21-5.14 (m, 2H), 5.12 (d, J=4.5 Hz, 1H), 5.10 (s,1H), 4.73 (d, J=1.3 Hz, 1H), 4.63 (s, 1H), 4.61-4.56 (m, 1H), 4.50-4.44(m, 1H), 3.96 (dd, J=11.3, 3.5 Hz, 2H), 3.47-3.38 (m, 2H), 2.73-2.65 (m,1H), 2.60 (d, J=17.3 Hz, 1H), 2.51 (dd, J=12.4, 8.2 Hz, 1H), 2.42 (td,J=10.5, 5.3 Hz, 1H), 2.19-0.92 (m, 32H), 1.70 (s, 3H), 1.01 (s, 3H),0.97 (s, 3H), 0.90 (s, 3H), 0.88 (s, 3H), 0.85 (s, 3H).

Step 2. To a solution of (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-3a-(2-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)acetamido)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(60 mg, 0.077 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (3 mL) and MeOH (1.5 mL) was added 1NNaOH (1.5 mL, 1.5 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 60° C. for 3 h. Thereaction mixture was purified by Prep HPLC (Method 8) to give(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-3a-(2-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)acetamido)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid as a solid (45 mg, 85%). LCMS m/e 692.55 (M+H)⁺, 3.141 minutes(Method 8). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 5.33 (s, 1H), 5.18 (d,J=4.5 Hz, 1H), 5.13 (s, 1H), 4.73 (s, 1H), 4.63 (s, 1H), 4.59 (s, 1H),4.48 (s, 1H), 3.97 (d, J=8.5 Hz, 2H), 3.43 (t, J=11.8 Hz, 2H), 2.70 (d,J=12.8 Hz, 1H), 2.63-2.36 (m, 3H), 2.28-0.95 (m, 32H), 1.70 (s, 3H),1.02 (s, 3H), 0.97 (s, 3H), 0.94 (s, 3H), 0.92 (s, 3H), 0.86 (s, 3H).¹⁹F NMR (376 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ −225.31 (s, 1F).

Example 9 Preparation of(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-3a-((2-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)ethyl)amino)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1: Preparation of (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-3a-((2-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)ethyl)amino)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

A suspension of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(50 mg, 0.076 mmol), 4-(2-bromoethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran (15 mg, 0.076mmol), K₃PO₄ (49 mg, 0.229 mmol) and NaI (19 mg, 0.114 mmol) in MeCN (1mL) was flushed with nitrogen, sealed, and stirred at 90° C. for 18 h.The reaction mixture was filtered and the filtrate was concentratedunder reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by flashchromatography on silica gel column (0-40% EtOAc/Hexane) using ELSdetector to give the desired product as a solid (30 mg, 51%). LCMS m/e768.55 (M+H)⁺, 3.033 minutes (Method 8). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d)δ 7.39-7.29 (m, 5H), 5.32 (s, 1H), 5.22-5.14 (m, 2H), 5.14-5.10 (m, 1H),4.71 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 4.62-4.55 (m, 1H), 4.58 (s, 1H), 4.51-4.43 (m,1H), 4.01-3.93 (m, 4H), 2.65-2.52 (m, 2H), 2.50-2.36 (m, 2H), 2.18-0.87(m, 34H), 1.69 (s, 3H), 1.05 (s, 3H), 0.95 (s, 3H), 0.90 (s, 3H), 0.89(s, 3H), 0.85 (s, 3H). ¹⁹F NMR (376 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ −225.06 (s,1F).

Step 2. To a solution of (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-3a-((2-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)ethyl)amino)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(30 mg, 0.039 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (2 mL) and MeOH (1 mL) was added 1NNaOH (1 mL, 1.0 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 60° C. for 2 h. Thereaction mixture was purified by Prep HPLC (Method 8) to give(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-3a-((2-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)ethyl)amino)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid as a solid (12 mg, 45%). LCMS m/e 678.50 (M+H)⁺, 2.968 minutes(Method 8). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 5.34 (s, 1H), 5.18 (d,J=4.5 Hz, 1H), 4.72 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 4.60 (s, 2H), 4.48 (s, 1H), 3.97(d, J=11.3 Hz, 2H), 3.39 (tdd, J=11.8, 4.5, 2.1 Hz, 2H), 2.67-2.48 (m,4H), 2.19-0.89 (m, 34H), 1.69 (s, 3H), 1.07 (s, 3H), 0.96 (s, 3H), 0.95(s, 3H), 0.93 (s, 3H), 0.86 (s, 3H). ¹⁹F NMR (376 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ−225.04 (s, 1F).

Example 10 Preparation of(S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-(((2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)-2-methylpropyl)amino)methyl)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1: Preparation of (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-formyl-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

A mixture of(1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aR,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-formyl-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yltrifluoromethanesulfonate (2.0 g, 3.50 mmol), (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(1.44 g, 3.85 mmol), Na₂CO₃H₂O (1.3 g, 10.5 mmol) and Pd(Ph₃P)₄ (0.24 g,0.21 mmol) in dioxane (40 mL) was flushed with nitrogen, sealed, andstirred at 70° C. for 1 h. The mixture was cooled to room temperatureand concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was diluted withH₂O (100 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (3×100 mL). The combined organiclayers were washed with brine (50 mL), dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered andconcentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified byflash chromatography on silica gel column eluted (0-15% EtOAc/Hexane)using ELS detector to give the desired product as a solid (1.85 g, 79%).¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 9.69 (d, J=1.5 Hz, 1H), 7.39-7.31 (m,5H), 5.31 (br. s., 1H), 5.21-5.14 (m, 2H), 5.12 (dd, J=6.3, 1.8 Hz, 1H),4.77 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 4.65-4.62 (m, 1H), 4.62-4.55 (m, 1H), 4.50-4.44(m, 1H), 2.89 (td, J=11.1, 5.9 Hz, 1H), 2.60 (d, J=16.3 Hz, 1H),2.17-1.72 (m, 11H), 1.71 (s, 3H), 1.53-1.19 (m, 14H), 1.11-1.01 (m, 2H),0.98 (s, 3H), 0.94 (s, 3H), 0.90 (s, 3H), 0.88 (s, 3H), 0.84 (s, 3H).¹⁹F NMR (376 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ −225.07 (s, 1F)

Step 2: Preparation of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-(((2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)-2-methylpropyl)amino)methyl)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

A suspension of (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-formyl-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(70 mg, 0.105 mmol) and 4-(1-amino-2-methylpropan-2-yl)thiomorpholine1,1-dioxide (32 mg, 0.157 mmol) in DCE (1 mL) was stirred at rt for 1 h.To the resulting solution were added sodium cyanoborohydride (20 mg,0.314 mmol) and AcOH (0.012 mL, 0.209 mmol). The mixture was stirred atrt for 18 h. The mixture was diluted with saturated NaHCO₃ (5 mL) andextracted with CH₂Cl₂ (3×10 mL). The combined organic layers were driedover Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crudeproduct was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel column(20-80% EtOAc/Hexane) using ELS detector to give the desired product asa solid (18 mg, 20%). LCMS m/e 859.55 (M+H)⁺, 3.113 minutes (Method 8).¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.40-7.29 (m, 5H), 5.32 (s, 1H),5.21-5.14 (m, 2H), 5.12 (d, J=4.5 Hz, 1H), 4.69 (d, J=1.5 Hz, 1H),4.63-4.55 (m, 1H), 4.59 (s, 1H), 4.51-4.44 (m, 1H), 3.07 (m, 8H),2.73-2.55 (m, 3H), 2.42 (td, J=11.0, 5.6 Hz, 1H), 2.18-0.92 (m, 29H),1.69 (s, 3H), 1.16 (s, 3H), 1.15 (s, 3H), 1.04 (s, 3H), 0.98 (s, 3H),0.90 (s, 3H), 0.89 (s, 3H), 0.84 (s, 3H). ¹⁹F NMR (376 MHz,CHLOROFORM-d) δ −225.06 (s, 1F).

Step 3: To a solution of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-(((2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)-2-methylpropyl)amino)methyl)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(18 mg, 0.021 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (1 mL) and MeOH (0.5 mL) was added 1NNaOH (0.5 mL, 0.5 mmol)). The mixture was stirred at 60° C. for 2 h. Thereaction mixture was purified by Prep HPLC (Method 8) to give(S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-(((2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)-2-methylpropyl)amino)methyl)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid as solid (6 mg, 37%). LCMS m/e 769.55 (M+H)⁺, 2.816 minutes (Method8). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 5.33 (s, 1H), 5.17 (d, J=4.3 Hz,1H), 4.69 (s, 1H), 4.60 (s, 1H), 4.56 (s, 1H), 4.44 (s, 1H), 3.13-3.01(m, 8H), 3.01-0.89 (m, 33H), 1.68 (s, 3H), 1.15 (s, 6H), 1.03 (s, 3H),0.97 (s, 3H), 0.96 (s, 3H), 0.92 (s, 3H), 0.85 (s, 3H). ¹⁹F NMR (376MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ −224.76 (s, 1F).

Example 11 Preparation of(R)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-(((3-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)propyl)amino)methyl)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1. Preparation of (R)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-formyl-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

In a 25 mL pressure vessel, a mixture of(1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aR,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-formyl-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yltrifluoromethanesulfonate (164 mg, 0.287 mmol), (R)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(118 mg, 0.316 mmol), Na₂CO₃.H₂O (107 mg, 0.862 mmol) and Pd(Ph₃P)₄(19.92 mg, 0.017 mmol) in dioxane (2 mL) and water (0.500 mL) under N₂was cooled to −78° C. The mixture solidified and vacuuming/purging withN₂ cycles were performed three times. The mixture was stirred at 70° C.for 1 h and the color turned dark brownish. The reaction mixture wasdiluted with H₂O (100 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (3×100 mL). Thecombined organic layers were washed with brine (50 mL), dried overNa₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crudeproduct was purified (24 g silica gel column; 0-25%, 25% EtOAc/Hexane;ELS detector) to give the title compound as a white solid (122 mg,63.5%). LCMS: m/e 691.45 (M+Na)⁺, 4.428 min (Method 9). ¹H NMR (400 MHz,CHLOROFORM-d) δ 9.73 (d, J=1.5 Hz, 1H), 7.47-7.25 (m, 5H), 5.35 (br. s.,1H), 5.20 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 2H), 5.16-5.09 (m, 1H), 4.79 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H),4.71-4.64 (m, 1H), 4.61-4.53 (m, 1H), 4.51-4.41 (m, 1H), 2.89 (td,J=11.1, 5.9 Hz, 1H), 2.63 (d, J=18.3 Hz, 1H), 2.31-1.85 (m, 8H),1.85-1.76 (m, 3H), 1.73 (s, 3H), 1.61-1.20 (m, 14H), 1.15-1.05 (m, 2H),1.04-1.00 (m, 3H), 0.99 (br. s., 3H), 0.96 (s, 3H), 0.90 (s, 3H), 0.87(s, 3H).

Step 2. Preparation of (R)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-(((3-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)propyl)amino)methyl)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

To a solution of (R)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-formyl-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(122 mg, 0.182 mmol) in DCE (2 mL) was added acetic acid (0.021 mL,0.365 mmol) and 4-(3-aminopropyl)thiomorpholine 1,1-dioxide (70.1 mg,0.365 mmol). The solution turned to cloudy first and clear 10 minuteslater. The mixture was stirred at RT for 2 h. Sodiumtriacetoxyborohydride (193 mg, 0.912 mmol) was added and the resultingmixture was stirred for 18 h. Acidic acid (0.2 mL) and sodiumtriacetoxyborohydride (193 mg, 0.912 mmol) were added and mixture wasstirred for 18 h. The mixture was then diluted with sat. NaHCO₃ (7 mL)and was extracted with dichloromethane (3×7 mL). The combined organiclayers were dried with Na₂SO₄. The drying agent was removed byfiltration and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. Thecrude product was purified (silica gel). The fractions containing theexpected product were collected and concentrated under reduced pressureto yield the title compound as a white solid (130 mg, 84%). LCMS: m/e845.60 (M+H)⁺, 3.116 min (Method 9). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ7.41-7.29 (m, 5H), 5.34-5.29 (m, 1H), 5.18 (d, J=2.3 Hz, 2H), 5.11 (s,1H), 4.70 (s, 1H), 4.63-4.53 (m, 2H), 4.47 (d, J=4.5 Hz, 1H), 3.14-2.97(m, 12H), 2.95-2.82 (m, 3H), 2.68-2.51 (m, 4H), 2.48-2.33 (m, 2H),2.24-2.07 (m, 3H), 2.03-1.91 (m, 4H), 1.91-1.73 (m, 6H), 1.71 (br. s.,3H), 1.63-1.30 (m, 11H), 1.08 (br. s., 3H), 0.98 (s, 3H), 0.92 (s, 3H),0.87 (s, 3H), 0.84 (s, 3H).

Step 3. To a solution of (R)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-(((3-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)propyl)amino)methyl)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(130 mg, 0.154 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (6 mL) and MeOH (3 mL) was added 1NNaOH (3 mL, 3.00 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 66° C. for 2 h and aclear solution was obtained. The reaction mixture was purified by prepHPLC (method 9) to give(R)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-(((3-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)propyl)amino)methyl)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid as a white solid (55 mg, 45%). LCMS: m/e 755.50 (M+H)⁺, 2.837 min(Method 9). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 5.29 (br. s., 1H), 5.15 (d,J=4.5 Hz, 1H), 4.71 (s, 1H), 4.60 (s, 1H), 4.50 (q, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 4.39(q, J=8.6 Hz, 1H), 3.36 (d, J=6.0 Hz, 4H), 3.33-3.28 (m, 4H), 3.23-3.10(m, 3H), 2.95 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 2.82 (d, J=13.1 Hz, 1H), 2.56-2.40 (m,2H), 2.31-2.17 (m, 1H), 2.14-1.89 (m, 7H), 1.85-1.61 (m, 10H), 1.60-1.13(m, 13H), 1.12-1.04 (m, 4H), 1.01 (s, 3H), 0.94 (s, 3H), 0.90 (s, 3H),0.87 (s, 3H). ¹⁹F NMR (376 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ −222.66-−223.63 (m, 1F).

Example 12 Preparation of(R)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((N-(3-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)propyl)acetamido)methyl)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

To a solution of(R)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-(((3-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)propyl)amino)methyl)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid (20 mg, 0.026 mmol) in CH₂Cl₂ (1 mL) was added acetic anhydride(0.012 mL, 0.132 mmol) and DMAP (0.324 mg, 2.65 μmol). The resultingmixture was heated at 50° C. for 24 h. The reaction mixture wasconcentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was redissolved MeOH (4mL) and purified by prep. HPLC (method 10) to give the title compound asa white solid (3 mg, 13.5%). LCMS: m/e 797.55 (M+H)⁺, 3.103 min (Method9). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, METHANOL-d₄) δ 5.35 (br. s., 1H), 5.21 (d, J=4.8Hz, 1H), 4.76 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 4.82-4.72 (m, 1H), 4.62 (s, 1H),4.60-4.52 (m, 1H), 4.50-4.36 (m, 1H), 3.64 (d, J=13.8 Hz, 1H), 3.49 (t,J=7.4 Hz, 2H), 3.27 (m, 1H), 3.18-3.08 (m, 4H), 3.03 (d, J=5.5 Hz, 4H),2.68-2.47 (m, 4H), 2.27 (d, J=6.0 Hz, 1H), 2.22-1.93 (m, 9H), 1.89-1.23(m, 21H), 1.17 (s, 3H), 1.16-1.07 (m, 3H), 1.05 (s, 3H), 1.00 (s, 3H),0.96 (s, 3H), 0.92 (s, 3H). ¹⁹F NMR (376 MHz, METHANOL-d₄) δ−226.56-−227.82 (m, 1F).

Example 13 Preparation of(R)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(4,4-bis(ethoxycarbonyl)piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1. Preparation of ((R)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

A mixture of (R)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(669 mg, 1.788 mmol),(1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aR,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yltrifluoromethanesulfonate (950 mg, 1.703 mmol), sodium carbonate hydrate(634 mg, 5.11 mmol) and palladium tetrakis (118 mg, 0.102 mmol) wasplaced under nitrogen atmosphere. Dioxane (16 mL) was added and anorange solution was formed. Water (4 mL) was added and a very paleyellow suspension formed. The entire mixture was chilled to −78° C. andevacuation/purging cycles were performed three times and finally anitrogen purge was performed. The flask was immersed into an oil bath at65-85° C. The color of the mixture changed from pale yellow suspensionto dark brown over a 10 min period. Heating was allowed to proceed at85° C. for a total of 5 hours. The reaction mixture was diluted with H₂O(100 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (3×100 mL). The combined organiclayers were washed with brine (50 mL), dried over Na₂SO₄, filtered andconcentrated under reduced pressure. The crude material was purified bysilica gel chromatography to afford the title compound as a white solid(0.78 g, 69.8%). LCMS: m/e 656.50 (M+H)⁺, 3.003 min (Method 9). ¹H NMR(400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.46-7.29 (m, 5H), 5.43-5.28 (m, 1H),5.24-5.16 (m, 2H), 5.13 (dd, J=6.1, 2.0 Hz, 1H), 4.75 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H),4.62 (s, 1H), 4.61-4.56 (m, 1H), 4.52-4.44 (m, 1H), 2.68-2.51 (m, 2H),2.26-1.94 (m, 6H), 1.84-1.72 (m, 4H), 1.72 (s, 3H), 1.65-1.28 (m, 12H),1.27 (s, 3H), 1.14 (d, J=13.9 Hz, 2H), 1.09 (s, 3H), 1.06 (m, 2H), 0.98(s, 3H), 0.95 (s, 3H), 0.89 (s, 3H), 0.87 (s, 3H).

Step 2. Preparation of (R)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-(aziridin-1-yl)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

In a flame dried 75 mL thick-walled resealable vessel was placed(R)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(0.78 g, 1.189 mmol) and flame dried potassium phosphate (1.262 g, 5.95mmol), followed by 1,2-dichloroethane (20 mL) and acetonitrile (10 mL).The reaction mixture was flushed with nitrogen, sealed, and warmed to130° C. for 36 h. The crude reaction mixture was filtered through ashort pad of silica gel and washed with ethyl acetate to obtain a verypale orange solution. The solution was concentrated under reducedpressure to obtain the title compound as a off-white solid. The compoundwas used as it, without further purification. LCMS: m/e 682.50 (M+H)⁺,700.55 (M+H₂O)⁺, 714.55 (M+MeOH)⁺, 3.053 min (Method 9).

Step 3. Preparation of diethyl1-(2-(((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-9-((R)-4-((benzyloxy)carbonyl)-4-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-1-en-1-yl)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-3a-yl)amino)ethyl)piperidine-4,4-dicarboxylate

(R)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-(aziridin-1-yl)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(100 mg, 0.147 mmol) was placed in a 15 mL sealed tube. CH₃CN (2 mL) wasadded followed by diethyl piperidine-4,4-dicarboxylate (67.2 mg, 0.293mmol). To this suspension was added sodium iodide (24.18 mg, 0.161 mmol)and potassium phosphate (93 mg, 0.440 mmol). The resulting mixture washeated up at 125° C. for 15 h. The reaction mixture was diluted withethyl acetate (50 mL) and washed by sodium bicarbonate and brine. Theorganic layer was collected, dried over sodium sulfate and concentratedunder reduced pressure. The crude material was purified on silica gel(0-25% ethyl acetate/hexanes) to yield the title compound as a whitesolid (60 mg, 48%). LCMS: m/e 911.65 (M+H)⁺, 3.213 min (Method 9). ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.41-7.31 (m, 5H), 5.31 (br. s., 1H),5.22-5.14 (m, 2H), 5.10 (d, J=4.5 Hz, 1H), 4.71 (d, J=2.5 Hz, 1H),4.63-4.53 (m, 2H), 4.50-4.41 (m, 1H), 4.28-4.20 (m, 4H), 3.01-2.79 (m,2H), 2.69-2.55 (m, 2H), 2.54-2.29 (m, 2H), 2.20-2.10 (m, 6H), 2.00-1.73(m, 15H), 1.70-1.67 (s, 3H), 1.67-1.49 (m, 10OH), 1.26 (t, J=7.2 Hz,11H), 1.07 (s, 3H), 0.97-0.93 (m, 3H), 0.92 (s, 3H), 0.86 (s, 3H), 0.84(s, 3H).

Step 4. Preparation of diethyl1-(2-(((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-9-((R)-4-(((tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy)carbonyl)-4-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-1-en-1-yl)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-3a-yl)amino)ethyl)piperidine-4,4-dicarboxylate

To a solution of diethyl1-(2-(((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-9-((R)-4-((benzyloxy)carbonyl)-4-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-1-en-1-yl)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-3a-yl)amino)ethyl)piperidine-4,4-dicarboxylate(60 mg, 0.066 mmol) in DCE (3 mL) was added TEA (0.015 mL, 0.105 mmol),t-butyldimethylsilane (0.022 mL, 0.132 mmol), and palladium(II) acetate(3.70 mg, 0.016 mmol). The mixture was flushed with N₂ and was heated to60° C. After 3 h of heating the mixture was cooled to RT and filteredthrough a pad of celite and silica gel (washed with 50% EtOAc inhexanes, then dichloromethane). The filtrate was concentrated underreduced pressure to yield the title compound as a solid (61 mg. 100%).The crude product was used in the next step with no additionalpurification. LCMS: m/e 935.70 (M+H)⁺, 3.247 min (Method 9).

Step 5. To a solution of diethyl1-(2-(((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-9-((R)-4-(((tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy)carbonyl)-4-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-1-en-1-yl)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-3a-yl)amino)ethyl)piperidine-4,4-dicarboxylate(15 mg, 0.016 mmol) in THF (4 mL) was added TBAF (1M in THF) (0.024 mL,0.024 mmol). The mixture was stirred at rt for 30 min. The mixture waspurified by Prep HPLC (method 9) to give(R)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(4,4-bis(ethoxycarbonyl)piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid as a white solid (7 mg, 53.2%). LCMS: m/e 821.60 (M+H)⁺, 2.901 min(Method 9). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 5.38-5.32 (m, 1H), 5.17 (d,J=4.8 Hz, 1H), 4.79 (s, 1H), 4.72-4.40 (m, 3H), 4.32-4.21 (m, 4H),3.54-3.24 (m, 4H), 3.10 (br. s., 3H), 2.90-2.60 (m, 2H), 2.36 (br. s.,4H), 2.28-1.73 (m, 12H), 1.69 (s, 3H), 1.66-1.50 (m, 6H), 1.44 (br. s.,3H), 1.38-1.33 (m, 3H), 1.32-1.24 (m, 9H), 1.12 (s, 3H), 1.08 (d, J=8.3Hz, 2H), 1.02 (s, 3H), 0.97 (s, 3H), 0.92 (s, 3H), 0.87 (s, 3H).

Example 14 and Example 15 Preparation of(1R)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(3-(ethoxycarbonyl)-1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid (Isomer 1) and Preparation of(1R)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(3-(ethoxycarbonyl)-1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid (Isomer 2)

Step 1. Preparation of ethyl4-(2-(((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-9-((R)-4-((benzyloxy)carbonyl)-4-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-1-en-1-yl)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-3a-yl)amino)ethyl)thiomorpholine-3-carboxylate

The title compound was prepared in 26.3% yield following the proceduredescribed above for the preparation of diethyl1-(2-(((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-9-((R)-4-((benzyloxy)carbonyl)-4-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-1-en-1-yl)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-3a-yl)amino)ethyl)piperidine-4,4-dicarboxylate,using thiomorpholine-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester hydrochloride insteadof diethyl piperidine-4,4-dicarboxylate as starting material. MS: m/e857.65. (M+H)⁺, 3.876 min (Method 9). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ7.38-7.31 (m, 5H), 5.31 (d, J=3.8 Hz, 1H), 5.23-5.13 (m, 2H), 5.10 (d,J=4.5 Hz, 1H), 4.70 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 4.62-4.54 (m, 2H), 4.51-4.40 (m,1H), 4.28-4.22 (m, 2H), 3.81-3.67 (m, 1H), 3.63 (ddd, J=12.5, 5.8, 3.5Hz, 1H), 3.37 (ddd, J=12.4, 9.9, 2.9 Hz, 1H), 3.21 (ddd, J=12.4, 8.5,5.8 Hz, 1H), 3.09 (ddd, J=9.9, 6.0, 3.5 Hz, 1H), 3.03-2.95 (m, 1H),2.93-2.66 (m, 5H), 2.64-2.32 (m, 5H), 2.17-2.08 (m, 3H), 2.00-1.77 (m,8H), 1.69 (s, 3H), 1.64-1.48 (m, 8H), 1.18-1.01 (m, 8H), 0.99-0.80 (m,16H).

Step 2. Preparation of ethyl4-(2-(((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-9-((R)-4-((benzyloxy)carbonyl)-4-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-1-en-1-yl)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-3a-yl)amino)ethyl)thiomorpholine-3-carboxylate1,1-dioxide

To a solution of mixture of ethyl4-(2-(((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-9-((R)-4-((benzyloxy)carbonyl)-4-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-1-en-1-yl)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-3a-yl)amino)ethyl)thiomorpholine-3-carboxylate(32 mg, 0.037 mmol) in MeOH (2 mL) was added a suspension of OXONE®(34.4 mg, 0.056 mmol) in water (2.00 mL) at 0° C., followed by acetone(5 mL). The resulting mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 12 h. Thereaction mixture was diluted with water (10 mL) and extracted with ethylacetate. The organic layer was washed with sodium hydrosulfite and thendried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under reducedpressure to yield the title compound as a solid. The 30 mg of crudeproduct was used in the next step without further purification. MS: m/e889.55. (M+H)⁺, 3.26 min (Method 9)

Step 3. Preparation of ethyl4-(2-(((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-9-((R)-4-(((tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy)carbonyl)-4-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-1-en-1-yl)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-3a-yl)amino)ethyl)thiomorpholine-3-carboxylate1,1-dioxide

The title compound was prepared in 97% yield following the proceduredescribed above for the preparation of diethyl1-(2-(((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-9-((R)-4-(((tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy)carbonyl)-4-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-1-en-1-yl)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-3a-yl)amino)ethyl)piperidine-4,4-dicarboxylate,using ethyl4-(2-(((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-9-((R)-4-((benzyloxy)carbonyl)-4-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-1-en-1-yl)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-3a-yl)amino)ethyl)thiomorpholine-3-carboxylate1,1-dioxide instead of diethyl1-(2-(((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-9-((R)-4-((benzyloxy)carbonyl)-4-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-1-en-1-yl)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-3a-yl)amino)ethyl)piperidine-4,4-dicarboxylateas starting material. MS: m/e 913.65. (M+H)⁺, 3.204 min (Method 9)

Step 4. To a solution of ethyl4-(2-(((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-9-((R)-4-(((tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy)carbonyl)-4-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-1-en-1-yl)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-3a-yl)amino)ethyl)thiomorpholine-3-carboxylate1,1-dioxide (20 mg, 0.022 mmol) in THF (4 mL) was added TBAF (1M in THF)(0.032 mL, 0.032 mmol). The mixture was stirred at RT for 30 minutes.The mixture was purified by Prep HPLC (method 9) to give two products:

Example 14:(1R)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(3-(ethoxycarbonyl)-1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid (Isomer 1) as a white solid (2 mg, 11.43%). LCMS: m/e 799.50(M+H)⁺, 2.866 min (Method 9). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 5.40-5.29(m, 1H), 5.19 (d, J=4.8 Hz, 1H), 4.83 (s, 1H), 4.71 (s, 1H), 4.64-4.55(m, 1H), 4.49 (q, J=8.6 Hz, 1H), 4.37-4.25 (m, 2H), 3.74-3.62 (m, 1H),3.46-2.85 (m, 10H), 2.68-2.53 (m, 2H), 2.26-2.06 (m, 5H), 2.02-1.75 (m,7H), 1.72 (s, 3H), 1.67-1.50 (m, 7H), 1.37-1.27 (m, 8H), 1.13 (s, 3H),1.09-1.01 (m, 4H), 1.04 (s, 3H), 0.97 (s, 3H), 0.94-0.91 (m, 3H), 0.88(s, 3H) and

Example 15:(1R)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(3-(ethoxycarbonyl)-1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid Isomer 2 as white solid (2 mg, 11.43%) as isomer 2. LCMS: m/e799.55 (M+H)⁺, 2.778 min (Method 9). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ5.44-5.31 (m, 1H), 5.20 (d, J=4.5 Hz, 1H), 4.83 (s, 1H), 4.75-4.69 (m,1H), 4.67-4.56 (m, 1H), 4.55-4.43 (m, 1H), 4.37-4.29 (m, 2H), 4.28-4.22(m, 1H), 3.67 (br. s., 1H), 3.51-3.42 (m, 2H), 3.34-3.09 (m, 5H),3.05-2.86 (m, 3H), 2.61 (d, J=5.8 Hz, 1H), 2.33-2.22 (m, 2H), 2.19-2.15(m, 2H), 2.14-2.09 (m, 1H), 2.05-1.76 (m, 14H), 1.73 (s, 3H), 1.64-1.01(m, 12H), 1.12 (s, 3H), 1.06 (s, 3H), 0.98 (s, 3H), 0.93 (s, 3H), 0.88(s, 3H). ¹⁹F NMR (376 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ −224.87-−225.57 (m, 1F).

Example 16 Preparation of1-(2-(((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-9-((R)-4-carboxy-4-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-1-en-1-yl)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-3a-yl)amino)ethyl)piperidine-4,4-dicarboxylicAcid

To a solution of(R)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(4,4-bis(ethoxycarbonyl)piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid (5 mg, 6.09 mol)) in 1,4-dioxane (2 mL) and MeOH (1 mL) was addedsodium hydroxide (1 mL, 1.000 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 66° C.for 2 h, and then cooled to room temperature. The reaction mixture waspurified by Prep HPLC (method 9) to give the title compound as a film(0.8 mg, 15.46%). LCMS: m/e 765.60 (M+H)⁺, 2.928 min (Method 9).

Example 17 Preparation of1-(2-(((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-9-((R)-4-carboxy-4-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-1-en-1-yl)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-3a-yl)amino)ethyl)piperidine-4,4-dicarboxylicAcid

The title compound was isolated during the purification of1-(2-(((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-9-((R)-4-carboxy-4-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-1-en-1-yl)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-3a-yl)amino)ethyl)piperidine-4,4-dicarboxylicacid. (white solid, 1.2 mg, 22.36%). LCMS: m/e 793.60 (M+H)⁺, 2.992 min(Method 9). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 5.37 (br. s., 1H), 5.18 (d,J=6.0 Hz, 1H), 4.77 (s, 1H), 4.69 (s, 1H), 4.63-4.37 (m, 2H), 4.31-4.18(m, 2H), 3.80-3.71 (m, 1H), 3.69-3.61 (m, 1H), 3.58-3.53 (m, 1H),3.52-3.47 (m, 2H), 3.46-3.41 (m, 1H), 3.24-3.09 (m, 2H), 2.65-2.60 (m,1H), 2.56-1.17 (m, 40H), 1.10 (s, 3H), 1.02 (s, 3H), 0.97 (s, 3H), 0.9(s, 3H), 0.87 (s, 3H).

Example 18 Preparation of4-(2-(((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-9-((R)-4-carboxy-4-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-1-en-1-yl)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-3a-yl)amino)ethyl)thiomorpholine-3-carboxylicAcid

To a solution of ethyl4-(2-(((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-9-((R)-4-((benzyloxy)carbonyl)-4-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-1-en-1-yl)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-3a-yl)amino)ethyl)thiomorpholine-3-carboxylate(0.030 g, 0.035 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (2 mL) and MeOH (1 mL) was addedsodium hydroxide (1 ml, 1.000 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 66° C.for 2 h and a clear solution was formed. The crude reaction mixture waspurified by Prep HPLC (method 10) to give the title compound as a whitesolid (4.5 mg, 16.53%). LCMS: m/e 739.55 (M+H)⁺, 2.838 min (Method 9).¹H NMR (400 MHz, METHANOL-d₄) δ 5.35 (br. s., 1H), 5.21 (d, J=5.8 Hz,1H), 4.85-4.80 (m, 1H), 4.75-4.68 (m, 1H), 4.63-4.51 (m, 1H), 4.49-4.37(m, 1H), 3.44-3.36 (m, 1H), 3.22-2.90 (m, 4H), 2.89-2.68 (m, 4H),2.66-2.48 (m, 3H), 2.44-2.23 (m, 2H), 2.18-1.98 (m, 8H), 1.85 (d, J=12.5Hz, 2H), 1.77 (d, J=4.0 Hz, 3H), 1.74-1.28 (m, 14H), 1.25-1.17 (m, 3H),1.14 (d, J=11.3 Hz, 2H), 1.11-1.08 (m, 3H), 1.00 (s, 3H), 0.96 (s, 3H),0.94-0.89 (m, 3H). ¹⁹F NMR (376 MHz, METHANOL-d₄) δ −226.92 (m, 1F).

Example 19 Preparation of(R)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-hydroxyethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1. Preparation of (R)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-hydroxyethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

To (R)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-(aziridin-1-yl)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(230 mg, 0.337 mmol) in CH₃CN (6 mL) was addedthiomorpholine-3,5-diyldimethanol (77 mg, 0.472 mmol), sodium iodide(55.6 mg, 0.371 mmol) and potassium phosphate (215 mg, 1.012 mmol). Theresulting suspension was heated up at 125° C. for 15 h. The reactionmixture was diluted with ethyl acetate, washed with an aqueous solutionof sodium bicarbonate and brine. The organic layer was dried over sodiumsulfate and concentrated to dryness. The crude material was purifiedusing silica gel to obtain an off-white solid (6 mg, 2.5%). LCMS: m/e700.55 (M+H)⁺, 2.925 min (Method 9).

Step 2. (R)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-hydroxyethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(6 mg, 8.57 μmol) was dissolved in a mixture of MeOH (2 mL) and dioxane(2 mL). Sodium hydroxide (1 ml, 1.000 mmol) was added. The resultingmixture was stirred at 25° C. for 15 h and purified by Prep HPLC (method9) to give(R)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-hydroxyethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid as a white solid (2.0 mg, 36.3%). LCMS: m/e 610.55 (M+H)⁺, 2.928min (Method 9).

General Scheme for the Preparation of Examples 20 and 21

Example 20 Preparation of(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1. Preparation of (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

To a sealable flask containing (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(0.1 g, 0.152 mmol) and 1-(2-chloroethyl)pyrrolidin-2-one (0.056 g,0.381 mmol) was added phosphoric acid, potassium salt (0.129 g, 0.610mmol) and potassium iodide (0.038 g, 0.229 mmol). The mixture wasdiluted with acetonitrile (2 mL), flushed with nitrogen, then the vialwas sealed and heated to 100° C. for 21 h. The mixture was cooled to rt,diluted with water (10 mL) and extracted with dichloromethane (3×10 mL).The organic layers were dried over sodium sulfate, filtered andconcentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flashchromatography using a 0-5% methanol in dichloromethane gradient and a12 g silica gel column to give the title compound (0.104 g, 0.136 mmol,89% yield) as a clear film. LCMS: m/e 767.6 (M+H)⁺, 2.20 min (method 3).

Step 2. To a solution of(S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(0.104 g, 0.136 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (2 mL) and MeOH (0.5 mL) was addedNaOH (1N) (0.542 mL, 0.542 mmol). The mixture was heated to 60° C. After4.5 h of heating, the mixture was cooled to rt and was purified byreverse phase chromatography using a 25-100% A to B gradient (A=9:1water: acetonitrile with 0.1% TFA added, B=1:9 water: acetonitrile with0.1% TFA added) and a 50 g C18 column. The fractions containing theproduct were combined and concentrated under reduced pressure to givethe TFA salt of the title compound (0.076 g, 0.096 mmol, 71% yield) as awhite solid. LCMS: m/e 677.4 (M+H)⁺, 1.73 min (method 3). ¹H NMR (500MHz, Acetic Acid d₄) δ 5.37 (br. s., 1H), 5.22 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 4.87(s, 1H), 4.73 (s, 1H), 4.63-4.45 (m, 2H), 3.81-3.68 (m, 2H), 3.66-3.54(m, 3H), 3.51-3.44 (m, 1H), 2.83-2.74 (m, 1H), 2.63-2.48 (m, 3H), 1.74(s, 3H), 1.15 (s, 3H), 1.07 (s, 3H), 2.34-1.04 (m, 29H), 0.98 (s, 3H),0.97 (s, 3H), 0.93 (s, 3H).

Example 21 Preparation of(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((3-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)propyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1. Preparation of (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((3-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)propyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

To a sealable flask containing (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(0.1 g, 0.152 mmol) and 1-(3-chloropropyl)pyrrolidin-2-one (0.074 g,0.457 mmol) was added phosphoric acid, potassium salt (0.129 g, 0.610mmol) and potassium iodide (0.038 g, 0.229 mmol). The mixture wasdiluted with acetonitrile (2 mL), flushed with nitrogen, then the vialwas sealed and heated to 100° C. for 16 h. The mixture was cooled to rt,diluted with water (10 mL) and extracted with dichloromethane (3×10 mL).The organic layers were dried over sodium sulfate, filtered andconcentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flashchromatography using a 0-5% MeOH in DCM gradient and a 12 g silica gelcolumn. The fractions containing the product were combined andconcentrated under reduced pressure to give the title compound (0.074 g,0.095 mmol, 62% yield) as a clear film. LCMS: m/e 781 (M+H)⁺, 2.20 min(method 3).

Step 2. To a solution of(S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((3-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)propyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(0.074 g, 0.095 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (2 mL) and Methanol (0.4 mL) wasadded 1N NaOH (0.379 mL, 0.379 mmol) and the mixture was warmed to 60°C. After 4 h of heating, the mixture was cooled to rt and was purifiedby prep HPLC (method 11). The fractions containing the product werecombined and concentrated under reduced pressure to give the TFA salt ofthe title product (0.042 g, 0.052 mmol, 55% yield) as a white solid.LCMS: m/e 691.5 (M+H)⁺, 1.73 min (method 3). ¹H NMR (500 MHz, Aceticacid d₄) δ 5.39 (br. s., 1H), 5.25 (d, J=4.6 Hz, 1H), 4.85 (s, 1H), 4.73(s, 1H), 4.65-4.47 (m, 2H), 3.56-3.41 (m, 4H), 3.28-3.16 (m, 2H),2.90-2.81 (m, 1H), 2.65-2.58 (m, 1H), 2.52 (t, J=8.1 Hz, 2H), 1.75 (s,3H), 1.18 (s, 3H), 1.10 (s, 3H), 2.36-1.06 (m, 31H), 1.01 (s, 3H), 0.99(s, 3H), 0.95 (s, 3H).

Example 22 Preparation of(R)-4-((1S,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)amino)-1-isopropyl-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1. Preparation of (R)-2-(trimethylsilyl)ethyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

A mixture of(R)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid (180 mg, 0.248 mmol) and 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethylN,N′-diisopropylcarbamimidate (91 mg, 0.371 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (10mL) was refluxed at 80° C. for 4 hours. The reaction mixture wasconcentrated under reduced pressure and the residue was diluted withmethanol (3 mL) and tetrahydrofuran (4 mL). The resulting mixture wasleft at room temperature for 14 h. A white solid was formed and removedby filtration. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure.This residue was treated with methanol (2 mL) and water (5 mL) to afforda white precipitate. The solid was collected by filtration and washedwith diethyl ether (4 mL) to provide the title compound as a white solid(130 mg, 60%). LCMS: m/e 827.8 (M+H)⁺, 2.39 min (method 3).

Step 2. Preparation of (R)-2-(trimethylsilyl)ethyl 4-((1S,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)amino)-1-isopropyl-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

A mixture of (R)-2-(trimethylsilyl)ethyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(50 mg, 0.060 mmol) and Pd—C (6.43 mg, 6.04 μmol) in tetrahydrofuran (2mL) and methanol (1 mL) was stirred under hydrogen atmosphere at 20° C.for 31 hours. The reaction mixture was filtered through a pad of celiteto remove the Palladium catalyst and washed with tetrahydrofuran (10mL). The filtrates were concentrated under reduced pressure to providethe title compound as a white solid (40 mg, 64%, 80% pure). LCMS: m/e829.8 (M+H)⁺, 2.43 min (method 3).

Step 3. A mixture of (R)-2-(trimethylsilyl)ethyl4-((1S,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)amino)-1-isopropyl-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(15 mg, 0.014 mmol) and tetra-N-butylammonium fluoride (101 mg, 0.289mmol) in dioxane (1 mL) was stirred at 20° C. for 5 hours. The reactionmixture was filtered and purified by prep HPLC with 0-70acetonitrile/water/TFA to provide the desired product as colorless oil(6 mg, 54%). LCMS: m/e 729.7 (M+H)⁺, 1.90 min (method 3). ¹H NMR (500MHz, Acetic) δ 5.40 (br. s., 1H), 5.31-5.17 (m, 1H), 4.73-4.56 (m, 1H),4.55-4.40 (m, 1H), 3.58-3.02 (m, 12H), 2.62 (d, J=16.9 Hz, 1H),2.35-2.30 (m, 1H), 2.25-1.13 (m, 28H), 1.26 (s, 3H), 1.10 (s, 3H), 1.03(s, 3H), 0.99 (s, 3H), 0.99 (s, 3H), 0.93 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 3H), 0.85 (d,J=6.8 Hz, 3H).

Example 23 Preparation of4-((1S,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)amino)-1-isopropyl-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohexanecarboxylicAcid

A mixture of (R)-2-(trimethylsilyl)ethyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(18 mg, 0.022 mmol) and Pd—C (4.63 mg, 4.35 μmol) in tetrahydrofuran (2mL) and methanol (2 mL) was stirred at 20° C. for 3 days. The reactionmixture was filtered through a pad of celite and then washed withtetrahydrofuran (2 mL), the filtrates were concentrated under reducedpressure to provide a solid. The solid was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran(2 mL) and tetra-N-butylammonium fluoride (152 mg, 0.435 mmol) was addedand the reaction. The mixture was stirred at 20° C. for 2 days. Thereaction mixture was filtered and purified by prep HPLC with 0-70acetonitrile/water/TFA to provide the title compound as a white solid (4mg, 24%). LCMS: m/e 731.8 (M+H)⁺, 1.87 min (method 3). ¹H NMR (500 MHz,ACETONITRILE-d₃) δ 5.28 (dd, J=6.5, 1.6 Hz, 1H), 4.41 (s, 1H), 4.31 (s,1H), 3.27-2.97 (m, 11H), 2.94-2.83 (m, 1H), 2.20-1.24 (m, 32H), 1.16 (s,3H), 1.13-1.11 (m, 1H), 1.05 (s, 3H), 1.01 (s, 3H), 0.94 (s, 3H), 0.92(d, J=6.9 Hz, 3H), 0.88 (s, 3H), 0.84 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 3H).

Example 24 Preparation of(1R)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7R,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(2,6-dimethyl-1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1. Preparation of 4-(2-chloroethyl)-2,6-dimethylthiomorpholine1,1-dioxide

A mixture of 2,6-dimethylthiomorpholine 1,1-dioxide (100 mg, 0.613mmol), 2-chloroacetaldehyde (135 mg, 0.858 mmol) and borane-2-picolincomplex (72.1 mg, 0.674 mmol) in methanol (2 mL) and acetic acid (1 mL)was stirred at rt for 17 hours. The reaction mixture was washed withsat. sodium carbonate (10 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3×10mL). The combined organic phases were dried over sodium sulfate,filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to provide the titlecompound as colorless oil (90 mg, 65%). LCMS: m/e 226.2 (M+H)⁺, 0.54 min(method 3).

Step 2. A mixture of 4-(2-chloroethyl)-2,6-dimethylthiomorpholine1,1-dioxide (20.65 mg, 0.091 mmol), (R)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(30 mg, 0.046 mmol), potassium iodide (8.35 mg, 0.050 mmol) andpotassium phosphate (48.5 mg, 0.229 mmol) in acetonitrile (1 mL) washeated up at 120° C. for 16 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled tort, quenched with distilled water (3 mL) and extracted withdichloromethane (3×3 mL). The combined organic phases were washed withbrine (3 mL), dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated underreduced pressure to provide a white solid. This solid was dissolved inacetonitrile (1 mL) and sodium hydroxide (0.457 mL, 0.457 mmol) wasadded. The mixture was heated at 80° C. for 3 h and then it was filteredand purified by prep HPLC with acetonitrile/water/TFA to provide(1R)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(2,6-dimethyl-1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid as a white solid (12 mg, 33%). LCMS: m/e 755.8 (M+H)⁺, 1.96 min(method 3). ¹H NMR (500 MHz, METHANOL-d₄) δ 5.36 (br. s., 1H), 5.22 (dd,J=6.1, 1.7 Hz, 1H), 4.86 (br. s., 1H), 4.76 (s, 1H), 4.62-4.51 (m, 1H),4.50-4.39 (m, 1H), 3.39-3.11 (m, 7H), 3.01-2.73 (m, 4H), 2.57 (d, J=17.7Hz, 1H), 2.38-1.15 (m, 27H), 1.79 (s, 3H), 1.30 (dd, J=6.8, 3.3 Hz, 6H),1.17 (s, 3H), 1.13 (s, 3H), 1.02 (s, 3H), 0.98 (s, 3H), 0.95 (s, 3H).

Example 25 Preparation of(1S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(2,6-dimethyl-1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

A mixture of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(30 mg, 0.046 mmol), 4-(2-chloroethyl)-2,6-dimethylthiomorpholine1,1-dioxide (20.65 mg, 0.091 mmol), potassium iodide (8.35 mg, 0.050mmol) and potassium phosphate (48.5 mg, 0.229 mmol) in acetonitrile (1mL) was heated at 120° C. for 16 h. The reaction mixture was cooled tort, quenched with distilled water (3 mL) and extracted withdichloromethane (3×3 mL). The combined organic phases were washed withbrine (3 mL), dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated underreduced pressure to provide the a white solid. This white solid wasdissolved in acetonitrile (1 mL) and sodium hydroxide (0.457 mL, 0.457mmol) was added. The mixture was heated at 80° C. for 3 h, filtered andpurified by prep HPLC with acetonitrile/water/TFA to provide the titlecompound as a white solid (12 mg, 33%). LCMS: m/e 755.8 (M+H)⁺, 1.92 min(method 3). ¹H NMR (500 MHz, METHANOL-d₄) δ 5.35 (br. s., 1H), 5.22 (dd,J=6.1, 1.6 Hz, 1H), 4.86 (s, 1H), 4.76 (d, J=1.3 Hz, 1H), 4.61-4.51 (m,1H), 4.50-4.38 (m, 1H), 3.39-3.07 (m, 7H), 3.01-2.73 (m, 4H), 2.57 (d,J=16.6 Hz, 1H), 2.37-1.20 (m, 27H), 1.78 (s, 3H), 1.30 (dd, J=6.7, 3.1Hz, 6H), 1.17 (s, 3H), 1.13 (s, 3H), 1.00 (s, 3H), 0.98 (s, 3H), 0.95(s, 3H).

Example 26 Preparation of(1R)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(6-methyl-1,1-dioxido-1,4-thiazepan-4-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1. Preparation of 4-(2-chloroethyl)-6-methyl-1,4-thiazepane1,1-dioxide

A mixture of 6-methyl-1,4-thiazepane 1,1-dioxide (100 mg, 0.613 mmol),2-chloroacetaldehyde (0.107 mL, 0.858 mmol) and borane-2-picolin complex(72.1 mg, 0.674 mmol) in methanol (1 mL) and acetic acid (0.5 mL) wasstirred at rt for 17 hours. The reaction mixture was washed with sat.sodium carbonate (3 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3×2 mL). Thecombined organic phases were dried over sodium sulfate, filtered andconcentrated under reduced pressure to provide the title compound ascolorless oil (105 mg, 76%). LCMS: m/e 226.2 (M+H)⁺, 0.33 min (method3).

Step 2. A mixture of (R)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(20 mg, 0.030 mmol), 4-(2-chloroethyl)-6-methyl-1,4-thiazepane1,1-dioxide (27.5 mg, 0.122 mmol), potassium iodide (5.57 mg, 0.034mmol) and potassium phosphate (32.4 mg, 0.152 mmol) in acetonitrile (1mL) was heated at 120° C. for 16 h. The reaction mixture was cooled tort, quenched with distilled water (3 mL) and extracted withdichloromethane (3×2 mL). The combined organic phases were washed withbrine (3 mL), dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated underreduced pressure to provide the desired intermediate a white solid. Thissolid was dissolved in dioxane (1 mL) and sodium hydroxide (0.305 mL,0.305 mmol) was added. The mixture was heated at 80° C. for 3 h. Thereaction mixture was filtered and purified by prep HPLC with 0-70acetonitrile/water/TFA to provide(1R)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(6-methyl-1,1-dioxido-1,4-thiazepan-4-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid as a colorless oil (9.8 mg, 40%). LCMS: m/e 755.9 (M+H)⁺, 1.93 min(method 3). ¹H NMR (500 MHz, METHANOL-d₄) δ 5.36 (br. s., 1H), 5.22 (dd,J=6.1, 1.7 Hz, 1H), 4.86 (br. s., 1H), 4.76 (s, 1H), 4.61-4.51 (m, 1H),4.50-4.40 (m, 1H), 3.69-3.14 (m, 9H), 3.11-2.75 (m, 4H), 2.57 (d, J=17.2Hz, 1H), 2.49-2.24 (m, 2H), 2.22-1.15 (m, 26H), 1.78 (s, 3H), 1.19 (d,J=3.0 Hz, 3H), 1.13 (s, 3H), 1.09 (dd, J=7.0, 4.8 Hz, 3H), 1.01 (s, 3H),0.97 (s, 3H), 0.95 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 3H).

Example 27 Preparation of(1S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(6-methyl-1,1-dioxido-1,4-thiazepan-4-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

A mixture of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(20 mg, 0.030 mmol), 4-(2-chloroethyl)-6-methyl-1,4-thiazepane1,1-dioxide (34.4 mg, 0.152 mmol), potassium iodide (5.57 mg, 0.034mmol) and potassium phosphate (32.4 mg, 0.152 mmol) in acetonitrile (1mL) was heated at 120° C. for 16 h. The reaction mixture was cooled tort, quenched with distilled water (3 mL) and extracted withdichloromethane (3×2 mL). The combined organic phases were washed withbrine (3 mL), dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated underreduced pressure to provide a white solid. This solid was dissolved indioxane (1 mL) and sodium hydroxide (0.305 mL, 0.305 mmol) was added.The mixture was heated at 80° C. for 3 h. The reaction mixture wasfiltered and purified by prep HPLC with 0-70 acetonitrile/water/TFA toprovide the title compound as a colorless oil (6 mg, 25%). LCMS: m/e755.9 (M+H)⁺, 1.90 min (method 3). ¹H NMR (500 MHz, METHANOL-d₄) δ 5.35(br. s., 1H), 5.22 (dd, J=6.1, 1.7 Hz, 1H), 4.86 (br. s., 1H), 4.76 (s,1H), 4.62-4.51 (m, 1H), 4.51-4.40 (m, 1H), 3.67-3.15 (m, 9H), 3.10-2.75(m, 4H), 2.57 (d, J=18.1 Hz, 1H), 2.49-2.23 (m, 2H), 2.21-1.14 (m, 26H),1.78 (s, 3H), 1.22-1.17 (m, 3H), 1.13 (s, 3H), 1.10-1.06 (m, 3H), 1.00(s, 3H), 0.98 (s, 3H), 0.96 (s, 3H).

Example 28 Preparation of(S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((carboxymethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1. Preparation of2-(((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-9-((S)-4-((benzyloxy)carbonyl)-4-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-1-en-1-yl)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-3a-yl)amino)aceticAcid

A mixture of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(0.250 g, 0.381 mmol) and 2-oxoacetic acid monohydrate (0.053 g, 0.572mmol) in methanol (1 mL), THF (1 mL) and acetic acid (0.5 mL) wastreated with borane 2-picolin complex (0.061 g, 0.572 mmol). The mixtureimmediately effervesced upon addition and was stirred at rt. Afterstirring 2.5 h, the mixture was treated with additional borane 2-picolincomplex (0.061 g, 0.572 mmol) and 2-oxoacetic acid monohydrate (0.053 g,0.572 mmol) and the resulting solution was stirred at rt for anadditional 96 h. The crude mixture was purified by reverse phasepreparative HPLC (Prep HPLC Method 14) to provide the desired material(0.213 g, 78% yield) as a colorless glassy solid TFA salt. LCMS: m/z714.4 (M+H)⁺, 2.63 min (method 1). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, 1:1 mixture of CDCl₃and CD₃OD, CD₃OD lock) δ 7.59 (s, 2H), 7.38-7.26 (m, 3H), 5.31 (br. s.,1H), 5.21-5.12 (m, 2H), 5.10 (d, J=4.9 Hz, 1H), 4.81 (s, 1H), 4.73 (s,1H), 4.61-4.38 (dm, J=47.2 Hz, 2H), 3.50 (s, 2H), 2.70-2.54 (m, 2H),2.12 (d, J=7.8 Hz, 3H), 2.08-1.87 (m, 6H), 1.84-1.67 (m, 8H), 1.67-1.57(m, 3H), 1.56-1.40 (m, 6H), 1.40-1.28 (m, 3H), 1.28-1.21 (m, 1H), 1.17(s, 3H), 1.11-1.00 (m, 4H), 0.93-0.82 (m, 9H).

Step 2.2-(((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-9-((S)-4-((benzyloxy)carbonyl)-4-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-1-en-1-yl)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-3a-yl)amino)aceticacid TFA salt (0.050 g, 0.060 mmol) was combined with LiOH, 1M aqueous(0.483 mL, 0.483 mmol) and a mixture of THF (0.5 mL) and MeOH (0.5 mL).The resulting mixture was stirred at 80° C. for 30 min. The crudemixture was purified by reverse phase preparative HPLC (Prep HPLC Method15) to provide the title compound (0.0318 g, 71% yield) as a white solidTFA salt. LCMS: m/z 624.4 (M+H)⁺, 2.43 min (method 1). ¹H NMR (400 MHz,1:1 mixture of CDCl₃ and CD₃OD, CD₃OD lock) δ 5.33 (br. s., 1H), 5.18(d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 4.81 (s, 1H), 4.73 (s, 1H), 4.60-4.39 (dm, J=47.2 Hz,2H), 3.43 (s, 2H), 2.65 (td, J=11.0, 5.1 Hz, 1H), 2.55 (d, J=17.9 Hz,1H), 2.29-2.11 (m, 2H), 2.11-1.86 (m, 7H), 1.85-1.66 (m, 8H), 1.66-1.43(m, 8H), 1.43-1.24 (m, 4H), 1.18 (s, 4H), 1.14-1.01 (m, 4H), 0.96 (s,3H), 0.93 (s, 3H), 0.89 (s, 3H).

Example 29 Preparation of(S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)-2-oxoethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1. Preparation of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)-2-oxoethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

In a 1 dram vial with PTFE lined screw cap were combined2-(((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-9-((S)-4-((benzyloxy)carbonyl)-4-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-1-en-1-yl)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-3a-yl)amino)aceticacid, TFA (0.025 g, 0.030 mmol) with thiomorpholine 1,1-dioxide (10.20mg, 0.075 mmol) and HATU (0.029 g, 0.075 mmol) in THF (1 mL). To themixture was added DIPEA (0.026 mL, 0.151 mmol), and the resultingsolution was agitated overnight at rt. The crude mixture was purified byreverse phase preparative HPLC (Prep HPLC Method 16) to give the product(0.0269 g, 94% yield) as a white powder TFA salt. LCMS: m/z 831.5(M+H)⁺, 2.50 min (method 1).

Step 2. In a 1 dram vial with PTFE lined screw cap were combined(S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)-2-oxoethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate,TFA (0.0269 g, 0.028 mmol) with LiOH, 1M aqueous (0.063 mL, 0.063 mmol)and a mixture of THF (0.5 mL) and MeOH (0.5 mL). The resulting mixturewas stirred at 70° C. for 30 min and then to 80° C. for 1 h. AdditionalLiOH, 1M aqueous (0.080 mL, 0.080 mmol) was added and the mixture washeated to 70° C. for 20 min and then to 80° C. for 30 min. The crudemixture was purified by reverse phase preparative HPLC (Prep HPLC Method4) to give the title compound (0.0178 g, 66% yield) as a white glassysolid TFA salt. LCMS: m/z 741.5 (M+H)⁺, 2.34 min (method 1). ¹H NMR (400MHz, 1:1 mixture of CDCl₃ and CD₃OD, CD₃OD lock) δ 5.33 (br. s., 1H),5.19 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 4.82 (s, 1H), 4.74 (s, 1H), 4.59-4.40 (dm,J=47.2 Hz, 2H), 4.33-4.21 (m, 2H), 4.13-3.86 (m, 4H), 3.25 (t, J=4.9 Hz,2H), 3.18 (t, J=4.9 Hz, 2H), 2.76-2.65 (m, 1H), 2.55 (d, J=16.4 Hz, 1H),2.29-2.13 (m, 2H), 2.13-2.07 (m, 2H), 2.07-1.91 (m, 5H), 1.91-1.71 (m,7H), 1.71-1.20 (m, 14H), 1.18 (s, 3H), 1.15-1.02 (m, 4H), 0.96 (s, 3H),0.93 (s, 3H), 0.90 (s, 3H).

Example 30 Preparation of(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(4-hydroxy-4-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,111a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1. Preparation of (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(4-hydroxy-4-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

In a 1 dram vial with PTFE lined screw cap were combined2-(((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-9-((S)-4-((benzyloxy)carbonyl)-4-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-1-en-1-yl)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-3a-yl)amino)aceticacid, TFA (0.025 g, 0.030 mmol) with 4-methylpiperidin-4-ol (8.69 mg,0.075 mmol) and HATU (0.029 g, 0.075 mmol) in THF (1 mL). To the mixturewas added DIPEA (0.026 mL, 0.151 mmol), and the resulting solution wasagitated overnight at rt. The crude mixture was purified by reversephase preparative HPLC (Prep HPLC Method 16) to give the product (0.0280g, 100% yield) as a glassy solid TFA salt. LCMS: m/z 811.6 (M+H)⁺, 2.54min (method 1).

Step 2. (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(4-hydroxy-4-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate,TFA (0.028 g, 0.030 mmol) was dissolved in 1,2-dichloroethane (1 mL) andto the resulting solution was added triethylamine (10.97 μl, 0.079mmol), tert-butyldimethylsilane (0.015 mL, 0.091 mmol) and palladium(II)acetate (1.699 mg, 7.57 μmol). The mixture was flushed with nitrogen andheated to 60° C. for 1 h. The mixture was then concentrated via nitrogenstream to a residue and then redissolved in THF (0.8 mL). To the mixturewas added TBAF, 1.0M in THF (0.106 mL, 0.106 mmol) and the resultingmixture was stirred at rt for 30 min. The crude mixture was purified byreverse phase preparative HPLC (Prep HPLC Method 16) to give the titlecompound (0.0204 g, 79% yield) as a white solid TFA salt. LCMS: m/z721.5 (M+H)⁺, 2.16 min (method 1). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, 1:1 mixture of CDCl₃and CD₃OD, CD₃OD lock) δ 5.33 (br. s., 1H), 5.19 (d, J=4.9 Hz, 1H), 4.82(s, 1H), 4.74 (s, 1H), 4.44 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 4.25-4.13 (m, 1H),4.13-3.96 (m, 1H), 3.96-3.80 (m, 1H), 3.53-3.45 (m, 2H), 2.73-2.60 (m,1H), 2.60-2.49 (m, 1H), 2.28-2.13 (m, 2H), 2.13-1.92 (m, 7H), 1.90-1.71(m, 7H), 1.71-1.45 (m, 13H), 1.45-1.30 (m, 4H), 1.28 (d, J=4.2 Hz, 3H),1.20 (s, 3H), 1.10 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 1H), 1.07 (s, 3H), 0.96 (s, 3H), 0.94(s, 3H), 0.90 (s, 3H).

Example 31 Preparation of(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(4-(methylsulfonyl)piperidin-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

The title compound was prepared by the same procedure used for thepreparation of(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(4-hydroxy-4-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid, except 4-(methylsulfonyl)piperidine (0.012 g, 0.075 mmol) was usedinstead of 4-methylpiperidin-4-ol in Step 1. Purification of the crudeStep 2 mixture by reverse phase preparative HPLC (Prep HPLC Method 12)provided the title compound (0.0205 g, 70% yield over 2 steps) as awhite solid TFA salt. LCMS: m/z 769.4 (M+H)⁺, 2.33 min (method 1). ¹HNMR (400 MHz, 1:1 mixture of CDCl₃ and CD₃OD, CD₃OD lock) δ 5.33 (br.s., 1H), 5.22-5.16 (m, 1H), 4.82 (s, 1H), 4.74 (s, 1H), 4.72-4.61 (m,2H), 4.48-4.40 (m, 1H), 4.22-4.06 (m, 1H), 4.02-3.87 (m, 2H), 3.29-3.13(m, 1H), 3.00-2.87 (m, 4H), 2.73-2.62 (m, 1H), 2.55 (d, J=17.4 Hz, 1H),2.28-2.19 (m, 3H), 2.19-2.11 (m, 1H), 2.11-1.92 (m, 7H), 1.89-1.75 (m,5H), 1.74 (s, 3H), 1.71-1.60 (m, 4H), 1.58 (br. s., 1H), 1.55-1.41 (m,5H), 1.40-1.25 (m, 3H), 1.19 (s, 3H), 1.13-1.08 (m, 1H), 1.07 (s, 3H),0.96 (s, 3H), 0.94 (s, 3H), 0.90 (s, 3H).

Example 32 Preparation of(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-morpholino-2-oxoethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

The title compound was prepared by the same procedure used for thepreparation of(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(4-hydroxy-4-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid, except morpholine (6.58 μl, 0.075 mmol) was used instead of4-methylpiperidin-4-ol in Step 1. Purification of the crude Step 2mixture by reverse phase preparative HPLC (Prep HPLC Method 12) providedthe title compound (0.0185 g, 74% yield over 2 steps) as a white solidTFA salt. LCMS: m/z 693.4 (M+H)⁺, 2.35 min (method 1). ¹H NMR (400 MHz,1:1 mixture of CDCl₃ and CD₃OD, CD₃OD lock) d 5.33 (br. s., 1H),5.22-5.16 (m, 1H), 4.81 (s, 1H), 4.73 (s, 1H), 4.48-4.39 (m, 1H), 4.05(d, J=15.2 Hz, 1H), 3.88 (d, J=15.9 Hz, 1H), 3.78-3.71 (m, 4H),3.71-3.64 (m, 2H), 3.53-3.45 (m, 2H), 2.72-2.61 (m, 1H), 2.55 (d, J=16.4Hz, 1H), 2.19 (d, J=19.3 Hz, 2H), 2.13-2.07 (m, 1H), 2.07-1.90 (m, 6H),1.88-1.75 (m, 3H), 1.74 (s, 3H), 1.72-1.56 (m, 5H), 1.56-1.42 (m, 5H),1.42-1.25 (m, 4H), 1.19 (s, 4H), 1.15-1.08 (m, 1H), 1.07 (s, 3H), 0.96(s, 3H), 0.93 (s, 3H), 0.90 (s, 3H).

Example 33 Preparation of(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(4-(methylsulfonyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

The title compound was prepared by the same procedure used for thepreparation of(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(4-hydroxy-4-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid, except 1-(methylsulfonyl)piperazine (0.012 g, 0.075 mmol) was usedinstead of 4-methylpiperidin-4-ol in Step 1. Purification of the crudeStep 2 mixture by reverse phase preparative HPLC (Prep HPLC Method 12)provided the title compound (0.0210 g, 77% yield over 2 steps) as awhite solid TFA salt. LCMS: m/z 770.5 (M+H)⁺, 2.33 min (method 1). ¹HNMR (400 MHz, 1:1 mixture of CDCl₃ and CD₃OD, CD₃OD lock) δ 5.33 (br.s., 1H), 5.22-5.16 (m, 1H), 4.82 (s, 1H), 4.74 (s, 1H), 4.48-4.40 (m,1H), 4.21 (d, J=16.1 Hz, 1H), 3.96 (d, J=15.9 Hz, 1H), 3.92-3.83 (m,1H), 3.73 (ddd, J=13.6, 7.3, 3.3 Hz, 1H), 3.67-3.52 (m, 2H), 3.31-3.20(m, 2H), 2.88 (s, 3H), 2.71 (td, J=1.1, 4.9 Hz, 1H), 2.55 (d, J=15.9 Hz,1H), 2.29-2.13 (m, 2H), 2.13-1.91 (m, 7H), 1.89-1.71 (m, 7H), 1.71-1.60(m, 4H), 1.60-1.41 (m, 6H), 1.41-1.21 (m, 4H), 1.19 (s, 4H), 1.13-1.08(m, 1H), 1.07 (s, 3H), 0.96 (s, 3H), 0.94 (s, 3H), 0.90 (s, 3H).

Example 34 Preparation of(S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1,1-dioxido-1,4-thiazepan-4-yl)-2-oxoethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

The title compound was prepared by the same procedure used for thepreparation of(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(4-hydroxy-4-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid, except 1,4-thiazepane 1,1-dioxide (0.011 g, 0.075 mmol) was usedinstead of 4-methylpiperidin-4-ol in Step 1. Purification of the crudeStep 2 mixture by reverse phase preparative HPLC (Prep HPLC Method 12)provided the title compound (0.0188 g, 70% yield over 2 steps) as awhite solid TFA salt. LCMS: m/z 755.4 (M+H)⁺, 2.32 min (method 1). ¹HNMR (400 MHz, 1:1 mixture of CDCl₃ and CD₃OD, CD₃OD lock) δ 5.33 (br.s., 1H), 5.19 (d, J=4.9 Hz, 1H), 4.82 (s, 1H), 4.74 (s, 1H), 4.49-4.39(m, 1H), 4.25-4.10 (m, 1H), 4.04-3.91 (m, 2H), 3.91-3.81 (m, 1H),3.81-3.66 (m, 3H), 3.66-3.48 (m, 1H), 3.41 (t, J=5.9 Hz, 1H), 3.30-3.23(m, 1H), 2.77-2.64 (m, 1H), 2.55 (d, J=17.9 Hz, 1H), 2.32-2.13 (m, 3H),2.13-1.91 (m, 8H), 1.90-1.75 (m, 3H), 1.74 (s, 3H), 1.71-1.60 (m, 4H),1.59-1.44 (m, 5H), 1.44-1.29 (m, 4H), 1.19 (d, J=2.2 Hz, 4H), 1.10 (d,J=7.1 Hz, 1H), 1.07 (s, 3H), 0.97 (s, 3H), 0.94 (s, 3H), 0.90 (s, 3H).

Example 35 Preparation of(S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1,1-dioxidothiazolidin-3-yl)-2-oxoethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

The title compound was prepared by the same procedure used for thepreparation of(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(4-hydroxy-4-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid, except thiazolidine 1,1-dioxide (9.15 mg, 0.075 mmol) was usedinstead of 4-methylpiperidin-4-ol in Step 1. Purification of the crudeStep 2 mixture by reverse phase preparative HPLC (Prep HPLC Method 12)provided the title compound (0.0117 g, 45% yield over 2 steps) as awhite solid TFA salt. LCMS: m/z 727.4 (M+H)⁺, 2.31 min (method 1). ¹HNMR (400 MHz, 1:1 mixture of CDCl₃ and CD₃OD, CD₃OD lock) δ 5.33 (br.s., 1H), 5.19 (d, J=6.1 Hz, 1H), 4.81 (s, 1H), 4.72 (br. s., 1H), 4.64(br. s., 1H), 4.47-4.40 (m, 1H), 4.19-4.08 (m, 2H), 4.01-3.84 (m, 1H),3.49 (t, J=6.1 Hz, 1H), 3.41 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 2.74-2.63 (m, 1H), 2.55(d, J=17.1 Hz, 1H), 2.30-2.12 (m, 2H), 2.09 (br. s., 1H), 2.07-1.92 (m,5H), 1.92-1.75 (m, 4H), 1.73 (s, 3H), 1.69-1.44 (m, 9H), 1.44-1.36 (m,2H), 1.36-1.24 (m, 2H), 1.17 (d, J=4.6 Hz, 3H), 1.14-1.01 (m, 4H), 0.96(s, 3H), 0.93 (s, 3H), 0.90 (s, 3H).

Example 36 Preparation of(1S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(3-(methylsulfonyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

The title compound was prepared by the same procedure used for thepreparation of(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(4-hydroxy-4-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid, except 3-(methylsulfonyl)pyrrolidine (0.011 g, 0.075 mmol) wasused instead of 4-methylpiperidin-4-ol in Step 1. Purification of thecrude Step 2 mixture by reverse phase preparative HPLC (Prep HPLC Method12) provided the title compound (0.0117 g, 57% yield over 2 steps) as awhite solid TFA salt. LCMS: m/z 755.4 (M+H)⁺, 2.31 min (method 1). ¹HNMR (400 MHz, 1:1 mixture of CDCl₃ and CD₃OD, CD₃OD lock) δ 5.33 (br.s., 1H), 5.19 (d, J=5.4 Hz, 1H), 4.82 (s, 1H), 4.74 (br. s., 1H),4.47-4.39 (m, 1H), 4.19-3.97 (m, 2H), 3.97-3.81 (m, 3H), 3.81-3.61 (m,2H), 3.09-3.01 (m, 3H), 2.75-2.46 (m, 4H), 2.30-2.12 (m, 2H), 2.12-1.91(m, 7H), 1.88-1.75 (m, 3H), 1.74 (s, 3H), 1.71-1.61 (m, 4H), 1.59-1.42(m, 6H), 1.41-1.29 (m, 3H), 1.26 (br. s., 1H), 1.19 (s, 4H), 1.10 (d,J=8.6 Hz, 1H), 1.07 (s, 3H), 0.97 (s, 3H), 0.94 (s, 3H), 0.90 (s, 3H).

Example 37 Preparation of(S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-((1S,4S)-2,2-dioxido-2-thia-5-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-5-yl)-2-oxoethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

The title compound was prepared by the same procedure used for thepreparation of(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(4-hydroxy-4-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid, except (1S,4S)-2-thia-5-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane 2,2-dioxide,hydrobromide (0.017 g, 0.075 mmol) was used instead of4-methylpiperidin-4-ol in Step 1. Purification of the crude Step 2mixture by reverse phase preparative HPLC (Prep HPLC Method 12) providedthe title compound (0.0154 g, 57% yield over 2 steps) as a white solidTFA salt. LCMS: m/z 753.4 (M+H)⁺, 2.31 min (method 1). ¹H NMR (400 MHz,1:1 mixture of CDCl₃ and CD₃OD, CD₃OD lock) δ 5.33 (br. s., 1H),5.22-5.16 (m, 1H), 5.11 (d, J=3.4 Hz, 1H), 4.82 (s, 1H), 4.76-4.70 (m,1H), 4.48-4.39 (m, 1H), 4.17-4.07 (m, 1H), 3.99-3.84 (m, 2H), 3.84-3.69(m, 1H), 3.30-3.13 (m, 2H), 2.75-2.60 (m, 2H), 2.60-2.42 (m, 2H),2.29-2.12 (m, 2H), 2.12-1.90 (m, 7H), 1.87-1.75 (m, 3H), 1.74 (s, 3H),1.72-1.59 (m, 4H), 1.59-1.41 (m, 6H), 1.41-1.21 (m, 4H), 1.21-1.15 (m,4H), 1.10 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 1.07 (s, 3H), 0.96 (s, 3H), 0.93 (s, 3H),0.89 (s, 3H).

Example 38 Preparation of(R)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)carbamoyl)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid, TFA

Step 1. Preparation of(1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aR,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-9-(((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)oxy)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysene-3a-carboxylicAcid

To a solution of (1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aR,11bR,13aR,13bR)-benzyl5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-9-(((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)oxy)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysene-3a-carboxylate(1.500 g, 2.216 mmol) in DCE (20 mL) and acetic acid (5 mL) under aN₂(g) atmosphere was added palladium black (0.047 g, 0.443 mmol). Thereaction vessel was purged with H₂(g) and stirred under a H₂(g)atmosphere for 5 h, filtered, washed with DCM (50 mL) and concentratedto white solid. Crude material was triturated with minimal DCM andhexanes, concentrated to white slurry, filtered and washed with hexanesto give 1^(st) crop of desired product. The liquid filtrate was furtherconcentrated to white slurry, filtered and washed with hexanes to give asecond crop. Both crops were combined and dried under vacuum to give(1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aR,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-9-(((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)oxy)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysene-3a-carboxylicacid (1.1 g, 1.875 mmol, 85% yield) as white solid. LCMS: m/e 587.2(M+H)⁺, 3.23 min (method 1). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 5.57 (d,J=3.9 Hz, 1H), 4.76 (br. s., 1H), 4.63 (br. s., 1H), 3.03 (br. s., 1H),2.46-2.10 (m, 3H), 2.00 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 2H), 1.81-1.63 (m, 6H), 1.59-1.32(m, 12H), 1.25 (br. s., 3H), 1.13 (br. s., 3H), 1.02 (br. s., 3H), 1.00(br. s., 6H), 0.93 (br. s., 3H). ¹³C NMR (101 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ182.0, 155.4, 150.3, 113.7, 109.8, 56.4, 53.3, 49.2, 48.9, 46.9, 42.5,40.6, 40.3, 38.5, 37.9, 37.1, 36.4, 33.3, 32.1, 30.6, 29.7, 27.5, 25.5,21.4, 19.4, 19.39-19.33, 18.9, 16.2, 15.7, 14.6. ¹⁹F NMR (376 MHz,CHLOROFORM-d) δ −74.82 (br. s., 3F).

Step 2. Preparation of(1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aR,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)carbamoyl)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yltrifluoromethanesulfonate

To a solution of(1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aR,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-9-(((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)oxy)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysene-3a-carboxylicacid (0.500 g, 0.852 mmol) and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (0.520 mL, 2.98mmol) in DCM (10 mL) was added HATU (0.389 g, 1.023 mmol) and4-(2-aminoethyl)thiomorpholine 1,1-dioxide (0.182 g, 1.023 mmol). Thereaction was stirred at rt (10:25 am). After 2 h, the reaction wasdiluted with DCM and washed with 20 mL 5% aqueous citric acid. Theaqueous layer was extracted with DCM (25 mL). The combined organic waswashed with 10% Na₂CO₃, brine, dried over MgSO₄, filtered andconcentrated to clear viscous oil. Crude material was purified by columnchromatography (SiO₂, 24 g Isco cartridge, eluted with 97:3 DCM:MeOH)and dried under vacuum to give(1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aR,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)carbamoyl)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yltrifluoromethanesulfonate (394 mg, 0.527 mmol, 61.9% yield) as whitesolid. LCMS: m/e 747.5 (M+H)⁺, 2.75 min (method 1). ¹H NMR (400 MHz,CHLOROFORM-d) δ 5.87 (t, J=5.4 Hz, 1H), 5.56 (dd, J=6.6, 1.7 Hz, 1H),4.74 (d, J=1.5 Hz, 1H), 4.61 (s, 1H), 3.37 (q, J=6.0 Hz, 2H), 3.15-3.07(m, 1H), 3.05 (s, 7H), 2.66 (t, J=6.2 Hz, 2H), 2.56-2.46 (m, 1H), 2.16(dd, J=17.1, 6.8 Hz, 1H), 1.97-1.88 (m, 2H), 1.79-1.71 (m, 3H), 1.69 (s,3H), 1.66-1.54 (m, 3H), 1.52-1.30 (m, 10H), 1.25-1.16 (m, 2H), 1.12 (s,3H), 1.10-1.06 (m, 1H), 1.01 (s, 3H), 0.98 (s, 3H), 0.97 (s, 3H), 0.91(s, 3H). ¹³C NMR (101 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 176.3, 155.3, 150.6, 113.7,109.6, 55.7, 55.6, 53.3, 51.3, 50.7, 50.0, 49.0, 46.8, 42.5, 40.6, 40.2,38.6, 38.4, 37.9, 37.8, 36.3, 36.3, 33.8, 33.5, 30.8, 29.4, 27.4, 25.5,21.5, 19.5, 19.4, 19.0, 16.2, 15.9, 14.6. ¹⁹F NMR (376 MHz,CHLOROFORM-d) δ −74.83 (s, 3F).

Step 3. Preparation of (R)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)carbamoyl)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate,TFA.(1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aR,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)carbamoyl)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yltrifluoromethanesulfonate (250 mg, 0.335 mmol), (R)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(150 mg, 0.402 mmol) and Buchwald precatalyst 13 (92371-003-01) (10.53mg, 0.013 mmol) were combined. The reaction vessel was evacuated for 15mins in a vacuum oven then refilled back with a N₂(g). To the reactionflask was charged with pre-sparged with N₂(g) THF (4 mL) and aqueous0.5M K₃PO₄ (1.673 mL, 0.837 mmol). The reaction mixture was sparged withN₂(g) and stirred at 72° C. for 15 h and let cooled to rt overnight. Thereaction was diluted with EtOAc (50 mL) and washed with 1.5N K₃PO₄. Theaqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc (50 mL). The combined organiclayer was washed with brine, dried over MgSO₄, filtered and concentratedto brown viscous oil. Crude material was purified by flash columnchromatography (silica gel, 12 g, eluted with 97:3 DCM:MeOH) and driedto give product but still contaminated with a couple impurities. Thismaterial was further purified by reverse phase prep-HPLC (prep-HPLCmethods 8) and dried under vacuum to give (R)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)carbamoyl)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate,TFA (161 mg, 0.166 mmol, 49.6% yield) as white solid. LCMS: m/e 845.7(M+H)⁺, 3.25 min (method 1). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.39-7.30(m, 5H), 6.78 (br. s., 1H), 5.32 (br. s., 1H), 5.24-5.14 (m, 2H), 5.11(d, J=4.6 Hz, 1H), 4.74 (s, 1H), 4.62 (s, 1H), 4.60-4.54 (m, 1H),4.50-4.40 (m, 1H), 3.82-3.57 (m, 6H), 3.46 (br. s., 4H), 3.25 (t, J=5.6Hz, 2H), 3.05 (td, J=11.0, 3.9 Hz, 1H), 2.60 (d, J=17.1 Hz, 1H),2.41-2.31 (m, 1H), 2.24-2.03 (m, 4H), 2.02-1.90 (m, 3H), 1.88-1.72 (m,3H), 1.69 (s, 3H), 1.66-1.61 (m, 1H), 1.60-1.46 (m, 4H), 1.46-1.18 (m,10H), 1.05 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 2H), 0.97 (s, 3H), 0.92 (s, 6H), 0.87 (s, 3H),0.84 (s, 3H).

Step 4. To a solution of (R)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)carbamoyl)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate,TFA (96 mg, 0.100 mmol) in THF (1.0 mL) and MeOH (0.5 mL) was added asolution of 1N lithium hydroxide (0.500 mL, 0.500 mmol) and stirred at60° C. (11:25 AM). After 2 h, LC/MS showed reaction completed and it waslet cooled to rt. The reaction mixture was purified by reverse phaseprep-HPLC (prep-HPLC method 12) and dried under vacuum to give(R)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)carbamoyl)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid, TFA (66.1 mg, 0.075 mmol, 75% yield) as white solid. LCMS: m/e755.5 (M+H)⁺, 2.69 min (method 1). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, 1:1CDCl₃:METHANOL-d₄) δ 5.30 (br. s., 1H), 5.16 (d, J=4.6 Hz, 1H), 4.69 (d,J=1.7 Hz, 1H), 4.45-4.36 (m, 1H), 3.09 (s, 6H), 3.06-3.01 (m, 1H), 2.67(t, J=6.4 Hz, 2H), 2.57-2.45 (m, 2H), 2.30-2.19 (m, 1H), 2.12 (br. s.,1H), 2.08-2.04 (m, 1H), 2.02 (br. s., 1H), 2.00-1.92 (m, 2H), 1.91-1.81(m, 1H), 1.80-1.69 (m, 3H), 1.67 (s, 3H), 1.63-1.52 (m, 3H), 1.50-1.30(m, 10H), 1.29-1.14 (m, 5H), 1.09-0.99 (m, 2H), 0.97 (s, 3H), 0.95 (s,3H), 0.94 (br. s., 3H), 0.89 (s, 3H), 0.84 (s, 3H). ). ¹³C NMR (101 MHz,1:1 CD3Cl₃:METHANOL-d₄) δ 178.7, 178.0, 151.6, 148.9, 140.0, 122.3,122.2, 110.0, 78.6, 56.6, 56.2, 53.9, 51.7, 51.5, 50.9, 50.4, 47.6,46.2, 46.1, 43.2, 42.6, 41.4, 39.0, 38.7, 38.3, 37.1, 36.9, 34.57-34.44,33.9, 31.6, 30.3, 30.2, 29.9, 29.8, 27.1, 26.6, 22.2, 22.1, 20.45-20.36(m, 1C), 19.8, 16.9, 16.5, 15.1. ¹⁹F NMR (376 MHz, 1:1CDCl₃:METHANOL-d₄) δ −76.79 (s, 3F), −226.23 (t, J=47.7 Hz, 1F).

Example 39 and Example 40 Preparation of(1S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((3-amino-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid, TFA (Isomer A) and(1S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((3-amino-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid, TFA Isomer B)

Step 1. (1S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-3a-((1,1,1-trifluoro-3-nitropropan-2-yl)amino)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

To a solution of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(190 mg, 0.290 mmol) in DCM (2 mL) was added(1E)-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-nitropro-1ene (64.5 mg, 0.434 mmol) and stirredat rt. After 16 h, the reaction was concentrated to brown viscous oiland was purified by flash column chromatography (SiO₂, 24 g Iscocartridge, eluted with 9:1 Hex:EtOAc) and dried under vacuum to give(1S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-3a-((1,1,1-trifluoro-3-nitropropan-2-yl)amino)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(171.2 mg, 0.215 mmol, 74.2% yield) as white solid. LCMS: m/e 797.5(M+H)⁺, 4.55 min (method 10).

Step 2. (1S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((3-amino-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

To a solution of (1S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-3a-((1,1,1-trifluoro-3-nitropropan-2-yl)amino)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(26 mg, 0.033 mmol) in THF (1 mL) was added 1N HCl (0.489 mL, 0.489mmol). To the resulting slurry was added 1.5N Rieke zinc solution in THF(0.217 mL, 0.326 mmol). To the resulting grey slurry was added MeOH (1mL). The reaction became homogeneous solution and was stirred at rtovernight. After 15 h, the reaction was concentrated. The resultingresidue was dissolved with THF (5 mL), neutralized with 1.5 K₃PO₄ (5 mL)and the mixture was extracted with 2×25 mL EtOAc. The combined organiclayer was washed with brine, dried over MgSO₄, filtered and concentratedto white foam. The material was used as crude in the next step. LCMS:m/e 767.6 (M+H)⁺, 4.96 min (method 10).

Step 3.(1S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((3-amino-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid, TFA (isomer A) and(1S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((3-amino-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid, TFA Isomer B)

To a solution of crude material, (1S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((3-amino-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(25 mg, 0.033 mmol), from experiments 99699-178 in THF (1 mL) and MeOH(0.5 mL) was added a solution of 1N lithium hydroxide (0.114 mL, 0.114mmol). The reaction was stirred at 65° C. After 4 h, the reaction waslet cooled to rt and was purified by reverse phase prep-HPLC(prep-method 13) and dried under vacuum to give isomer A,(1S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((3-amino-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid, TFA and isomer B,(1S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((3-amino-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid, TFA; both as white solid.

Example 39

Isomer A: LCMS: m/e 675.8 (M+H)⁺, 4.29 min (method 11). ¹H NMR (400 MHz,1:1 CHLOROFORM-d:METHANOL-d₄) δ 5.31 (br. s., 1H), 5.16 (d, J=4.9 Hz,1H), 4.72 (br. s., 1H), 4.67 (br. s., 1H), 4.54-4.49 (m, 2H), 4.45-4.38(m, 2H), 4.25 (br. s., 2H), 3.73 (t, J=6.5 Hz, 2H), 3.59 (br. s., 1H),3.15-3.05 (m, 1H), 3.03-2.96 (m, 1H), 2.69 (td, J=11.0, 5.6 Hz, 1H),2.53 (d, J=18.3 Hz, 1H), 2.17 (d, J=18.6 Hz, 2H), 2.05 (d, J=18.1 Hz,1H), 2.01-1.90 (m, 2H), 1.89-1.84 (m, 2H), 1.82-1.71 (m, 4H), 1.68 (s,3H), 1.66-1.61 (m, 1H), 1.56 (d, J=16.4 Hz, 1H), 1.44 (d, J=6.4 Hz, 6H),1.38-1.22 (m, 5H), 1.20 (s, 1H), 1.07 (br. s., 2H), 1.04 (s, 3H), 0.97(s, 3H), 0.94 (s, 3H), 0.91 (s, 2H), 0.85 (s, 3H). ¹⁹F NMR-1H Decoupled(376 MHz, 1:1 CHLOROFORM-d:METHANOL-d₄) δ −73.36 (s, 3F), −76.38 (s,3F), −226.33 (s, 1F). ¹⁹F NMR (376 MHz, 1:1 CHLOROFORM-d:METHANOL-d₄) δ−73.37 (d, J=6.9 Hz, 3F), −76.39 (s, 3F), −226.14-−226.54 (m, 1F).

Example 40

Isomer B: LCMS: m/e 675.7 (M+H)⁺, 4.63 min (method 11). ¹H NMR (400 MHz,1:1 CHLOROFORM-d:METHANOL-d₄) δ 5.30 (br. s., 1H), 5.16 (d, J=4.6 Hz,1H), 4.70 (s, 1H), 4.46-4.36 (m, 2H), 3.72 (t, J=6.6 Hz, 1H), 3.64 (dd,J=7.2, 3.5 Hz, 1H), 3.24-3.15 (m, 1H), 3.14-3.04 (m, 1H), 2.62-2.46 (m,2H), 2.30-2.11 (m, 2H), 2.10-2.00 (m, 2H), 1.99-1.89 (m, 4H), 1.86 (dt,J=6.7, 3.2 Hz, 1H), 1.80-1.70 (m, 3H), 1.68 (s, 3H), 1.66 (br. s., 1H),1.64-1.57 (m, 1H), 1.55-1.48 (m, 3H), 1.47-1.38 (m, 5H), 1.38-1.29 (m,2H), 1.28-1.18 (m, 2H), 1.12 (br. s., 2H), 1.07 (s, 3H), 1.04 (br. s.,1H), 0.97 (s, 3H), 0.94 (s, 3H), 0.91 (s, 3H), 0.86 (s, 3H). ¹⁹F NMR(376 MHz, 1:1 CHLOROFORM-d:METHANOL-d₄) δ −73.84 (s, 3F), −76.35 (s,5F), −226.26 (s, 1F).

Example 41 and Example 42 Preparation of(1S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((3-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid, TFA (Isomer A) and(1S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((3-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid, TFA (Isomer B)

Step 1. Preparation of (1S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((3-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

To a solution of (1S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((3-amino-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(107 mg, 0.139 mmol) in 2-Propanol (3 mL) was added divinyl sulfone(0.020 mL, 0.167 mmol) and stirred at 85° C. After 22 h, the reactionwas cooled to rt and concentrated to give (1S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((3-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylateas viscous brown oil and it was used directly in the next step.

Step 2. Preparation of(1S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((3-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid, TFA (Isomer A) and(1S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((3-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid, TFA (Isomer B)

To (1S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((3-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylatewas dissolved in THF (1 mL) and MeOH (1 mL) and treated with a solutionof 1N lithium hydroxide (0.697 mL, 0.697 mmol), heated to 65° C. for 4 hand let cooled to rt. The reaction content was subjected to reversephase HPLC purification using prep-Method below and dried under vacuumto give isomer A as(1S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((3-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid, TFA (32 mg, 0.035 mmol, 24.98% yield) and isomer B as(1S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((3-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)-1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-yl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid, TFA (24.3 mg, 0.026 mmol, 18.97% yield), both as white solid.

Example 41

Isomer A: LCMS: m/e 795.6 (M+H)⁺, 4.11 min (method 11). ¹H NMR (400 MHz,1:1 CDCl3:METHANOL-d₄) □ 5.30 (br. s., 1H), 5.16 (t, J=4.0 Hz, 1H), 5.12(s, 1H), 4.70 (d, J=9.5 Hz, 1H), 4.46-4.36 (m, 2H), 4.21-4.06 (m, 1H),3.23-2.94 (m, 10H), 2.88-2.76 (m, 1H), 2.70-2.46 (m, 3H), 2.44-2.27 (m,1H), 2.26-2.12 (m, 3H), 2.11-2.01 (m, 2H), 2.00-1.85 (m, 4H), 1.81-1.69(m, 3H), 1.68 (s, 1H), 1.66 (s, 2H), 1.61 (d, J=11.7 Hz, 1H), 1.58-1.51(m, 1H), 1.51-1.34 (m, 7H), 1.34-1.18 (m, 4H), 1.11-1.05 (m, 1H), 1.04(s, 2H), 0.98 (s, 1.5H), 0.96 (s, 1.5H), 0.94 (s, 6H), 0.91 (s, 3H),0.86 (s, 1.5H), 0.85 (br. s., 1.5H).

Example 42

Isomer B: LCMS: m/e 795.6 (M+H)⁺, 4.19 min (method 11). ¹H NMR (400 MHz,1:1 CDCl3:METHANOL-d₄) δ 5.30 (br. s., 1H), 5.20-5.14 (m, 1H), 5.12 (s,1H), 4.77-4.67 (m, 1H), 4.60-4.48 (m, 3H), 3.86 (d, J=3.4 Hz, 1H),3.21-2.99 (m, 9H), 2.96-2.71 (m, 2H), 2.70-2.57 (m, 2H), 2.52 (d, J=17.4Hz, 1H), 2.34-2.12 (m, 3H), 2.05 (d, J=19.1 Hz, 2H), 2.01-1.89 (m, 3H),1.81-1.67 (m, 4H), 1.66 (s, 3H), 1.62-1.54 (m, 2H), 1.54-1.36 (m, 7H),1.35-1.12 (m, 5H), 1.07 (br. s., 1H), 1.05 (s, 3H), 0.97 (s, 3H), 0.95(s, 1H), 0.93 (s, 3H), 0.90 (s, 3H), 0.84 (s, 3H).

Example 43 Preparation of(S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-((2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)sulfonyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid, 2 TFA

Step 1. (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-((2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)sulfonyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

To a solution of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(0.100 g, 0.152 mmol) in DCE (1 mL) was added divinyl sulfone (0.037 mL,0.305 mmol) and stirred at 65° C. for 15 h and cooled to rt. LCMS: m/e774.5 (M+H)⁺, 4.53 min (method 10).

To the reaction mixture above was added thiomorpholine 1,1-dioxide(0.041 g, 0.305 mmol) stirred at 85° C. for 8 h and let cooled back tort. The reaction was concentrated and dried under vacuum to give crude(S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-((2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)sulfonyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylateas viscous dark brown oil which was used as crude in the next step.LCMS: m/e 909.8 (M+H)⁺, 4.79 min (method 10).

Step 2. Preparation of(S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-((2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)sulfonyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid, 2 TFA

To a solution of crude (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-((2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)sulfonyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(139 mg, 0.153 mmol) in THF (1 mL) and MeOH (0.5 mL) was added asolution of 1N lithium hydroxide (0.535 mL, 0.535 mmol). The reactionwas stirred at 65° C. for 3 h and cooled to rt. The reaction content waspurified by reverse phase prep-HPLC (prep-method 12) and dried undervacuum to give(S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-((2-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)ethyl)sulfonyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid, 2 TFA (66.7 mg, 0.061 mmol, 39.6% yield for the three reactionsteps) as white solid. LCMS: m/e 819.7 (M+H)⁺, 3.90 min (method 12). ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 5.34 (br. s., 1H), 5.19 (d, J=4.6 Hz, 1H),4.80 (s, 1H), 4.71 (s, 1H), 4.60 (s, 1H), 4.48 (s, 1H), 4.35-4.24 (m,1H), 4.07 (br. s., 3H), 3.78 (t, J=6.6 Hz, 1H), 3.67-3.47 (m, 4H), 3.32(dt, J=14.7, 5.6 Hz, 1H), 3.20-3.00 (m, 10H), 2.86-2.76 (m, 1H), 2.56(d, J=17.4 Hz, 1H), 2.26-2.16 (m, 3H), 2.15-2.05 (m, 3H), 2.03-1.92 (m,3H), 1.70 (s, 3H), 1.69 (br. s., 1H), 1.63-1.49 (m, 4H), 1.44 (br. s.,4H), 1.37 (d, J=11.0 Hz, 1H), 1.30 (br. s., 2H), 1.10 (s, 3H), 1.06 (d,J=7.6 Hz, 2H), 1.03 (s, 3H), 0.95 (s, 3H), 0.92 (s, 3H), 0.88 (s, 3H).¹⁹F NMR (376 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ −75.76 (s, 6F), −224.87 (s, 1F).

Section 2 LC/MS Methods LC/MS Method 2-1

Conditions: 0% B→100% B over 2 minute gradient; hold at 100% B for 1 minSolvent A: 90% water, 10% methanol, 0.1% TFASolvent B: 10% water, 90% methanol, 0.1% TFA

Column: Phenomenex Luna C18, 2.0×50 mm, 3 μm

Flow Rate: 1 mL/min

Detector Wavelength: 220 nm LC/MS Method 2-2

Conditions: 0% B→100% B over 4 minute gradient; hold at 100% B for 1 minSolvent A: 90% water, 10% methanol, 0.1% TFASolvent B: 10% water, 90% methanol, 0.1% TFA

Column: Phenomenex Luna C18, 3 mm, 2.0×50 mm

Flow Rate: 1 mL/min

Detector Wavelength: 220 nm LC/MS Method 2-3

Conditions: 0% B→100% B over 4 minute gradient; hold at 100% B for 2 minSolvent A: 90% water, 10% methanol, 0.1% TFASolvent B: 10% water, 90% methanol, 0.1% TFA

Column: Phenomenex Luna C18, 3 mm, 2.0×50 mm

Flow Rate: 0.8 mL/min

Detector Wavelength: 220 nm Prep HPLC Methods Prep HPLC Method 2-1

Conditions: 30% B→100% B over 20 minute gradient; hold at 100% B for 4minSolvent A: 5% acetonitrile, 95% water, 0.1% TFASolvent B: 95% acetonitrile, 5% water 0.1% TFA

Column: Waters Xbridge 30×100 mm, 5 μm

Flow Rate: 40 mL/min

Detector Wavelength: 220 nm Prep HPLC Method 2-2

Conditions: see experimental sectionSolvent A: 5:95 acetonitrile: water with 10-mM ammonium acetateSolvent B: 95:5 acetonitrile: water with 10-mM ammonium acetate

Column: Waters Xbridge C18, 19×200 mm, 5-μm

Flow Rate: 20 mL/min

Detector Wavelength: 220 nm Prep HPLC Method 2-3

Conditions: 50 B→100% B over 20 minutes gradient; hold at 100% B for 5minSolvent A: 5:95 acetonitrile: water with 0.1% trifluoroacetic acidSolvent B: 95:5 acetonitrile: water with 0.1% trifluoroacetic acidColumn: Xbridge C18, 19×200 mm, 5-μm particlesFlow Rate: 20 mL/min

Detector Wavelength: 220 nm Prep HPLC Method 2-4

Conditions: 10% B→100% B over 20 minute gradient; hold at 100% B for 5minSolvent A: 5% acetonitrile, 95% water, 0.1% TFASolvent B: 95% acetonitrile, 5% water 0.1% TFA

Column: Waters Sunfire 30×150 mm, 5 um

Flow Rate: 40 mL/min

Detector Wavelength: 220 nm Prep HPLC Method 2-5

Conditions: 30% B→100% B over 20 minute gradient; hold at 100% B for 5minSolvent A: 5% acetonitrile, 95% water, 0.1% TFASolvent B: 95% acetonitrile, 5% water 0.1% TFA

Column: Waters Sunfire 30×150 mm, 5 um

Flow Rate: 40 mL/min

Detector Wavelength: 220 nm Prep HPLC Method 2-6

Conditions: 10% B→100% B over 20 minute gradient; hold at 100% B for 2minSolvent A: 10% methanol, 90% water, 0.1% TFASolvent B: 90% methanol, 10% water 0.1% TFA

Column: Waters Sunfire 30×100 mm, 5 μm

Flow Rate: 40 mL/min

Detector Wavelength: 220 nm Analytical HPLC Methods Analytical HPLCMethod 2-1

Conditions: 10% B→100% B over 15 min gradient; hold at 100% B for 10 minSolvent A: 10% methanol, 90% water, 0.1% TFASolvent B: 90% methanol, 10% water, 0.1% TFA

Column: Waters Sunfire C18, 4.6×150 mm, 3.5 mm

Flow Rate: 1 mL/min

Detector Wavelength: 220 nm Analytical HPLC Method 2-2

Conditions: 10% B→100% B over 15 min gradient; hold at 100% B for 10 minSolvent A: 10% methanol, 90% water, 0.1% TFASolvent B: 90% methanol, 10% water, 0.1% TFAColumn: Waters Xbridge phenyl, 4.6×150 mm, 3.5 mmFlow Rate: 1 mL/min

Detector Wavelength: 220 nm Analytical HPLC Method 2-3

Gradient: 0→100% B over 3 minutes, then a 0.5-minute hold at 100% BSolvent A: 5:95 acetonitrile:water with 10 mM ammonium acetateSolvent B: 95:5 acetonitrile:water with 10 mM ammonium acetateColumn: Waters BEH C18, 2.0×50 mm, 1.7-μm particlesFlow Rate: 1 mL/min

Detector Wavelength: 220 nm Temperature: 50° C. Analytical HPLC Method2-4

Gradient: 0→100% B over 3 minutes, then a 0.5-minute hold at 100% BSolvent A: 5:95 acetonitrile:water with 10 mM ammonium acetateSolvent B: 95:5 acetonitrile:water with 10 mM ammonium acetateColumn: Waters BEH C18, 2.0×50 mm, 1.7-μm particlesFlow Rate: 1 mL/min

Detector Wavelength: 220 nm Temperature: 50° C. Analytical HPLC Method2-5

Conditions: 10% B→100% B over 15 min gradient; hold at 100% B for 10 minSolvent A: 5% acetonitrile, 95% water, 0.1% TFASolvent B: 95% acetonitrile, 5% water, 0.1% TFA

Column: Waters Sunfire C18, 3.0×150 mm, 3.5 um

Flow Rate: 0.5 mL/min

Detector Wavelength: 220 nm Analytical HPLC Method 2-6

Conditions: 10% B→100% B over 15 min gradient; hold at 100% B for 10 minSolvent A: 5% acetonitrile, 95% water, 0.1% TFASolvent B: 95% acetonitrile, 5% water, 0.1% TFAColumn: Waters Xbridge phenyl, 3.0×150 mm, 3.5 umFlow Rate: 0.5 mL/min

Example 2-1 Preparation of(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1. Preparation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate

To a solution of 3-methylbutane-1,3-diol (1.00 g, 9.60 mmol) in pyridine(10 mL) at 0° C. was added p-toluenesulfonyl chloride (2.014 g, 10.56mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred for 16 h while allowing thereaction mixture to slowly warm up to room temperature by dissipation ofthe ice-water bath. The mixture was transferred to a separatory funnelcontaining ethyl acetate (100 mL). The organic layer was washed with 1 NHCl (3×50 mL). The organic layer was then washed with saturated NaHCO₃solution (50 mL), brine (50 mL), dried over MgSO₄, filtered, andconcentrated. The product was purified by column chromatography onsilica gel (30%→50% ethyl acetate in hexanes; 220 g column) to afford3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate (2.03 g, 7.86 mmol, 82%yield) as a colorless oil: ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.85-7.78(m, 2H), 7.37 (dd, J=8.5, 0.8 Hz, 2H), 4.23 (t, J=6.9 Hz, 2H), 2.47 (s,3H), 1.88 (t, J=6.9 Hz, 2H), 1.24 (s, 6H); LC/MS: The product did notionize, t_(R)=1.78 min (method 2-1).

Step 2. Preparation of 4-bromo-2-methylbutan-2-ol

To a solution of 3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate (400mg, 1.548 mmol) in THF (15 mL) at room temperature was added lithiumbromide (403 mg, 4.65 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at roomtemperature overnight. The mixture was transferred to a separatoryfunnel containing saturated aqueous NaHCO₃ solution (10 mL) and water(10 mL). The aqueous layer was extracted with ether (3×20 mL). Thecombined organic layers were washed with brine (10 mL), dried overMgSO₄, filtered, and concentrated. The product was purified by columnchromatography on silica gel (20%→40% ethyl acetate in hexanes; 80 gcolumn) to afford 4-bromo-2-methylbutan-2-ol (231 mg, 1.383 mmol, 89%yield) as a colorless oil: ¹H NMR (500 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 3.55-3.49(m, 2H), 2.15-2.09 (m, 2H), 1.28 (s, 6H).

Step 3. Preparation of (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

To a mixture of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(70 mg, 0.107 mmol), 4-bromo-2-methylbutan-2-ol (24.96 mg, 0.149 mmol),potassium phosphate tribasic (68.0 mg, 0.320 mmol), and potassium iodide(24.80 mg, 0.149 mmol) in an oven-dried vial was added acetonitrile (0.8mL). The cap was sealed and the reaction mixture was heated at 120° C.for 2 h. During this time the solvent evaporated. Additionalacetonitrile (0.8 mL) was added and the reaction mixture was heated for1 h at 120° C. The mixture was transferred to a separatory funnelcontaining water (5 mL). The aqueous layer was extracted withdichloromethane (3×10 mL). The combined organic layers were washed withbrine (5 mL), dried over MgSO₄, filtered, and concentrated. The productwas purified by column chromatography on silica gel (10% 9:1acetone:methanol/90% hexanes→30% 9:1 acetone:methanol/70% hexanes; 24 gcolumn, λ=220 nm) to afford (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(56.6 mg, 0.076 mmol, 72% yield) as a colorless foam: ¹H NMR (500 MHz,CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.42-7.31 (m, 5H), 5.33 (br. s., 1H), 5.23-5.16 (m, 2H),5.13 (dd, J=6.2, 1.8 Hz, 1H), 4.72 (s, 1H), 4.63-4.55 (m, 2H), 4.52-4.45(m, 1H), 2.86-2.78 (m, 1H), 2.77-2.68 (m, 1H), 2.65-2.53 (m, 2H),2.18-0.86 (m, 29H), 1.69 (s, 3H), 1.27 (s, 6H), 1.07 (s, 3H), 0.98 (s,3H), 0.91 (s, 3H), 0.90 (s, 3H), 0.86 (s, 3H); LC/MS m/e 742.6 [(M+H)⁺,calcd for C₄₉H₇₃FNO₃ 742.6], t_(R)=4.86 min (method 2-3).

Step 4. A solution of (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(72 mg, 0.097 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (1.4 mL) and EtOH (0.7 mL) wastreated with sodium hydroxide (2M aq) (0.243 mL, 0.485 mmol). Thereaction mixture was heated at 70° C. for 2 h. The mixture was cooled toroom temperature, was filtered through a syringe filter, and waspurified by reverse phase preparative HPLC (Method 2-1). The organicsolvent was evaporated on the rotovapor and the aqueous mixture waslyophilized to afford(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid.TFA (55.4 mg, 74% yield) as a white amorphous solid: ¹H NMR (500MHz, Acetic Acid-d₄) δ 5.39 (br. s., 1H), 5.27-5.21 (m, 1H), 4.82 (s,1H), 4.72 (s, 1H), 4.61 (dt, J=10.8, 9.0 Hz, 1H), 4.51 (dt, J=10.8, 9.2Hz, 1H), 3.46-3.38 (m, 1H), 3.38-3.30 (m, 1H), 2.91-2.83 (m, 1H), 2.61(d, J=17.1 Hz, 1H), 2.32-1.09 (m, 29H), 1.75 (s, 3H), 1.36 (s, 3H), 1.33(s, 3H), 1.13 (s, 3H), 1.09 (s, 3H), 1.00 (s, 3H), 0.99 (s, 3H), 0.94(s, 3H); LC/MS m/e 652.5 [(M+H)⁺, calcd for C₄₂H₆₇FNO₃ 652.5],t_(R)=4.40 min (method 2-2); HPLC (method 2-1): t_(R)=18.97 min; HPLC(method 2-2): t_(R)=20.16 min.

Example 2-2 Preparation of(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1. Preparation of 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate

To a solution of 2-methylpropane-1,2-diol (415 mg, 4.60 mmol) inpyridine (5 mL) at 0° C. was added p-toluenesulfonyl chloride (966 mg,5.07 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred for 16 h while allowing thereaction mixture to slowly warm up to room temperature by dissipation ofthe ice-water bath. The mixture was transferred to a separatory funnelcontaining ethyl acetate (50 mL). The organic layer was washed with 1 NHCl (3×25 mL). The organic layer was then washed with saturated NaHCO₃solution (25 mL), brine (25 mL), dried over MgSO₄, filtered, andconcentrated. The product was purified by column chromatography onsilica gel (30%→50% ethyl acetate in hexanes; 120 g column) to afford2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate (1.01 g, 4.13 mmol,90% yield) as a colorless oil: ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ7.86-7.78 (m, 2H), 7.38 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H), 3.86 (s, 2H), 2.48 (s, 3H),1.24 (s, 6H); LC/MS: The product did not ionize, t_(R)=1.70 min (method2-1).

Step 2. Preparation of (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

To a solution of 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate(22.35 mg, 0.091 mmol) in acetonitrile (0.7 mL) was added (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,111a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(50 mg, 0.076 mmol), potassium phosphate tribasic (32.4 mg, 0.152 mmol,2 eq), and potassium iodide (63.27 mg, 0.381 mmol). The reaction mixturewas heated at 100° C. for 6 h. Additional 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl4-methylbenzenesulfonate (56 mg, 0.229 mmol, 3 eq) and potassiumphosphate tribasic (16 mg, 0.076 mmol, 1 eq) was then added and thereaction mixture was heated at 120° C. for 22 h. Additional2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate (37 mg, 0.153 mmol, 2eq), potassium phosphate tribasic (32 mg, 0.152 mmol, 2 eq), andpotassium iodide (28 mg, 0.168 mmol, 2.2 eq) was then added and thereaction mixture was heated at 120° C. for an additional 18 h. Thereaction mixture was cooled to room temperature. The mixture wastransferred to a separatory funnel containing water (10 mL). The aqueouslayer was extracted with dichloromethane (3×10 mL). The combined organiclayers were washed with brine (10 mL), dried over MgSO₄, filtered, andconcentrated. The product was used directly in the next step withoutfurther purification: LC/MS m/e 728.6 [(M+H)⁺, calcd for C₄₈H₇₁FNO₃728.5], t_(R)=4.72 min (method 2-2).

Step 3. A solution of (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(55 mg, 0.076 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (0.5 mL) and EtOH (0.25 mL) wastreated with sodium hydroxide (0.189 mL, 0.378 mmol). The reactionmixture was heated at 70° C. for 2 h. The mixture was cooled to roomtemperature, was filtered through a syringe filter, and was purified byreverse phase preparative HPLC (Method 2-1). The organic solvent wasevaporated on the rotovapor and the aqueous mixture was lyophilized toafford(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid.TFA (2.7 mg, 5% yield) as a white amorphous solid: ¹H NMR (500 MHz,Acetic Acid-d₄) δ 5.39 (br. s., 1H), 5.25 (d, J=4.6 Hz, 1H), 4.83 (s,1H), 4.72 (s, 1H), 4.65-4.57 (m, 1H), 4.55-4.46 (m, 1H), 3.51 (d, J=12.7Hz, 1H), 3.06 (d, J=12.4 Hz, 1H), 3.03-2.95 (m, 1H), 2.61 (d, J=16.9 Hz,1H), 2.32-1.07 (m, 27H), 1.75 (s, 3H), 1.43 (s, 3H), 1.41 (s, 3H), 1.18(s, 3H), 1.10 (s, 3H), 1.00 (s, 3H), 0.99 (s, 3H), 0.95 (s, 3H); LC/MSm/e 738.6 [(M+H)⁺, calcd for C₄₁H₆₅FNO₃ 738.5], t_(R)=4.29 min (method2-2). HPLC (method 2-1): t_(R)=18.88 min; HPLC (method 2-2): t_(R)=20.24min.

Example 2-3 Preparation of(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((4-hydroxy-4-methylpentyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1. Preparation of 5,5-dimethyltetrahydrofuran-2-ol

DIBAL (1.314 mL, 1.314 mmol) was added to a solution of5,5-dimethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (100 mg, 0.876 mmol) in THF (10 mL)under nitrogen at −78° C. The reaction mixture was stirred at −78° C.for 3 h. A solution of Rochelle's salt was added to the reactionmixture, which was stirred at rt for 30 min. The reaction mixture waspartitioned between EtOAc and water. The organic layer was washed withbrine, dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum toafford the crude product (35 mg, 0.301 mmol, 34% yield). ¹H-NMR of thecrude product showed that it was in equilibrium between4-hydroxy-4-methylpentanal and 5,5-dimethyltetrahydrofuran-2-ol with5,5-dimethyltetrahydrofuran-2-ol (35 mg, 0.301 mmol, 34% yield) beingthe predominant form. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 5.51 (d, J=4.8Hz, 1H), 2.90 (br. s., 1H), 2.03-1.94 (m, 2H), 1.82-1.64 (m, 2H), 1.43(s, 3H), 1.22 (s, 3H).

Step 2. Preparation of (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((4-hydroxy-4-methylpentyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

To a solution of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(25 mg, 0.038 mmol) and 5,5-dimethyltetrahydrofuran-2-ol (13.28 mg,0.114 mmol) in DCE (0.6 mL) was added titanium(IV) isopropoxide (0.018mL, 0.061 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h.Sodium triacetoxyborohydride (16.15 mg, 0.076 mmol) was added and themixture was stirred at rt for 16 h. The reaction mixture was partitionedbetween DCM and sat. aq. sodium bicarbonate solution. The organic layerwas washed with brine, dried over magnesium sulfate and concentratedunder vacuum to afford (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((4-hydroxy-4-methylpentyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(28.8 mg, 0.038 mmol, 100% yield). The crude product was used in thenext step without further purification. LC/MS m/e 756.7 [(M+H)⁺, calcdfor C₅₀H₇₄FNO₃ 756.6] t_(R)=2.66 min (method 2-1).

Step 3. Sodium hydroxide (0.048 mL, 0.190 mmol, 4 N aq) was added to asolution of crude (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((4-hydroxy-4-methylpentyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(28.7 mg, 0.038 mmol) in dioxane (1 mL) and ethanol (0.500 mL). Thereaction mixture was stirred at 70° C. for 2 h. The mixture was cooledto room temperature and the crude material was purified by reverse phasepreparative HPLC (method 2-2, gradient: 60-100% B over 10 minutes, thena 15-minute hold at 100%) to afford(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((4-hydroxy-4-methylpentyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid (2.8 mg, 4.08 μmol, 11% yield); LC/MS m/e 666.6 [(M+H)⁺, calcd forC₄₃H₆₈FNO₃ 666.5] t_(R)=2.40 min (method 2-1); HPLC (method 2-3):t_(R)=2.76 min; HPLC (method 2-4): t_(R)=2.11 min.

Example 2-4 Preparation of(S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((3-ethyl-3-hydroxypentyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1. Preparation of 3-ethylhex-5-en-3-ol

To a solution of allylmagnesium bromide (13.93 mL, 13.93 mmol) in THF(10 mL) at 0° C. was added pentan-3-one (400 mg, 4.64 mmol). The coolingbath was removed and the reaction mixture was stirred at roomtemperature for 1 h. The reaction mixture was cooled in an ice-waterbath and was quenched by the addition of saturated aqueous NH₄Clsolution (20 mL). The mixture was transferred to a separatory funnel andthe aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (4×25 mL). Thecombined organic layers were washed with brine (25 mL), dried overMgSO₄, filtered, and concentrated to afford 3-ethylhex-5-en-3-ol (595mg, 4.64 mmol, 100% yield) as a colorless oil. The product was useddirectly in the next step without further purification. ¹H NMR (400 MHz,CHLOROFORM-d) δ 5.86 (ddt, J=16.7, 10.6, 7.5 Hz, 1H), 5.21-5.07 (m, 2H),2.23 (dt, J=7.4, 1.2 Hz, 2H), 1.57-1.43 (m, 4H), 0.90 (t, J=7.5 Hz, 6H)

Step 2. Preparation of 3-ethyl-3-hydroxypentanal

To a solution of 3-ethylhex-5-en-3-ol (595 mg, 4.64 mmol) in dioxane (30mL) and water (7.50 mL) at 0° C. was added 2,6-lutidine (1.081 mL, 9.28mmol), osmium tetroxide (2.5% in t-BuOH) (1.165 mL, 0.093 mmol), andsodium periodate (3970 mg, 18.56 mmol). The reaction mixture was allowedto warm up to room temperature as the ice-water bath melted whilestirring for 16 h. The mixture was transferred to a separatory funnelcontaining water (20 mL) and saturated aqueous NaHCO₃ solution (30 mL).The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (3×30 mL). Thecombined organic layers were washed with brine (20 mL), dried overMgSO₄, filtered, and concentrated. The product was purified by columnchromatography on silica gel (0%→8% methanol in CH₂Cl₂; 40 g column) toafford 3-ethyl-3-hydroxypentanal (217 mg, 1.667 mmol, 36% yield) as acolorless oil: ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 9.85 (t, J=2.4 Hz, 1H),3.66 (s, 2H), 1.65-1.41 (m, 4H), 0.86 (t, J=7.5 Hz, 6H).

Step 3. Preparation of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((3-ethyl-3-hydroxypentyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

Titanium(IV) isopropoxide (0.036 mL, 0.122 mmol) was added to a solutionof (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(50 mg, 0.076 mmol) and 3-ethyl-3-hydroxypentanal (15.88 mg, 0.122 mmol)in DCE (0.6 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at rt for 1 h. Sodiumtriacetoxyborohydride (32.3 mg, 0.152 mmol) was added and the reactionmixture was stirred for 3 days. The reaction mixture was partitionedbetween sat. aq. sodium bicarbonate and CH₂Cl₂. The aq layer wasextracted with CH₂Cl₂ (3×10 mL). The combined organic layers were washedwith brine, dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated. The productwas purified by column chromatography on silica gel (0% 9:1acetone/methanol/100% hexanes→40% 9:1 acetone/methanol/60% hexanes; 24 gcolumn, λ=220 nm) to afford (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((3-ethyl-3-hydroxypentyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(14 mg, 0.018 mmol, 24% yield) as a colorless oil: LC/MS (ESI) m/e 770.6[(M+H)⁺, calcd for C₅₁H₇₆FNO₃ 770.6] t_(R)=2.61 min (method 2-1).

Step 4. Sodium hydroxide (0.023 mL, 0.091 mmol) was added to a solutionof (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((3-ethyl-3-hydroxypentyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(14 mg, 0.018 mmol) in dioxane (1 mL) and ethanol (0.500 mL). Thereaction mixture was stirred at 70° C. for 2 h. The mixture was cooledto room temperature. The crude material was purified by reverse phasepreparative HPLC (method 2-2, gradient 60-100% B over 15 minutes, then a6-minute hold at 100% B) to afford(S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((3-ethyl-3-hydroxypentyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid (5.9 mg, 8.5 mol, 47% yield); ¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 5.25 (br.s., 1H), 5.12 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 4.67 (br. s., 1H), 4.55 (br. s., 1H),4.48 (s, 1H), 4.38 (s, 1H), 2.61-2.53 (m, 1H), 2.48-2.38 (m, 3H),2.23-2.08 (m, 1H), 2.07-0.93 (m, 32H), 1.65 (s, 3H), 1.02 (s, 3H), 0.92(s, 3H), 0.91 (s, 3H), 0.88 (s, 3H), 0.82 (s, 3H), 0.80-0.77 (m, 6H);LC/MS (ESI) m/e 680.5 [(M+H)⁺, calcd for C₄₄H₇₀FNO₃ 680.5] t_(R)=2.38min (method 2-1); HPLC (method 2-3): t_(R)=2.29 min; HPLC (method 2-4):t_(R)=2.40 min.

Example 2-5 Preparation of(S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((3,3-dicyclopropyl-3-hydroxypropyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1. Preparation of 1,1-dicyclopropylbut-3-en-1-ol

To a solution of allylmagnesium bromide (10.89 mL, 10.89 mmol) in THF(10 mL) at 0° C. was added dicyclopropylmethanone (400 mg, 3.63 mmol).The cooling bath was removed and the reaction mixture was stirred atroom temperature for 1 h. The reaction was cooled in an ice-water bathand was quenched by the addition of saturated aqueous NH₄Cl solution (20mL). The mixture was transferred to a separatory funnel and the aqueouslayer was extracted with ethyl acetate (4×25 mL). The combined organiclayers were washed with brine (25 mL), dried over MgSO₄, filtered, andconcentrated to afford 1,1-dicyclopropylbut-3-en-1-ol (553 mg, 3.63mmol, 100% yield) as a colorless oil. The product was used directly inthe next step without further purification. ¹H NMR (400 MHz,CHLOROFORM-d) δ 6.16-5.98 (m, 1H), 5.21-5.08 (m, 2H), 2.37 (dt, J=7.5,1.1 Hz, 2H), 0.94-0.79 (m, 2H), 0.49-0.25 (m, 8H).

Step 2. Preparation of 3,3-dicyclopropyl-3-hydroxypropanal

To a solution of 1,1-dicyclopropylbut-3-en-1-ol (553 mg, 3.63 mmol) indioxane (12 mL) and water (3 mL) at 0° C. was added 2,6-lutidine (0.846mL, 7.26 mmol), osmium tetroxide (4% in water) (0.444 mL, 0.073 mmol),and sodium periodate (3,106 mg, 14.52 mmol).

The reaction mixture was allowed to warm up to room temperature as theice-water bath melted while stirring for 16 h. The mixture wastransferred to a separatory funnel containing water (20 mL) andsaturated aqueous NaHCO₃ solution (30 mL). The aqueous layer wasextracted with ethyl acetate (3×30 mL). The combined organic layers werewashed with brine (20 mL), dried over MgSO₄, filtered, and concentrated.The product was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (0%→8%methanol in CH₂Cl₂; 40 g column) to afford3,3-dicyclopropyl-3-hydroxypropanal (152 mg, 0.986 mmol, 27% yield) as acolorless oil: ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 9.96 (t, J=2.8 Hz, 1H),2.63 (d, J=2.8 Hz, 2H), 0.94 (tt, J=8.2, 5.8 Hz, 2H), 0.51-0.38 (m, 8H).

Step 3. (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((3,3-dicyclopropyl-3-hydroxypropyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

To a solution of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(40 mg, 0.061 mmol) and 3,3-dicyclopropyl-3-hydroxypropanal (14.10 mg,0.091 mmol) in MeOH (0.5 mL) and acetic acid (0.1 mL) was addedborane-2-picoline complex (9.78 mg, 0.091 mmol). The reaction mixturewas stirred for 16 h at rt. The mixture was transferred to a separatoryfunnel containing saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (5 mL).The aqueous layer was extracted with dichloromethane (3×10 mL). Thecombined organic layers were washed with brine (5 mL), dried over MgSO₄,filtered, and concentrated. The product was purified by columnchromatography on silica gel (0% 9:1 acetone:methanol/90% hexanes→40%9:1 acetone:methanol/60% hexanes; 24 g column, λ=220 nm) to afford(S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((3,3-dicyclopropyl-3-hydroxypropyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(11 mg, 0.014 mmol, 23% yield) as a colorless oil: LC/MS (ESI) m/e 794.6[(M+H)⁺, calcd for C₅₃H₇₆FNO₃ 794.6] t_(R)=2.66 min (method 2-1).

Step 4. Sodium hydroxide (0.017 mL, 0.069 mmol) was added to a solutionof (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((3,3-dicyclopropyl-3-hydroxypropyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(11 mg, 0.014 mmol) in dioxane (1 mL) and ethanol (0.500 mL). Thereaction mixture was stirred at 70° C. for 2 h. The reaction mixture wascooled to room temperature. The crude material was purified by reversephase preparative HPLC (method 2-2, 70-100% B over 10 minutes, then a15-minute hold at 100% B) to afford(S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((3,3-dicyclopropyl-3-hydroxypropyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid (1.0 mg, 1.37 μmol, 10% yield); ¹H NMR (500 MHz, Acetic Acid-d₄) δ5.39 (br. s., 1H), 5.25 (dd, J=6.1, 1.7 Hz, 1H), 4.82 (s, 1H), 4.72 (s,1H), 4.65-4.57 (m, 1H), 4.56-4.47 (m, 1H), 3.53-3.41 (m, 2H), 2.97-2.87(m, 1H), 2.62 (d, J=16.7 Hz, 1H), 2.31-2.32 (m, 28H), 1.14-1.10 (m, 1H),1.75 (s, 3H), 1.11 (s, 3H), 1.09 (s, 3H), 1.01 (s, 3H), 0.99 (s, 3H),0.95 (s, 3H), 0.87-0.76 (m, 2H), 0.65-0.35 (m, 8H); LC/MS (ESI) m/e704.6 [(M+H)⁺, calcd for C₄₆H₇₀FNO₃ 704.5] t_(R)=2.44 min (method 2-1);HPLC (method 2-3): t_(R)=2.43 min; HPLC (method 2-4): t_(R)=2.46 min.

Example 2-6 Preparation of(S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((3,3-dicyclopropylallyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1. (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((3,3-dicyclopropylallyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

Titanium(IV) isopropoxide (0.036 mL, 0.122 mmol) was added to a solutionof (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(50 mg, 0.076 mmol) and 3,3-dicyclopropyl-3-hydroxypropanal (18.81 mg,0.122 mmol) in DCE (0.6 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at rt for1 h. Sodium triacetoxyborohydride (32.3 mg, 0.152 mmol) was added andthe reaction mixture was stirred for 3 days. The reaction mixture waspartitioned between sat. aq. sodium bicarbonate (10 mL) and CH₂Cl₂ (10mL). The aq layer was extracted with CH₂Cl₂ (3×10 mL). The combinedorganic layers was washed with brine, dried over magnesium sulfate andconcentrated. The crude product, (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((3,3-dicyclopropylallyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(32 mg, 0.041 mmol, 54% yield), was used in the next step withoutfurther purification. LC/MS (ESI) m/e 776.6 [(M+H)⁺, calcd forC₅₃H₇₄FNO₂ 776.6], t_(R)=2.67 min (method 2-1).

Step 2. Sodium hydroxide (0.052 mL, 0.206 mmol) was added to a solutionof (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((3,3-dicyclopropylallyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(32 mg, 0.041 mmol) in dioxane (1 mL) and ethanol (0.500 mL). Thereaction mixture was stirred at 70° C. for 2 h. The mixture was cooledto room temperature. The crude material was purified by reverse phasepreparative HPLC (method 2-2, 90-100% B over 20 minutes, then a25-minute hold at 100% B) to afford(S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((3,3-dicyclopropylallyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid (1.0 mg, 1.34 mol, 3.3% yield); ¹H NMR (500 MHz, Acetic Acid-d₄) δ5.39 (br. s., 2H), 5.27-5.22 (m, 1H), 4.84 (s, 1H), 4.72 (s, 1H),4.65-4.57 (m, 1H), 4.56-4.48 (m, 1H), 4.01 (t, J=6.9 Hz, 2H), 2.89 (br.s., 1H), 2.62 (d, J=16.7 Hz, 1H), 2.30-0.85 (m, 31H), 1.75 (s, 3H), 1.18(s, 3H), 1.10 (s, 3H), 1.01 (s, 3H), 0.99 (s, 3H), 0.96 (s, 3H), 0.80(d, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 0.66-0.60 (m, 2H), 0.47-0.36 (m, 2H); LC/MS (ESI) m/e686.6 [(M+H)⁺, calcd for C₄₆H₆₈FNO₂ 686.5] t_(R)=2.44 min (method 2-1);HPLC (method 2-3): t_(R)=2.62 min; HPLC (method 2-4): t_(R)=1.96 min.

Example 2-7 Preparation of(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-(isopentylamino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1. Preparation of (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-(isopentylamino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

To a solution of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(35 mg, 0.053 mmol) and 3-methylbutanal (7.35 mg, 0.085 mmol) in DCE(0.6 mL) was added titanium(IV) isopropoxide (0.025 mL, 0.085 mmol). Themixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h. Sodiumtriacetoxyborohydride (22.62 mg, 0.107 mmol) was added and the mixturewas stirred at room temperature overnight. The mixture was transferredto a separatory funnel containing saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonatesolution (5 mL). The aqueous layer was extracted with dichloromethane(3×10 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (5 mL),dried over MgSO₄, filtered, and concentrated. The product was purifiedby column chromatography on silica gel (10% 9:1 acetone:methanol/90%hexanes→30% 9:1 acetone:methanol/70% hexanes; 24 g column, λ=220 nm) toafford (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-(isopentylamino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(20 mg, 0.028 mmol, 52% yield) as a colorless foam: LC/MS m/e 726.6[(M+H)⁺, calcd for C₄₉H₇₃FNO₂ 726.6], t_(R)=5.10 min (method 2-3).

Step 2. A solution of (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-(isopentylamino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(20 mg, 0.028 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (0.5 mL) and EtOH (0.25 mL) wastreated with sodium hydroxide (2M aq) (0.069 mL, 0.138 mmol). Thereaction mixture was heated at 70° C. for 2 h. The mixture was cooled toroom temperature, filtered through a syringe filter, and was purified byreverse phase preparative HPLC (method 2-3) to afford(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-(isopentylamino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid.TFA (9.9 mg, 48% yield): ¹H NMR (500 MHz, Acetic Acid-d₄) δ 5.39(br. s., 1H), 5.28-5.22 (m, 1H), 4.84 (s, 1H), 4.73 (s, 1H), 4.61 (dt,J=10.9, 8.8 Hz, 1H), 4.52 (dt, J=11.0, 8.8 Hz, 1H), 3.29-3.15 (m, 2H),2.92-2.84 (m, 1H), 2.62 (d, J=16.6 Hz, 1H), 2.30-1.10 (m, 30H), 1.75 (s,3H), 1.19 (s, 3H), 1.10 (s, 3H), 1.01 (s, 3H), 0.99 (s, 3H), 0.97 (s,3H), 0.95 (s, 6H); LC/MS m/e 636.3 [(M+H)⁺, calcd for C₄₂H₆₇FNO₂ 636.5],t_(R)=4.49 min (method 2-2); HPLC (method 2-3): t_(R)=2.54 min; HPLC(method 2-4): t_(R)=2.59 min.

Example 2-8 Preparation of(1S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((3-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)-2-hydroxypropyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1. Preparation of 4-(3-Chloro-2-hydroxypropyl)thiomorpholine1,1-dioxide

To a solution of thiomorpholine 1,1-dioxide (2.40 g, 17.75 mmol) in DCE(4.4 mL) was added slowly via syringe 2-(chloromethyl)oxirane (1.392 mL,17.75 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 50° C. for 48 h. Thewhite solid (4,4′-(2-hydroxypropane-1,3-diyl)bis(thiomorpholine1,1-dioxide) that formed was removed by filtration. The filtrate wasconcentrated and was purified by column chromatography on silica gel(3%→5% methanol in CH₂Cl₂; 120 g column) to afford4-(3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl)thiomorpholine 1,1-dioxide (2.57 g, 11.29mmol, 64% yield) as a colorless oil that solidified upon standing: ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 3.95 (dq, J=8.9, 4.6 Hz, 1H), 3.69-3.55(m, 2H), 3.26-3.15 (m, 2H), 3.14-3.03 (m, 6H), 2.75 (dd, J=13.1, 4.3 Hz,1H), 2.65 (dd, J=13.1, 8.5 Hz, 1H); LC/MS m/e 228.1 [(M+H)⁺, calcd forC₇H₁₅ClNO₃S 228.0], t_(R)=0.26 min, (ionization peak, no UV) (method2-1).

Step 2. Preparation of (1S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((3-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)-2-hydroxypropyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(S)-Benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(120 mg, 0.183 mmol), 4-(3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl)thiomorpholine1,1-dioxide (146 mg, 0.640 mmol), potassium phosphate tribasic (175 mg,0.823 mmol), and potassium iodide (137 mg, 0.823 mmol) were combined inan oven-dried vial. Acetonitrile (2 mL) was added, the vial was sealed,and the reaction mixture was heated at 120° C. for 20 h. Additional4-(3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl)thiomorpholine 1,1-dioxide (83 mg, 0.366mmol, 2 eq), potassium phosphate tribasic (78 mg, 0.366 mmol, 2 eq), andpotassium iodide (60.7 mg, 0.366 mmol, 2 eq) was added and the reactionmixture was heated for an additional 16 h. The mixture was cooled toroom temperature. The mixture was transferred to a separatory funnelcontaining water (10 mL). The aqueous layer was extracted withdichloromethane (3×10 mL). The combined organic layers were washed withbrine (10 mL), dried over MgSO₄, filtered, and concentrated. The productwas purified by column chromatography on silica gel (10% 9:1acetone:methanol/90% hexanes→30% 9:1 acetone:methanol/70% hexanes; 40 gcolumn, λ=220 nm) to afford (1S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((3-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)-2-hydroxypropyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(71.4 mg, 0.084 mmol, 46% yield) as a pale-blue foam: ¹H NMR (500 MHz,CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.39-7.31 (m, 5H), 5.33 (br. s., 1H), 5.23-5.15 (m, 2H),5.15-5.10 (m, 1H), 4.72 (s, 1H), 4.61 (d, J=1.4 Hz, 1H), 4.60-4.54 (m,1H), 4.52-4.45 (m, 1H), 3.80-3.67 (m, 1H), 3.23-3.03 (m, 8H), 2.73-2.53(m, 5H), 2.37 (dd, J=11.7, 7.2 Hz, 1H, diastereoisomer A), 2.29 (dd,J=11.7, 8.1 Hz, 1H, diastereoisomer B), 2.19-0.83 (m, 47H) (Mixture ofdiasteroisomers); LC/MS m/e 847.6 [(M+H)⁺, calcd for C₅₁H₇₆FN₂O₅S847.5], t_(R)=4.58 min (method 2-2).

Step 3. A solution of (1S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((3-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)-2-hydroxypropyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(30 mg, 0.035 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (0.5 mL) and EtOH (0.2 mL) wastreated with sodium hydroxide (0.089 mL, 0.177 mmol). The reactionmixture was heated at 70° C. for 2 h. The mixture was filtered through asyringe filter, and was purified by reverse phase preparative HPLC(method 2-1). The organic solvent was evaporated on the rotovapor andthe aqueous mixture was lyophilized to afford(1S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((3-(1,1-dioxidothiomorpholino)-2-hydroxypropyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid.TFA (13.6 mg, 43% yield) as a white amorphous solid: ¹H NMR (500MHz, Acetic Acid-d₄) δ 5.39 (br. s., 1H), 5.24 (d, J=4.9 Hz, 1H), 4.85(d, J=5.3 Hz, 1H), 4.75 (br. s., 1H), 4.73-4.67 (m, 1H), 4.64-4.56 (m,1H), 4.54-4.47 (m, 1H), 3.98-3.89 (m, 3H), 3.65-3.51 (m, 6H), 3.49-3.43(m, 2H), 3.23 (dd, J=12.4, 8.5 Hz, 1H, diastereoisomer A), 3.07 (t,J=11.4 Hz, 1H, diastereoisomer B), 2.94-2.79 (m, 1H), 2.61 (d, J=17.1Hz, 1H), 2.32-1.09 (m, 27H), 1.76 (s, 3H, diastereoisomer er A), 1.76(s, 3H, diastereoisomer B), 1.15 (s, 3H), 1.11 (s, 3H, diastereoisomerA), 1.10 (s, 3H, diastereoisomer B), 1.00 (s, 3H), 0.99 (s, 3H), 0.95(s, 3H) (Mixture of diastereoisomer; LC/MS m/e 757.6 [(M+H)⁺, calcd forC₄₄H₇₀FN₂O₅S 757.5], t_(R)=4.24 min (method 2-2); HPLC (method 2-1):t_(R)=18.72 min; HPLC (method 2-2): t_(R)=20.02 min.

Example 2-9 Preparation of(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1. Preparation of 1-allylcyclobutanol

To a solution of allylmagnesium bromide (12.8 mL, 12.8 mmol) in THF (10mL) at 0° C. was added a solution of cyclobutanone (300 mg, 4.28 mmol)in THF (5 mL). The cooling bath was removed and the reaction mixture wasstirred at room temperature for 16 h. The reaction was cooled in anice-water bath and was quenched by the addition of saturated NH₄Clsolution (20 mL). The mixture was transferred to a separatory funnel andthe aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (4×25 mL). Thecombined organic layers were washed with brine (25 mL), dried overMgSO₄, filtered, and concentrated to afford 1-allylcyclobutanol (377 mg,3.36 mmol, 79% yield) as a colorless oil. The product was used directlyin the next step without further purification: ¹H NMR (400 MHz,CHLOROFORM-d) δ 5.90 (ddt, J=16.4, 10.7, 7.3 Hz, 1H), 5.27-5.16 (m, 2H),2.41 (d, J=7.3 Hz, 2H), 2.13-2.05 (m, 4H), 1.93 (s, 1H), 1.83-1.71 (m,1H), 1.65-1.51 (m, 1H).

Step 2. Preparation of 2-(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)acetaldehyde

To a solution of 1-allylcyclobutanol (350 mg, 3.12 mmol) in dioxane (30mL) and water (7.50 mL) was added 2,6-lutidine (0.727 mL, 6.24 mmol),osmium tetroxide (4% in water) (0.490 mL, 0.062 mmol), and sodiumperiodate (2670 mg, 12.48 mmol) at 0° C. The reaction mixture wasallowed to warm up to rt and was stirred for 16 h. The reaction mixturewas partitioned between EtOAc (25 mL) and aq sat sodium bicarbonatesolution (25 mL). The aq layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (3×25mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried overmagnesium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum. The product waspurified by column chromatography on silica gel (0%→8% methanol inCH₂Cl₂; 40 g column) to afford 2-(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)acetaldehyde (187mg, 1.638 mmol, 53% yield) as an oil: ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ9.86 (t, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 2.32-1.95 (m, 4H), 1.92-1.73 (m, 2H), 1.69-1.43(m, 2H).

Step 3. Preparation of (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

To a solution of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(50 mg, 0.076 mmol) and 2-(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)acetaldehyde (13.92 mg,0.122 mmol) in dichloroethane (0.6 mL) in a vial was added titanium(IV)isopropoxide (0.036 mL, 0.122 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred atrt for 1 h. Sodium triacetoxyborohydride (32.3 mg, 0.152 mmol) was addedand the reaction mixture was stirred for 4 days. The reaction mixturewas partitioned between sat. aq. sodium bicarbonate (10 mL) and CH₂Cl₂(10 mL). The aq layer was extracted with CH₂Cl₂ (3×10 mL). The combinedorganic layers were washed with brine, dried over magnesium sulfate andconcentrated. The product was purified by column chromatography onsilica gel (100% hexanes→40% acetone containing 10% methanol/60%hexanes; 24 g column, λ=220 nm) to afford (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(51 mg, 0.068 mmol, 89% yield) as an oil: LC/MS (ESI) m/e 754.6 [(M+H)⁺,calcd for C₅₀H₇₂FNO₃ 754.6], t_(R)=2.74 min (method 2-1).

Step 4. A solution of (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(51 mg, 0.068 mmol) in dioxane (1 mL) and ethanol (0.500 mL) was treatedwith sodium hydroxide (0.085 mL, 0.338 mmol). The reaction mixture washeated at 70° C. for 2 h. The mixture was cooled to room temperature,was filtered through a syringe filter, and was purified by reverse phasepreparative HPLC (method 2-1). The organic solvent was evaporated on therotovapor and the aqueous mixture was lyophilized to afford,(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1-hydroxycyclobutyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid.TFA (12.9 mg, 0.016 mmol, 24% yield) as a white amorphous solid: ¹HNMR (500 MHz, Acetic Acid-d₄) δ 5.39 (br. s., 1H), 5.29-5.21 (m, 1H),4.84 (s, 1H), 4.72 (s, 1H), 4.65-4.57 (m, 1H), 4.55-4.47 (m, 1H),3.44-3.36 (m, 1H), 3.28 (t, J=9.9 Hz, 1H), 2.94-2.84 (m, 1H), 2.61 (d,J=16.8 Hz, 1H), 2.31-0.83 (m, 35H), 1.75 (s, 3H), 1.14 (s, 3H), 1.08 (s,3H), 1.00 (s, 3H), 0.99 (s, 3H), 0.94 (s, 3H); LC/MS (ESI) m/e 664.6[(M+H)⁺, calcd for C₄₃H₆₆FNO₃ 664.5], t_(R)=2.43 min (method 2-1). HPLC(method 2-1): t_(R)=19.00 min; HPLC (method 2-2): t_(R)=20.57 min.

Example 2-10 Preparation of(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(3-hydroxyoxetan-3-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1. Preparation of 3-allyloxetan-3-ol

To a solution of allylmagnesium bromide (7.29 mL, 7.29 mmol) in THF (40mL) at −78° C. was added a solution of oxetan-3-one (500 mg, 6.94 mmol)in THF (10 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at −78° C. for 30 min.The reaction was quenched by the addition of saturated NH₄Cl solution(40 mL). The mixture was transferred to a separatory funnel and thelayers were separated. The aqueous layer was extracted with ether (3×50mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (50 mL), driedover MgSO₄, filtered, and concentrated to afford 3-allyloxetan-3-ol (735mg, 6.44 mmol, 93% yield) as a colorless oil. The product was used inthe next step without further purification: ¹H NMR (400 MHz,CHLOROFORM-d) δ 5.97-5.78 (m, 1H), 5.28 (t, J=1.0 Hz, 1H), 5.27-5.22 (m,1H), 4.64 (d, J=7.3 Hz, 2H), 4.55-4.50 (m, 2H), 2.65 (d, J=7.0 Hz, 2H);¹³C NMR (101 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 131.8, 120.1, 83.2, 73.3, 42.4.

Step 2. Preparation of 2-(3-hydroxyoxetan-3-yl)acetaldehyde

3-Allyloxetan-3-ol (508 mg, 4.45 mmol) was dissolved in CH₂Cl₂ (35 mL)and MeOH (3.5 mL) in a 100 mL round bottom flask.N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMO) (626 mg, 5.34 mmol) was added and themixture was cooled to −78° C. [Schwartz, C., Raible, J., Mott, K.,Dussault, P. H. Org. Lett. 2006, 8, 3199-3201]. Ozone was bubbledthrough the reaction mixture until the solution was saturated with ozone(turned into a blue color) and several minutes thereafter (total time 10min). Nitrogen was then bubbled through the reaction mixture until thedisappearance of the blue color. Dimethyl sulfide (3.29 mL, 44.5 mmol)was then added and the reaction mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 14 h.The mixture was concentrated under vacuum. The product was purified bycolumn chromatography on silica gel (50% ethyl acetate with 1%methanol/50% hexanes→100% ethyl acetate with 1% methanol; 80 g column)to afford 2-(3-hydroxyoxetan-3-yl)acetaldehyde (287 mg, 2.472 mmol, 56%yield) as a colorless oil: ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 9.85 (s,1H), 4.71 (d, J=7.5 Hz, 2H), 4.52-4.47 (m, 2H), 3.14 (d, J=0.5 Hz, 2H);¹³C NMR (100 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 201.1, 83.0, 71.4, 50.7.

Step 3. Preparation of (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(3-hydroxyoxetan-3-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

In a vial, a mixture of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(500 mg, 0.762 mmol), borane-2-picoline complex (163 mg, 1.524 mmol) and2-(3-hydroxyoxetan-3-yl)acetaldehyde (177 mg, 1.524 mmol) in MeOH (8 mL)and acetic acid (1.6 mL) was stirred at rt for 16 h. The mixture wastransferred to a separatory funnel containing saturated aqueous sodiumbicarbonate solution (50 mL). The aqueous layer was extracted withdichloromethane (3×50 mL). The combined organic layers were washed withbrine (50 mL), dried over MgSO₄, filtered, and concentrated. The productwas purified by column chromatography on silica gel (10% 9:1acetone:methanol/90% hexanes→40% 9:1 acetone:methanol/60% hexanes; 80 gcolumn, λ=220 nm) to afford (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(3-hydroxyoxetan-3-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(320 mg, 0.423 mmol, 56% yield) as a colorless oil: LC/MS (ESI) m/e756.6 [(M+H)⁺, calcd for C₄₉H₇₀FNO₄ 756.5], t_(R)=2.59 min (method 2-1).

Step 4. A solution of(S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(3-hydroxyoxetan-3-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(320 mg, 0.423 mmol) in dioxane (4 mL) and ethanol (2 mL) was treatedwith sodium hydroxide (0.529 mL, 2.116 mmol). The reaction mixture washeated at 70° C. for 2.5 h. LC/MS showed the formation of the desiredproduct. The mixture was filtered through a syringe filter, and waspurified by reverse phase preparative HPLC (method 2-5). The organicsolvent was removed on the rotovapor and the aqueous mixture was frozenand placed on the lyophilizer to afford(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(3-hydroxyoxetan-3-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid.TFA (220 mg, 0.282 mmol, 67% yield) as a white amorphous solid: ¹HNMR (500 MHz, Acetic Acid-d₄) δ 5.39 (br. s., 1H), 5.25 (d, J=4.6 Hz,1H), 4.83 (s, 1H), 4.81-4.77 (m, 2H), 4.75-4.68 (m, 2H), 4.67-4.57 (m,2H), 4.55-4.46 (m, 1H), 3.52-3.42 (m, 1H), 3.33-3.23 (m, 1H), 2.92-2.81(m, 1H), 2.61 (d, J=16.8 Hz, 1H), 2.57-2.42 (m, 2H), 2.31-1.32 (m, 25H),1.14-1.12 (m, 2H), 1.75 (s, 3H), 1.15 (s, 3H), 1.09 (s, 3H), 1.01 (s,3H), 0.99 (s, 3H), 0.95 (s, 3H); LC/MS m/e 666.5 [(M+H)⁺, calcd forC₄₂H₆₇FNO₄ 666.5], t_(R)=2.44 min (method 2-1); HPLC (method 2-1):t_(R)=18.63 min; HPLC (method 2-2): t_(R)=19.94 min.

Example 2-11 Preparation of(R)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(3-hydroxyoxetan-3-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1. Preparation of (R)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(3-hydroxyoxetan-3-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

(R)-Benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(100 mg, 0.152 mmol) and 2-(3-hydroxyoxetan-3-yl)acetaldehyde (31.9 mg,0.274 mmol) were suspended in MeOH (1.2 mL). Borane-2-picoline complex(29.4 mg, 0.274 mmol) was added followed by acetic acid (0.24 mL) andthe mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h. The mixture wastransferred to a separatory funnel containing saturated aqueous sodiumbicarbonate solution (5 mL) and saturated aqueous sodium carbonatesolution (1 mL). The aqueous layer was extracted with dichloromethane(4×5 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (5 mL),dried over MgSO₄, filtered, and concentrated. The product was purifiedby column chromatography on silica gel (20% ethyl acetate with 5%methanol/80% hexanes→90% ethyl acetate with 5% methanol/10% hexanes; 24g column) to afford (R)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(3-hydroxyoxetan-3-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(110 mg, 0.145 mmol, 95% yield) as a colorless oil: ¹H NMR (500 MHz,CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.42-7.31 (m, 5H), 5.34 (br. s., 1H), 5.24-5.16 (m, 2H),5.12 (d, J=5.7 Hz, 1H), 4.73 (br. s., 1H), 4.69 (t, J=5.3 Hz, 2H),4.64-4.55 (m, 2H), 4.53-4.46 (m, 2H), 4.43 (d, J=6.0 Hz, 1H), 2.90-2.83(m, 1H), 2.72-2.48 (m, 3H), 2.26-1.87 (m, 8H), 1.82-0.91 (m, 21H), 1.69(s, 3H), 1.06 (s, 3H), 0.98 (s, 3H), 0.94 (s, 3H), 0.89 (s, 3H), 0.86(s, 3H); LC/MS m/e 756.6 [(M+H)⁺, calcd for C₄₉H₇₁FNO₄ 756.6],t_(R)=4.59 min (method 2-3).

Step 2. A solution of (R)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(3-hydroxyoxetan-3-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(105 mg, 0.139 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (1.5 mL) and MeOH (0.5 mL) wastreated with sodium hydroxide (2M aq) (0.347 mL, 0.694 mmol). Thereaction mixture was heated at 70° C. for 4 h. The mixture was cooled toroom temperature and was partially neutralized by the addition of 6 NHCl (70 μL). The mixture was then filtered through a syringe filter, andwas purified by reverse phase preparative HPLC (method 2-5). The organicsolvent was evaporated on the rotovapor and the aqueous mixture waslyophilized to afford(R)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(3-hydroxyoxetan-3-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid.TFA (38.0 mg, 0.048 mmol, 35% yield) as a white amorphous solid: ¹HNMR (500 MHz, Acetic Acid-d₄) δ 5.39 (br. s., 1H), 5.24 (d, J=4.7 Hz,1H), 4.83 (s, 1H), 4.80 (d, J=7.3 Hz, 2H), 4.74-4.69 (m, 2H), 4.66-4.57(m, 2H), 4.55-4.46 (m, 1H), 3.47 (ddd, J=12.7, 6.1, 3.2 Hz, 1H), 3.28(ddd, J=12.5, 9.2, 2.9 Hz, 1H), 2.90-2.83 (m, 1H), 2.61 (d, J=17.2 Hz,1H), 2.56-2.44 (m, 2H), 2.37-2.28 (m, 1H), 2.22-1.32 (m, 24H), 1.75 (s,3H), 1.15 (s, 3H), 1.14-1.12 (m, 2H), 1.09 (s, 3H), 1.02 (s, 3H), 0.98(s, 3H), 0.95 (s, 3H); LC/MS m/e 666.5 [(M+H)⁺, calcd for C₄₂H₆₅FNO₄666.5], t_(R)=4.31 min (method 2-2); HPLC (method 2-5): t_(R)=10.94 min;HPLC (method 2-6): t_(R)=10.82 min.

Example 2-12 Preparation of(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(4-hydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1. Preparation of 4-allyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-ol

To a solution of allylmagnesium bromide (20.98 mL, 20.98 mmol) in THF(40 mL) at 0° C. was added via cannula a solution ofdihydro-2H-pyran-4(3H)-one (700 mg, 6.99 mmol) in THF (10 mL). Thecooling bath was removed and the reaction mixture was stirred at roomtemperature for 2 h. The reaction was cooled in an ice-water bath andwas quenched by the addition of saturated NH₄Cl solution (40 mL). Themixture was transferred to a separatory funnel and the layers wereseparated. The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (3×50 mL).The combined organic layers were washed with brine (50 mL), dried overMgSO₄, filtered, and concentrated. The product was purified by columnchromatography on silica gel (20%→60% ethyl acetate in hexanes; 80 gcolumn) to afford 4-allyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-ol (818 mg, 5.75 mmol,82% yield) as a colorless oil: ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 5.90(ddt, J=17.2, 9.9, 7.5 Hz, 1H), 5.28-5.14 (m, 2H), 3.85-3.74 (m, 4H),2.28 (d, J=7.5 Hz, 2H), 1.80-1.68 (m, 2H), 1.51 (dq, J=14.0, 2.5 Hz,3H).

Step 2. Preparation of 2-(4-hydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)acetaldehyde

To a solution of 4-allyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-ol (150 mg, 1.055 mmol) indioxane (12 mL) and water (3 mL) at 0° C. was added 2,6-lutidine (0.246mL, 2.110 mmol), osmium tetroxide (0.265 mL, 0.021 mmol), and sodiumperiodate (903 mg, 4.22 mmol). The reaction mixture was allowed to warmup to room temperature as the ice-water bath melted while stirring for14 h. The mixture was transferred to a separatory funnel containingwater (10 mL) and saturated aqueous NaHCO₃ solution (10 mL). The aqueouslayer was extracted with ethyl acetate (3×20 mL). The combined organiclayers were washed with brine (20 mL), dried over MgSO₄, filtered, andconcentrated. The product was purified by column chromatography onsilica gel (3%→6% methanol in CH₂Cl₂; 40 g column) to afford2-(4-hydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)acetaldehyde (67 mg, 0.465 mmol,44% yield) as a colorless oil: ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 9.89 (t,J=1.3 Hz, 1H), 3.90-3.80 (m, 2H), 3.78-3.69 (m, 2H), 3.50 (s, 1H), 2.70(d, J=1.3 Hz, 2H), 1.75-1.66 (m, 4H).

Step 3. Preparation of (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(4-hydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

To a solution of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(40 mg, 0.061 mmol) and2-(4-hydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)acetaldehyde (13.19 mg, 0.091 mmol)in DCE (0.5 mL) was added titanium(IV) isopropoxide (0.027 mL, 0.091mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h. Sodiumtriacetoxyborohydride (25.8 mg, 0.122 mmol) was added and the mixturewas stirred at room temperature overnight. The mixture was transferredto a separatory funnel containing saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonatesolution (5 mL). The aqueous layer was extracted with dichloromethane(3×10 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (5 mL),dried over MgSO₄, filtered, and concentrated. The product was purifiedby column chromatography on silica gel (10% 9:1 acetone:methanol/90%hexanes→40% 9:1 acetone:methanol/60% hexanes; 24 g column, λ=220 nm) toafford (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(4-hydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(33.2 mg, 0.042 mmol, 69% yield) as a colorless foam: ¹H NMR (400 MHz,CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.43-7.32 (m, 5H), 5.36-5.31 (m, 1H), 5.23-5.16 (m, 2H),5.14 (dd, J=6.0, 1.8 Hz, 1H), 4.75 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 4.64-4.57 (m, 2H),4.53-4.45 (m, 1H), 3.94-3.82 (m, 2H), 3.80-3.70 (m, 2H), 2.86-2.69 (m,2H), 2.67-2.51 (m, 2H), 2.19-0.86 (m, 33H), 1.70 (s, 3H), 1.06 (s, 3H),0.98 (s, 3H), 0.92 (s, 3H), 0.91 (s, 3H), 0.86 (s, 3H); LC/MS m/e 784.6[(M+H)⁺, calcd for C₅₁H₇₅FNO₄ 784.6], t_(R)=4.69 min (method 2-2).

Step 4. A solution of (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(4-hydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(56 mg, 0.071 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (0.7 mL) and EtOH (0.35 mL) wastreated with sodium hydroxide (2M aq) (0.179 mL, 0.357 mmol). Thereaction mixture was heated at 70° C. for 2 h. The mixture was cooled toroom temperature, filtered through a syringe filter, and was purified byreverse phase preparative HPLC (method 2-1). The organic solvent wasevaporated on the rotovapor and the aqueous mixture was lyophilized toafford(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(4-hydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid.TFA (37.1 mg, 64% yield) as a white amorphous solid: ¹H NMR (500MHz, Acetic Acid-d₄) δ 5.39 (br. s., 1H), 5.28-5.21 (m, 1H), 4.83 (s,1H), 4.72 (s, 1H), 4.65-4.57 (m, 1H), 4.55-4.46 (m, 1H), 3.97-3.79 (m,4H), 3.46-3.31 (m, 2H), 2.92-2.83 (m, 1H), 2.61 (d, J=16.8 Hz, 1H),2.34-1.09 (m, 33H), 1.75 (s, 3H), 1.18 (s, 3H), 1.09 (s, 3H), 1.00 (s,3H), 0.99 (s, 3H), 0.96 (s, 3H); LC/MS m/e 694.6 [(M+H)⁺, calcd forC₄₄H₆₉FNO₄ 694.5], t_(R)=4.27 min (method 2-2); HPLC (method 2-1):t_(R)=18.95 min; HPLC (method 2-2): t_(R)=20.14 min.

Example 2-13 Preparation of(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(4-hydroxy-1,1-dioxidotetrahydro-2H-thiopyran-4-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1. Preparation of 4-allyl-4-hydroxytetrahydro-2H-thiopyran1,1-dioxide

To a solution of allylmagnesium bromide (10.83 mL, 10.83 mmol) in THF(15 mL) at 0° C. was added via cannula a solution ofdihydro-2H-thiopyran-4(3H)-one 1,1-dioxide (1.07 g, 7.22 mmol) in THF(50 mL) (dissolved by warming in an oil bath to 70° C.). The coolingbath was removed and the reaction mixture was stirred at roomtemperature for 30 min. The reaction was cooled in an ice-water bath andwas quenched by the addition of saturated NH₄Cl solution (50 mL). Themixture was transferred to a separatory funnel and the aqueous layer wasextracted with ethyl acetate (4×50 mL). The combined organic layers werewashed with brine (50 mL), dried over MgSO₄, filtered, and concentratedto afford 4-allyl-4-hydroxytetrahydro-2H-thiopyran 1,1-dioxide (1.42 g,7.46 mmol, 103% yield) as a colorless solid. The product was useddirectly in the next step without further purification: ¹H NMR (400 MHz,CHLOROFORM-d) δ 5.85 (ddt, J=17.2, 9.9, 7.6 Hz, 1H), 5.34-5.28 (m, 1H),5.23 (dq, J=17.1, 1.4 Hz, 1H), 3.43 (td, J=13.6, 3.8 Hz, 2H), 2.92-2.84(m, 2H), 2.32 (d, J=7.5 Hz, 2H), 2.23 (td, J=13.8, 3.3 Hz, 2H),2.05-1.97 (m, 2H).

Step 2. Preparation of2-(4-hydroxy-1,1-dioxidotetrahydro-2H-thiopyran-4-yl)acetaldehyde

To a solution of 4-allyl-4-hydroxytetrahydro-2H-thiopyran 1,1-dioxide(1.52 g, 7.99 mmol) in dioxane (80 mL) and water (20 mL) at 0° C. wasadded 2,6-lutidine (1.861 mL, 15.98 mmol), osmium tetroxide (4% inwater) (1.254 mL, 0.160 mmol), and sodium periodate (6.84 g, 32.0 mmol).The reaction mixture was allowed to warm up to room temperature as theice-water bath melted while stirring for 14 h. The mixture wastransferred to a separatory funnel containing 1 N HCl solution (50 mL).The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (12×50 mL). Thecombined organic layers were washed with 1 N HCl solution (10 mL),saturated aqueous NaHCO₃ solution (10 mL), brine (10 mL), dried overMgSO₄, filtered, and concentrated. The product was purified by columnchromatography on silica gel (3%→10% methanol in CH₂Cl₂; 80 g column) toafford 2-(4-hydroxy-1,1-dioxidotetrahydro-2H-thiopyran-4-yl)acetaldehyde(821 mg, 4.27 mmol, 54% yield) as a colorless oil: ¹H NMR (400 MHz,CHLOROFORM-d) δ 9.86 (s, 1H), 3.54-3.43 (m, 3H), 2.91-2.83 (m, 2H), 2.80(s, 2H), 2.28-2.14 (m, 4H).

Step 3. Preparation of (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(4-hydroxy-1,1-dioxidotetrahydro-2H-thiopyran-4-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

To a solution of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(632 mg, 0.963 mmol) and2-(4-hydroxy-1,1-dioxidotetrahydro-2H-thiopyran-4-yl)acetaldehyde (296mg, 1.542 mmol) in DCE (7.5 mL) was added titanium(IV) isopropoxide(0.452 mL, 1.542 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for1 h. Sodium triacetoxyborohydride (408 mg, 1.927 mmol) was added and themixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The mixture wastransferred to a separatory funnel containing saturated aqueous sodiumbicarbonate solution (25 mL). The aqueous layer was extracted withdichloromethane (4×50 mL). The combined organic layers were washed withbrine (25 mL), dried over MgSO₄, filtered, and concentrated. The productwas purified by column chromatography on silica gel (10% 9:1acetone:methanol/90% hexanes→40% 9:1 acetone:methanol/60% hexanes; 80 gcolumn, λ=220 nm) to afford (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(4-hydroxy-1,1-dioxidotetrahydro-2H-thiopyran-4-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,111a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(591 mg, 0.710 mmol, 74% yield) as a colorless foam: ¹H NMR (500 MHz,CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.40-7.32 (m, 5H), 5.34 (br. s., 1H), 5.23-5.16 (m, 2H),5.14 (dd, J=6.2, 1.8 Hz, 1H), 4.75 (d, J=1.5 Hz, 1H), 4.63 (s, 1H),4.61-4.55 (m, 1H), 4.53-4.46 (m, 1H), 3.58-3.46 (m, 2H), 2.91-2.81 (m,3H), 2.78-2.70 (m, 1H), 2.62 (d, J=16.6 Hz, 1H), 2.53 (td, J=10.8, 5.6Hz, 1H), 2.17-1.06 (m, 33H), 1.70 (s, 3H), 1.06 (s, 3H), 0.99 (s, 3H),0.92 (s, 3H), 0.91 (s, 3H), 0.87 (s, 3H); LC/MS m/e 832.6 [(M+H)⁺, calcdfor C₅₁H₇₅FNO₅S 832.5], t_(R)=4.64 min (method 2-2).

Step 4. A solution of (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(4-hydroxy-1,1-dioxidotetrahydro-2H-thiopyran-4-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(500 mg, 0.601 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (6 mL) and EtOH (3 mL) was treatedwith sodium hydroxide (2M aq) (1.502 mL, 3.00 mmol). The reactionmixture was heated at 70° C. for 2.5 h. The mixture was cooled to roomtemperature and 6 N HCl (0.20 mL, 2 eq) was added to partiallyneutralize the reaction mixture. The mixture was filtered through asyringe filter, and was purified by reverse phase preparative HPLC(method 2-1). The organic solvent was evaporated on the rotovapor andthe aqueous mixture was lyophilized to afford(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(4-hydroxy-1,1-dioxidotetrahydro-2H-thiopyran-4-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid.TFA (435 mg, 84% yield) as a white amorphous solid: ¹H NMR (500MHz, Acetic Acid-d₄) δ 5.39 (br. s., 1H), 5.24 (d, J=4.6 Hz, 1H), 4.82(s, 1H), 4.73 (s, 1H), 4.65-4.56 (m, 1H), 4.55-4.47 (m, 1H), 3.59-3.33(m, 4H), 3.10-2.97 (m, 2H), 2.88-2.78 (m, 1H), 2.61 (d, J=16.6 Hz, 1H),2.42-1.12 (m, 33H), 1.75 (s, 3H), 1.18 (s, 3H), 1.10 (s, 3H), 1.00 (s,3H), 0.99 (s, 3H), 0.95 (s, 3H); LC/MS m/e 742.6 [(M+H)⁺, calcd forC₄₄H₆₉FNO₅S 742.5], t_(R)=4.19 min (method 2-2); HPLC (method 2-1):t_(R)=18.71 min; HPLC (method 2-2): t_(R)=19.66 min.

Example 2-14 Preparation of(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(4-hydroxy-1-(methylsulfonyl)piperidin-4-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1. Preparation of 4-allyl-1-(methylsulfonyl)piperidin-4-ol

To a solution of allylmagnesium bromide (5.08 mL, 5.08 mmol) in THF (15mL) at 0° C. was added via cannula a solution of1-(methylsulfonyl)piperidin-4-one (300 mg, 1.693 mmol) in THF (5 mL).The cooling bath was removed and the reaction mixture was stirred atroom temperature for 30 min. The reaction was cooled in an ice-waterbath and was quenched by the addition of saturated NH₄Cl solution (20mL). The mixture was transferred to a separatory funnel and the aqueouslayer was extracted with ethyl acetate (4×25 mL). The combined organiclayers were washed with brine (25 mL), dried over MgSO₄, filtered, andconcentrated to afford 4-allyl-1-(methylsulfonyl)piperidin-4-ol (423 mg,1.929 mmol, 114% yield (impure)) as a colorless solid, which was useddirectly in the next step without further purification. ¹H NMR (500 MHz,CHLOROFORM-d) δ 5.87 (ddt, J=17.2, 10.0, 7.6 Hz, 1H), 5.28-5.24 (m, 1H),5.23-5.17 (m, 1H), 3.61 (dt, J=11.4, 2.4 Hz, 2H), 3.05 (td, J=11.9, 3.0Hz, 2H), 2.80 (s, 3H), 2.27 (d, J=7.5 Hz, 2H), 1.80-1.71 (m, 2H),1.70-1.61 (m, 2H).

Step 2. Preparation of2-(4-hydroxy-1-(methylsulfonyl)piperidin-4-yl)acetaldehyde

To a solution of 4-allyl-1-(methylsulfonyl)piperidin-4-ol (210 mg, 0.958mmol) in dioxane (12 mL) and water (3 mL) at 0° C. was added2,6-lutidine (0.223 mL, 1.915 mmol), osmium tetroxide (4% in water)(0.150 mL, 0.019 mmol), and sodium periodate (819 mg, 3.83 mmol). Thereaction mixture was allowed to warm up to room temperature as theice-water bath melted while stirring for 14 h. The mixture wastransferred to a separatory funnel containing water (10 mL) andsaturated aqueous NaHCO₃ solution (10 mL). The aqueous layer wasextracted with ethyl acetate (5×20 mL). The combined organic layers werewashed with brine (20 mL), dried over MgSO₄, filtered, and concentrated.The product was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (3%→8%methanol in CH₂Cl₂; 40 g column) to afford2-(4-hydroxy-1-(methylsulfonyl)piperidin-4-yl)acetaldehyde (101 mg,0.456 mmol, 48% yield) as a colorless oil: ¹H NMR (400 MHz,CHLOROFORM-d) δ 9.87 (s, 1H), 3.64-3.55 (m, 2H), 3.15-3.05 (m, 3H), 2.81(s, 3H), 2.73 (d, J=0.8 Hz, 2H), 1.93-1.85 (m, 2H), 1.73 (dd, J=12.8,4.5 Hz, 2H).

Step 3. Preparation of (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(4-hydroxy-1-(methylsulfonyl)piperidin-4-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

To a solution of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(50 mg, 0.076 mmol) and2-(4-hydroxy-1-(methylsulfonyl)piperidin-4-yl)acetaldehyde (25.3 mg,0.114 mmol) in DCE (0.6 mL) was added titanium(IV) isopropoxide (0.034mL, 0.114 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h.Sodium triacetoxyborohydride (32.3 mg, 0.152 mmol) was added and themixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The mixture wastransferred to a separatory funnel containing saturated aqueous sodiumbicarbonate solution (5 mL). The aqueous layer was extracted withdichloromethane (3×10 mL). The combined organic layers were washed withbrine (5 mL), dried over MgSO₄, filtered, and concentrated. The productwas purified by column chromatography on silica gel (10% 9:1acetone:methanol/90% hexanes→30% 9:1 acetone:methanol/70% hexanes; 24 gcolumn, λ=220 nm) to afford (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(4-hydroxy-1-(methylsulfonyl)piperidin-4-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(49 mg, 0.057 mmol, 75% yield) as a colorless foam: ¹H NMR (500 MHz,CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.41-7.31 (m, 5H), 5.33 (br. s., 1H), 5.22-5.16 (m, 2H),5.13 (dd, J=6.2, 1.8 Hz, 1H), 4.75 (d, J=1.5 Hz, 1H), 4.62 (s, 1H),4.61-4.55 (m, 1H), 4.49 (td, J=8.9, 5.5 Hz, 1H), 3.67-3.58 (m, 2H),3.16-3.05 (m, 2H), 2.86-2.79 (m, 1H), 2.82 (s, 3H), 2.77-2.69 (m, 1H),2.62 (d, J=16.8 Hz, 1H), 2.55 (td, J=10.9, 5.6 Hz, 1H), 2.18-0.86 (m,33H), 1.70 (s, 3H), 1.05 (s, 3H), 0.98 (s, 3H), 0.92 (s, 3H), 0.91 (s,3H), 0.86 (s, 3H); LC/MS m/e 861.6 [(M+H)⁺, calcd for C₅₂H₇₈FN₂O₅S861.6], t_(R)=4.63 min (method 2-2).

Step 4. A solution of(S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(4-hydroxy-1-(methylsulfonyl)piperidin-4-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(48 mg, 0.056 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (0.7 mL) and EtOH (0.35 mL) wastreated with sodium hydroxide (2M aq) (0.139 mL, 0.279 mmol). Thereaction mixture was heated at 70° C. for 2 h. The mixture was cooled toroom temperature, was filtered through a syringe filter, and waspurified by reverse phase preparative HPLC (method 2-1). The organicsolvent was evaporated on the rotovapor and the aqueous mixture waslyophilized to afford(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(4-hydroxy-1-(methylsulfonyl)piperidin-4-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid.TFA (38.6 mg, 77% yield) as a white amorphous solid: ¹H NMR (500MHz, Acetic Acid-d₄) δ 5.39 (br. s., 1H), 5.25 (d, J=4.6 Hz, 1H), 4.83(s, 1H), 4.73 (s, 1H), 4.66-4.57 (m, 1H), 4.55-4.47 (m, 1H), 3.65-3.50(m, 2H), 3.47-3.34 (m, 2H), 3.25-3.12 (m, 2H), 2.88 (s, 3H), 2.87-2.79(m, 1H), 2.61 (d, J=17.5 Hz, 1H), 2.33-1.09 (m, 33H), 1.75 (s, 3H), 1.17(s, 3H), 1.09 (s, 3H), 1.00 (s, 3H), 0.99 (s, 3H), 0.95 (s, 3H); LC/MSm/e 771.6 [(M+H)⁺, calcd for C₄₅H₇₂FN₂O₅S 771.5], t_(R)=4.43 min (method2-2); HPLC (method 2-1): t_(R)=18.97 min; HPLC (method 2-2): t_(R)=20.11min.

Example 2-15 Preparation of(S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1-acetyl-4-hydroxypiperidin-4-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1. Preparation of 1-(4-allyl-4-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)ethanone

To a solution of 1-acetylpiperidin-4-one (1.00 g, 7.08 mmol) in THF (50mL) at −10° C. (acetone/ice bath) was added allylmagnesium bromide (1Min diethyl ether) (7.44 mL, 7.44 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirredat −10° C. for 30 min. The reaction was quenched by the addition ofsaturated NH₄Cl solution (50 mL). The mixture was transferred to aseparatory funnel and the aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate(3×50 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (50 mL),dried over MgSO₄, filtered, and concentrated to afford1-(4-allyl-4-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)ethanone (836 mg, 4.56 mmol, 64%yield) as a brown oil. The product was used directly in the next stepwithout further purification. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 5.88(ddt, J=17.2, 10.1, 7.6 Hz, 1H), 5.28-5.22 (m, 1H), 5.19 (ddt, J=17.1,2.1, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 4.41-4.33 (m, 1H), 3.65-3.56 (m, 1H), 3.52-3.43 (m,1H), 3.04 (ddd, J=13.4, 9.3, 6.1 Hz, 1H), 2.26 (d, J=7.8 Hz, 2H), 2.12(s, 3H), 1.63-1.55 (m, 4H).

Step 2. Preparation of 2-(1-acetyl-4-hydroxypiperidin-4-yl)acetaldehyde

To a solution of 1-(4-allyl-4-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)ethanone (280 mg,1.528 mmol) in dioxane (12 mL) and water (3 mL) at 0° C. was added2,6-lutidine (0.356 mL, 3.06 mmol), osmium tetroxide (2.5% in t-BuOH)(0.384 mL, 0.031 mmol), and sodium periodate (1307 mg, 6.11 mmol). Thecooling bath was removed and the reaction mixture was stirred at roomtemperature for 2.5 h. The mixture was transferred to a separatoryfunnel containing water (10 mL) and saturated aqueous NaHCO₃ solution(10 mL). The aqueous layer was extracted with 5% methanol in chloroform(8×20 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (20 mL),dried over MgSO₄, filtered, and concentrated. The product was purifiedby column chromatography on silica gel (4%→10% methanol in CH₂Cl₂; 24 gcolumn) to afford 2-(1-acetyl-4-hydroxypiperidin-4-yl)acetaldehyde (48.6mg, 0.262 mmol, 17% yield) as a colorless oil. ¹H NMR showed that theproduct was not completely pure. The product was used directly in thenext step. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 9.88 (t, J=1.0 Hz, 1H),4.41-4.33 (m, 1H), 3.61-3.56 (m, 1H), 3.56-3.45 (m, 3H), 3.12-3.00 (m,1H), 2.11 (s, 3H), 1.87-1.76 (m, 2H), 1.54 (tdd, J=12.8, 8.0, 4.9 Hz,2H).

Step 3. Preparation of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1-acetyl-4-hydroxypiperidin-4-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

To a solution of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(50 mg, 0.076 mmol) and 2-(1-acetyl-4-hydroxypiperidin-4-yl)acetaldehyde(42.4 mg, 0.229 mmol) in DCE (0.6 mL) was added titanium(IV)isopropoxide (0.067 mL, 0.229 mmol). The mixture was stirred at roomtemperature for 1 h. Sodium triacetoxyborohydride (48.5 mg, 0.229 mmol)was added and the mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. Themixture was transferred to a separatory funnel containing saturatedaqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (5 mL). The aqueous layer wasextracted with dichloromethane (3×10 mL). The combined organic layerswere washed with brine (5 mL), dried over MgSO₄, filtered, andconcentrated. The product was purified by column chromatography onsilica gel (10% 9:1 acetone:methanol/90% hexanes→40% 9:1acetone:methanol/60% hexanes; 24 g column, λ=220 nm) to afford(S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1-acetyl-4-hydroxypiperidin-4-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(46 mg, 0.056 mmol, 73% yield) as a colorless foam: ¹H NMR (500 MHz,CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.40-7.31 (m, 5H), 5.33 (br. s., 1H), 5.22-5.16 (m, 2H),5.15-5.10 (m, 1H), 4.74 (s, 1H), 4.62 (d, J=1.2 Hz, 1H), 4.60-4.55 (m,1H), 4.52-4.46 (m, 1H), 4.38 (d, J=13.1 Hz, 1H), 3.64-3.49 (m, 2H),3.15-3.05 (m, 1H), 2.87-2.70 (m, 2H), 2.64-2.52 (m, 2H), 2.19-0.87 (m,33H), 2.11 (s, 3H), 1.70 (s, 3H), 1.07 (s, 3H), 0.98 (s, 3H), 0.92 (s,3H), 0.90 (s, 3H), 0.86 (s, 3H); LC/MS m/e 825.6 [(M+H)⁺, calcd forC₅₃H₇₈FN₂O₄ 825.6], t_(R)=4.74 min (method 2-3).

Step 4. A solution of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1-acetyl-4-hydroxypiperidin-4-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(45 mg, 0.055 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (0.7 mL) and EtOH (0.35 mL) wastreated with sodium hydroxide (2M aq) (0.136 mL, 0.273 mmol). Thereaction mixture was heated at 50° C. for 2 h then at 65° C. for 1 h.The mixture was cooled to room temperature, was filtered through asyringe filter, and was purified by reverse phase preparative HPLC(method 2-1). The organic solvent was evaporated on the rotovapor andthe aqueous mixture was lyophilized to afford(S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1-acetyl-4-hydroxypiperidin-4-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid.TFA (34 mg, 73% yield) as a white amorphous solid: ¹H NMR (500 MHz,Acetic Acid-d₄) δ 5.39 (br. s., 1H), 5.25 (d, J=5.0 Hz, 1H), 4.83 (br.s., 1H), 4.73 (s, 1H), 4.64-4.57 (m, 1H), 4.55-4.47 (m, 1H), 4.43-4.28(m, 1H), 3.78-3.67 (m, 1H), 3.66-3.52 (m, 1H), 3.47-3.35 (m, 2H),3.26-3.10 (m, 1H), 2.92-2.77 (m, 1H), 2.61 (d, J=17.2 Hz, 1H), 2.39-1.10(m, 33H), 2.18 (s, 3H), 1.75 (s, 3H), 1.17 (s, 3H), 1.10 (s, 3H), 1.00(s, 3H), 0.99 (s, 3H), 0.95 (s, 3H); LC/MS m/e 735.6 [(M+H)⁺, calcd forC₄₆H₇₆FN₂O₄ 739.6], t_(R)=4.27 min (method 2-2); HPLC (method 2-1):t_(R)=18.86 min; HPLC (method 2-2): t_(R)=19.90 min.

Preparation of 2-((trans)-1,4-dihydroxy-4-methylcyclohexyl)acetaldehydeand 2-((cis)-1,4-dihydroxy-4-methylcyclohexyl)acetaldehyde

Step 1. Preparation of 8-methyl-1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decan-8-ol

To THF (100 mL) in a round bottom flask at −78° C. under N₂ was addedmethyllithium (48.0 mL, 77 mmol) and methylmagnesium bromide (12.81 mL,38.4 mmol) via syringe. After stirring at −78° C. for 1 h,1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decan-8-one (5.00 g, 32.0 mmol) in THF (50 mL) wasadded via cannula. The reaction mixture was stirred at −78° C. for 1.5h. The reaction was quenched by the addition of saturated aqueous NH₄Clsolution (100 mL). The mixture was transferred to a separatory funnelcontaining water (50 mL) and the aqueous layer was extracted with ethylacetate (3×150 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine(100 mL), dried over MgSO₄, filtered, and concentrated to afford8-methyl-1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decan-8-ol (5.47 g, 99% yield). The productwas used in the next step without further purification. ¹H NMR (400 MHz,CHLOROFORM-d) δ 4.03-3.91 (m, 4H), 1.97-1.84 (m, 2H), 1.79-1.56 (m, 6H),1.28 (s, 3H), 1.17 (s, 1H); ¹³C NMR (100 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 108.27,68.52, 63.87, 63.81, 36.33, 30.47, 29.39.

Step 2. Preparation of 4-hydroxy-4-methylcyclohexanone

To a solution of 8-methyl-1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decan-8-ol (5.26 g, 30.5mmol) in acetone (40 mL) and water (60 mL) at room temperature was added4M HCl (22.91 mL, 92 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated at 40° C.for 14 h. The mixture was cooled to room temperature and was neutralizedby the addition of solid sodium carbonate. The acetone was removed onthe rotovapor and the aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate(7×150 mL). The combined organic layers were dried over MgSO₄, filtered,and concentrated. The product was purified by column chromatography onsilica gel (70% ethyl acetate in hexanes) to afford4-hydroxy-4-methylcyclohexanone (3.27 g, 25.5 mmol, 84% yield) as awhite solid: ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 2.80-2.68 (m, 2H),2.30-2.20 (m, 2H), 2.04-1.94 (m, 2H), 1.92-1.80 (m, 2H), 1.56 (s, 1H),1.39 (s, 3H); ¹³C NMR (100 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 211.55, 68.14, 38.40,36.80, 29.51.

Step 3. Preparation of (trans)-1-allyl-4-methylcyclohexane-1,4-diol and(cis)-1-allyl-4-methylcyclohexane-1,4-diol

To a solution of 4-hydroxy-4-methylcyclohexanone (3.20 g, 24.97 mmol) inTHF (200 mL) at 0° C. was added allylmagnesium bromide (1M in diethylether) (62.4 mL, 62.4 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 0° C.for 30 min. The reaction was quenched by the addition of saturated NH₄Clsolution (70 mL). The mixture was transferred to a separatory funnel andthe aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (3×150 mL). Thecombined organic layers were washed with brine (50 mL), dried overMgSO₄, filtered, and concentrated. The product was purified by columnchromatography on silica gel (30%→90% ethyl acetate in hexanes; 330 gcolumn, 35 min gradient) to afford(trans)-1-allyl-4-methylcyclohexane-1,4-diol (1.90 g, 11.16 mmol, 45%yield) as a white solid and (cis)-1-allyl-4-methylcyclohexane-1,4-diol(2.35 g, 13.80 mmol, 55% yield) as a colorless oil, which solidifiedupon standing.

(trans)-1-allyl-4-methylcyclohexane-1,4-diol

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 5.92 (ddt, J=17.3, 10.1, 7.5 Hz, 1H),5.23-5.12 (m, 2H), 2.26 (d, J=7.5 Hz, 2H), 1.85-1.71 (m, 4H), 1.55-1.43(m, 4H), 1.28 (s, 3H); ¹³C NMR (100 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 133.08, 118.72,69.66, 68.77, 47.59, 33.87, 32.29, 30.80.

The structure of (trans)-1-allyl-4-methylcyclohexane-1,4-diol wasconfirmed by X-ray crystallography.

(cis)-1-allyl-4-methylcyclohexane-1,4-diol

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 5.90 (ddt, J=17.2, 10.0, 7.5 Hz, 1H),5.21-5.10 (m, 2H), 2.25 (dt, J=7.5, 1.0 Hz, 2H), 1.81-1.66 (m, 4H),1.57-1.47 (m, 4H), 1.24 (s, 3H); ¹³C NMR (100 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ133.12, 118.59, 70.01, 69.34, 44.54, 35.55, 33.99, 26.76.

Step 4a. Preparation of2-((trans)-1,4-dihydroxy-4-methylcyclohexyl)acetaldehyde (Method A)

To a solution of (trans)-1-allyl-4-methylcyclohexane-1,4-diol (0.98 g,5.76 mmol) in dioxane (40 mL) and water (10 mL) at 0° C. was added2,6-lutidine (1.341 mL, 11.51 mmol), osmium tetroxide (4% in water)(0.704 mL, 0.115 mmol), and sodium periodate (4.92 g, 23.03 mmol). Thereaction mixture was allowed to warm up to room temperature as theice-water bath melted while stirring for 14 h. The mixture wastransferred to a separatory funnel containing 1 N HCl (aq) (25 mL). Theaqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (20×50 mL). (It wasdifficult to extract the product from the aqueous layer.) The combinedorganic layers were washed with saturated NaHCO₃ solution (8 mL), driedover MgSO₄, filtered, and concentrated. TLC of the bicarbonate washshowed that some product went into the aqueous layer. This layer wasconcentrated. The residue was suspended in dichloromethane and, alongwith the residue from the organic extract, was purified by columnchromatography on silica gel (70% ethyl acetate with 3% methanol/30%hexanes→100% ethyl acetate with 3% methanol; 120 g column) to afford2-((trans)-1,4-dihydroxy-4-methylcyclohexyl)acetaldehyde (0.78 g, 4.53mmol, 79% yield) as a white solid: ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 9.91(t, J=1.6 Hz, 1H), 2.65 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 2H), 1.91-1.73 (m, 4H), 1.69-1.62(m, 2H), 1.53-1.46 (m, 2H), 1.28 (s, 3H).

Step 4a. Alternate method for the preparation of2-((trans)-1,4-dihydroxy-4-methylcyclohexyl)acetaldehyde (Method B)

(trans)-1-Allyl-4-methylcyclohexane-1,4-diol (1.00 g, 5.87 mmol) wasdissolved in CH₂Cl₂ (50 mL) and MeOH (10 mL) in a 250 mL round bottomflask. N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMO) (0.826 g, 7.05 mmol) was addedand the mixture was cooled to −78° C. [Schwartz, C., Raible, J., Mott,K., Dussault, P. H. Org. Lett. 2006, 8, 3199-3201]. Ozone was bubbledthrough the reaction mixture until the solution was saturated with ozone(turned into a blue color) and several minutes thereafter (total time 10min). Nitrogen was then bubbled through the reaction mixture until thedisappearance of the blue color. Dimethyl sulfide (4.34 mL, 58.7 mmol)was then added and the reaction mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 2.5 h.The mixture was concentrated under vacuum. The product was purified bycolumn chromatography on silica gel (50% ethyl acetate with 1%methanol/50% hexanes→95% ethyl acetate with 1% methanol/5% hexanes; 80 gcolumn) to afford2-((trans)-1,4-dihydroxy-4-methylcyclohexyl)acetaldehyde (937 mg, 5.44mmol, 93% yield) as a white solid: ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 9.90(s, 1H), 2.65 (s, 2H), 1.89-1.74 (m, 4H), 1.69-1.62 (m, 2H), 1.52-1.46(m, 2H), 1.28 (s, 3H); ¹³C NMR (100 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 203.02, 69.65,68.45, 55.15, 33.34, 32.46, 30.90.

Step 4b. Preparation of2-((cis)-1,4-dihydroxy-4-methylcyclohexyl)acetaldehyde

To a solution of (cis)-1-allyl-4-methylcyclohexane-1,4-diol (185 mg,1.087 mmol) in dioxane (8 mL) and water (2 mL) at 0° C. was added2,6-lutidine (0.253 mL, 2.173 mmol), osmium tetroxide (4% in water)(0.133 mL, 0.022 mmol), and sodium periodate (930 mg, 4.35 mmol). Thereaction mixture was allowed to warm up to room temperature as theice-water bath melted while stirring for 14 h. The mixture wastransferred to a separatory funnel containing 1N HCl (aq) (15 mL). Theaqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (10 mL). After the firstextraction, the aqueous layer was saturated with sodium chloride and theaqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (17×10 mL). The combinedorganic layers were washed with saturated aqueous NaHCO₃ (2 mL), driedover MgSO₄, filtered, and concentrated. The product was purified bycolumn chromatography on silica gel (8%→12% methanol in CH₂Cl₂; 40 gcolumn) to afford 2-((cis)-1,4-dihydroxy-4-methylcyclohexyl)acetaldehyde(146 mg, 0.848 mmol, 78% yield) as a colorless oil: ¹H NMR (400 MHz,CHLOROFORM-d) δ 9.91 (t, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 2.65 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 2H),1.91-1.76 (m, 4H), 1.63-1.46 (m, 4H), 1.26 (s, 3H).

Example 2-16 Preparation of(S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-((trans)-1,4-dihydroxy-4-methylcyclohexyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1. Preparation of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-((trans)-1,4-dihydroxy-4-methylcyclohexyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

(S)-Benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(1.00 g, 1.524 mmol) and2-((trans)-1,4-dihydroxy-4-methylcyclohexyl)acetaldehyde (0.420 g, 2.439mmol) were dissolved in MeOH (12.5 mL) and acetic acid (2.5 mL).Borane-2-picoline complex (0.261 g, 2.439 mmol) was added and themixture was stirred at room temperature for 14 h. Additional2-((trans)-1,4-dihydroxy-4-methylcyclohexyl)acetaldehyde (0.131 g, 0.762mmol, 0.5 eq) and borane-2-picoline complex (0.082 g, 0.762 mmol, 0.5eq) were added to the reaction mixture and stirring was continued for 1h. The reaction mixture was neutralized by the addition of water (5 mL)and solid sodium carbonate. The mixture was transferred to a separatoryfunnel containing saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (50 mL).The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (7×50 mL). Thecombined organic layers were washed with brine (15 mL), dried overMgSO₄, filtered, and concentrated. The product was purified by columnchromatography on silica gel (20% ethyl acetate with 5% methanol/80%hexanes→90% ethyl acetate with 5% methanol/10% hexanes; 120 g column, 25min gradient) to afford (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-((trans)-1,4-dihydroxy-4-methylcyclohexyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(856 mg, 1.054 mmol, 69% yield) as a colorless foam: ¹H NMR (500 MHz,CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.40-7.31 (m, 5H), 5.33 (br. s., 1H), 5.23-5.16 (m, 2H),5.13 (dd, J=6.2, 1.8 Hz, 1H), 4.74 (d, J=1.5 Hz, 1H), 4.62-4.56 (m, 2H),4.53-4.46 (m, 1H), 2.85-2.78 (m, 1H), 2.77-2.70 (m, 1H), 2.66-2.55 (m,2H), 2.18-1.02 (m, 37H), 1.69 (s, 3H), 1.30 (s, 3H), 1.06 (s, 3H), 0.98(s, 3H), 0.91 (s, 3H), 0.91 (s, 3H), 0.86 (s, 3H); LC/MS m/e 812.6[(M+H)⁺, calcd for C₅₃H₇₉FNO₄ 812.6], t_(R)=4.89 min (method 2-3).

Step 2. A solution of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-((trans)-1,4-dihydroxy-4-methylcyclohexyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(401 mg, 0.494 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (7.5 mL) and EtOH (2.5 mL) wastreated with sodium hydroxide (2M aq) (1.234 mL, 2.469 mmol). Thereaction mixture was heated at 70° C. for 2.5 h. The mixture was cooledto room temperature, was diluted with methanol (4 mL) (to dissolve theprecipitate), was filtered through a syringe filter, and was purified byreverse phase preparative HPLC (method 2-4). The organic solvent wasevaporated on the rotovapor and the aqueous mixture was lyophilized toafford(S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-((trans)-1,4-dihydroxy-4-methylcyclohexyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid.TFA (267 mg, 0.316 mmol, 64% yield) as a white amorphous solid: ¹HNMR (500 MHz, Acetic Acid-d₄) δ 5.39 (br. s., 1H), 5.27-5.22 (m, 1H),4.82 (s, 1H), 4.72 (s, 1H), 4.66-4.57 (m, 1H), 4.55-4.44 (m, 1H),3.42-3.35 (m, 2H), 2.89-2.81 (m, 1H), 2.61 (d, J=16.9 Hz, 1H), 2.31-1.34(m, 35H), 1.75 (s, 3H), 1.30 (s, 3H), 1.17 (s, 3H), 1.15-1.11 (m, 2H),1.09 (s, 3H), 1.00 (s, 3H), 0.99 (s, 3H), 0.95 (s, 3H); LC/MS m/e 722.6[(M+H)⁺, calcd for C₄₆H₇₃FNO₄ 722.6], t_(R)=4.36 min (method 2-2); HPLC(method 2-1): t_(R)=19.03 min; HPLC (method 2-2): t_(R)=20.26 min.

Example 2-17 Preparation of(R)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-((trans)-1,4-dihydroxy-4-methylcyclohexyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1. Preparation of (R)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-((trans)-1,4-dihydroxy-4-methylcyclohexyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

(R)-Benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(120 mg, 0.183 mmol) and2-((trans)-1,4-dihydroxy-4-methylcyclohexyl)acetaldehyde (56.7 mg, 0.329mmol) were dissolved in MeOH (1.5 mL) and acetic acid (0.3 mL).Borane-2-picoline complex (35.2 mg, 0.329 mmol) was added and themixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h. The mixture wastransferred to a separatory funnel containing saturated aqueous sodiumbicarbonate solution (20 mL) and saturated aqueous sodium carbonatesolution (2 mL). The aqueous layer was extracted with dichloromethane(4×25 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (15 mL),dried over MgSO₄, filtered, and concentrated. The product was purifiedby column chromatography on silica gel (20% ethyl acetate with 5%methanol/80% hexanes→90% ethyl acetate with 5% methanol/10% hexanes; 80g column, 20 min gradient) to afford (R)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-((trans)-1,4-dihydroxy-4-methylcyclohexyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(96.7 mg, 0.119 mmol, 65% yield) as a colorless foam: ¹H NMR (500 MHz,CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.39-7.31 (m, 5H), 5.33 (br. s., 1H), 5.22-5.15 (m, 2H),5.11 (dd, J=6.1, 1.5 Hz, 1H), 4.73 (s, 1H), 4.62-4.55 (m, 2H), 4.52-4.45(m, 1H), 2.83-2.69 (m, 2H), 2.65-2.53 (m, 2H), 2.21-0.87 (m, 37H), 1.69(s, 3H), 1.29 (s, 3H), 1.05 (s, 3H), 0.97 (s, 3H), 0.93 (s, 3H), 0.88(s, 3H), 0.86 (s, 3H); LC/MS m/e 812.6 [(M+H)⁺, calcd for C₅₃H₇₉FNO₄812.6], t_(R)=4.58 min (method 2-3).

Step 2. A solution of (R)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-((trans)-1,4-dihydroxy-4-methylcyclohexyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(95 mg, 0.117 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (1.5 mL) and MeOH (0.5 mL) wastreated with sodium hydroxide (2M aq) (0.292 mL, 0.585 mmol). Thereaction mixture was heated at 70° C. for 4 h. The reaction wascomplete. The mixture was cooled to room temperature, was filteredthrough a syringe filter, and was purified by reverse phase preparativeHPLC (method 2-4). The organic solvent was evaporated on the rotovaporand the aqueous mixture was lyophilized to afford(R)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-((trans)-1,4-dihydroxy-4-methylcyclohexyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid.TFA (40.8 mg, 0.049 mmol, 42% yield) as a white amorphous solid: ¹HNMR (500 MHz, Acetic Acid-d₄) δ 5.39 (br. s., 1H), 5.25 (d, J=5.4 Hz,1H), 4.83 (s, 1H), 4.72 (s, 1H), 4.66-4.57 (m, 1H), 4.55-4.47 (m, 1H),3.43-3.36 (m, 2H), 2.90-2.82 (m, 1H), 2.62 (d, J=16.9 Hz, 1H), 2.38-2.28(m, 1H), 2.26-1.35 (m, 34H), 1.75 (s, 3H), 1.31 (s, 3H), 1.17 (s, 3H),1.14 (d, J=9.5 Hz, 2H), 1.10 (s, 3H), 1.02 (s, 3H), 0.98 (s, 3H), 0.95(s, 3H); LC/MS m/e 722.6 [(M+H)⁺, calcd for C₄₆H₇₃FNO₄ 722.6],t_(R)=4.34 min (method 2-2); HPLC (method 2-5): t_(R)=11.74 min; HPLC(method 2-6): t_(R)=11.29 min.

Example 2-18 Preparation of(S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-((cis)-1,4-dihydroxy-4-methylcyclohexyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1. Preparation of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-((cis)-1,4-dihydroxy-4-methylcyclohexyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

A mixture of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(100 mg, 0.152 mmol), 2-((cis)1,4-dihydroxy-4-methylcyclohexyl)acetaldehyde (52.5 mg, 0.305 mmol), andborane-2-picoline complex (32.6 mg, 0.305 mmol) in MeOH (1.4 mL) andacetic acid (0.35 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 18 h. Themixture was transferred to a separatory funnel containing saturatedaqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (5 mL). The aqueous layer wasextracted with dichloromethane (3×10 mL). The combined organic layerswere washed with brine (5 mL), dried over MgSO₄, filtered, andconcentrated. The product was purified by column chromatography onsilica gel (10% 9:1 acetone:methanol/90% hexanes→30% 9:1acetone:methanol/70% hexanes; 40 g column, λ=220 nm) to afford(S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-((cis)-1,4-dihydroxy-4-methylcyclohexyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(72.5 mg, 0.089 mmol, 59% yield) as a white foam: ¹H NMR (500 MHz,CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.38-7.34 (m, 5H), 5.33 (br. s., 1H), 5.23-5.16 (m, 2H),5.13 (dd, J=6.1, 1.5 Hz, 1H), 4.73 (d, J=1.7 Hz, 1H), 4.62-4.56 (m, 2H),4.53-4.46 (m, 1H), 2.83-2.75 (m, 1H), 2.73-2.66 (m, 1H), 2.64-2.52 (m,2H), 2.18-1.00 (m, 37H), 1.69 (s, 3H), 1.24 (s, 3H), 1.07 (s, 3H), 0.98(s, 3H), 0.91 (s, 3H), 0.90 (s, 3H), 0.86 (s, 3H); LC/MS m/e 812.7[(M+H)⁺, calcd for C₅₃H₇₉FNO₄ 812.6], t_(R)=4.78 min (method 2-3).

Step 2. A solution of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-((cis)-1,4-dihydroxy-4-methylcyclohexyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(65 mg, 0.080 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (1.0 mL) and EtOH (0.5 mL) wastreated with sodium hydroxide (2M aq) (0.200 mL, 0.400 mmol). Thereaction mixture was heated at 70° C. for 2 h. The mixture was cooled toroom temperature, was filtered through a syringe filter, and waspurified by reverse phase preparative HPLC (method 2-1). The product (37mg) contained a significant amount of an impurity (ca. 10%). The productwas then repurified by reverse phase preparative HPLC (method 2-5) toafford(S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-((cis)-1,4-dihydroxy-4-methylcyclohexyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid.TFA (22.1 mg, 33% yield) as a white amorphous solid: ¹H NMR (500MHz, Acetic Acid-d₄) δ 5.39 (br. s., 1H), 5.25 (d, J=4.6 Hz, 1H), 4.83(s, 1H), 4.72 (s, 1H), 4.64-4.56 (m, 1H), 4.55-4.46 (m, 1H), 3.44-3.37(m, 1H), 3.36-3.28 (m, 1H), 2.91-2.82 (m, 1H), 2.61 (d, J=16.6 Hz, 1H),2.31-1.11 (m, 37H), 1.75 (s, 3H), 1.27 (s, 3H), 1.17 (s, 3H), 1.09 (s,3H), 1.00 (s, 3H), 0.99 (s, 3H), 0.95 (s, 3H); LC/MS m/e 722.6 [(M+H)⁺,calcd for C₄₆H₇₃FNO₄ 722.6], t_(R)=4.34 min (method 2-2); HPLC (method2-1): t_(R)=18.87 min; HPLC (method 2-2): t_(R)=20.20 min.

Preparation of 4-(methylsulfonyl)cyclohexanone (Route 1)

Step 1. Preparation of 1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decan-8-yl4-methylbenzenesulfonate

To a 0° C. solution of 1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decan-8-ol (10 g, 63.2 mmol),triethylamine (13.22 mL, 95.0 mmol), and N,N-dimethylpyridin-4-amine(0.772 g, 6.32 mmol) in CH₂Cl₂ (400 mL) was added portion wise4-methylbenzene-1-sulfonyl chloride (13.26 g, 69.5 mmol). The reactionmixture was allowed to warm to room temperature while stirring for 16hours. The reaction mixture was diluted with CH₂Cl₂ (400 mL) and waswashed with water (2×400 mL). The combined organic layers were driedover MgSO₄, filtered and concentrated. The product was purified bycolumn chromatography on silica gel (0%→30% ethyl acetate in hexanes;the crude product was divided in half and purified on two 330 g columns)to afford 1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decan-8-yl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate (19.6g, 62.7 mmol, 99% yield): ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.82 (d, J=8.3 Hz,2H), 7.35 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H), 4.66 (tt, J=6.0, 3.0 Hz, 1H), 3.98-3.88 (m,4H), 2.47 (s, 3H), 1.95-1.74 (m, 5H), 1.63-1.51 (m, 3H); LC/MS (ESI) m/e335.2 [(M+Na)⁺, calcd for C₁₅H₂₀O₅SNa 335.1], t_(R)=2.06 min (method2-1).

Step 2. Preparation of 8-(methylthio)-1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decane

1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decan-8-yl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate (19.6 g, 62.7mmol) in ethanol (26.7 mL) was added to a solution of sodiumthiomethoxide (13.19 g, 188 mmol) in MeOH (80 mL). The reaction mixturewas heated at 80° C. for 16 h in a sealed pressure vessel. LC-MS showedthe formation of the desired product. The reaction mixture waspartitioned between ethyl acetate and water. The aqueous layer wasextracted with ethyl acetate (3×250 mL) and the combined organic layerswere concentrated under vacuum. The residue was partitioned betweenCH₂Cl₂ and sat. aq. sodium bicarbonate solution. The aq layer wasextracted with additional CH₂Cl₂. The combined organic layers were driedover sodium sulfate, concentrated under vacuum and purified by columnchromatography on silica gel (100% hexanes→25% ethyl acetate with 5%methanol/75% hexanes; 330 g column) to afford8-(methylthio)-1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decane (9.6 g, 51.0 mmol, 81% yield)as a colorless oil: ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 3.93 (s, 4H), 2.62 (tt,J=9.9, 3.8 Hz, 1H), 2.08 (s, 3H), 2.02-1.93 (m, 2H), 1.87-1.78 (m, 2H),1.72-1.52 (m, 4H); LC/MS (ESI) m/e 189.2 [(M+H)⁺, calcd for C₉H₁₆O₂S189.1], t_(R)=1.91 min (method 2-1).

Step 3. Preparation of 8-(methylsulfonyl)-1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decane

To a solution of 8-(methylthio)-1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decane (9.6 g, 51.0mmol) in CH₂Cl₂ (400 mL) was added mCPBA (22.85 g, 102 mmol) at 0° C.The solution was warmed to room temperature and was stirred for 15 h.The reaction mixture was transferred to a separatory funnel containing 1N aqueous sodium hydroxide (200 mL) and was extracted with ethyl acetate(3×200 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine, driedover Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated to afford8-(methylsulfonyl)-1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decane (9.42 g, 42.8 mmol, 84%yield). The product was used in the next step without furtherpurification. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 3.99-3.95 (m, 4H), 2.90-2.80 (m,1H), 2.85 (s, 3H), 2.29-2.19 (m, 2H), 1.98-1.83 (m, 4H), 1.67-1.56 (m,2H).

Step 4. Preparation of 4-(methylsulfonyl)cyclohexanone

In a round bottom flask, HCl (71.1 mL, 427 mmol) was added to a solutionof 8-(methylsulfonyl)-1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decane (9.4 g, 42.7 mmol). Thereaction mixture was stirred overnight at rt for 16 h. The reactionmixture was partially concentrated in vacuum and was partitioned betweenEtOAc (200 mL) and water (200 mL). The aq layer was extracted with EtOAc(3×200 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with saturatedaqueous sodium bicarbonate solution, brine, dried over MgSO₄, filtered,and concentrated under vacuum. The crude product was purified by columnchromatography on silica gel (70% ethyl acetate with 1% methanol/30%hexanes→100% ethyl acetate with 1% methanol; 330 g column) to afford4-(methylsulfonyl)cyclohexanone (4.7 g, 26.7 mmol, 63% yield): ¹H NMR(400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 3.35-3.21 (m, 1H), 2.92 (s, 3H), 2.65-2.56 (m, 2H),2.54-2.35 (m, 4H), 2.16-2.01 (m, 2H).

Alternate Method for the Preparation of 4-(methylsulfonyl)cyclohexanone(Route 2)

To a solution of (methylsulfonyl)ethene (10.0 g, 94 mmol) in benzene (50mL) was added (buta-1,3-dien-2-yloxy)trimethylsilane (14.07 g, 99 mmol)and hydroquinone (20 mg, 0.182 mmol). The mixture was degassed severaltimes at −78° C. prior to heating. The contents were sealed and heatedat 105° C. for 48 hours. The reaction was analyzed by NMR in CDCl₃ thatshowed about 10% of the vinyl sulfone residue. Additional(buta-1,3-dien-2-yloxy)trimethylsilane (4 mL) was added and heatingresumed for another 48 hours. The reaction mixture was evaporated to athick gum under vacuum at room temperature (˜19° C.). The mixture wasrediluted with acetone (250 mL) resulting in the formation of a clearsolution. The mixture was chilled in an ice bath until cold. 4 mL of0.25 N HCl (pre-chilled in the same ice-bath) was added resulting in theformation a cloudy mixture, which became clear after 15 minutes ofstirring at 0° C., and then returned to a cloudy state in another 10minutes, it remained turbid for the rest of stirring period. The acetonesolution was filtered through a short bed of silica gel type-H after atotal reaction time of about one hour, and was then washed with moreacetone. The filtrate was concentrated on the rotovapor at 19° C. bathtemperature. The crude product was sub-divided into two parts, 7.75 gmeach, for purification. The product was purified by columnchromatography on silica gel (30% ethyl acetate→100% ethyl acetate inhexanes; two 330 g columns) to afford 4-(methylsulfonyl)cyclohexanone(16.7 g, 100% yield) as a white solid: ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ3.29 (tt, J=11.0, 3.9 Hz, 1H), 2.94 (s, 3H), 2.73-2.62 (m, 2H),2.58-2.37 (m, 4H), 2.15 (qd, J=11.9, 4.5 Hz, 2H).

Preparation of2-(cis-1-hydroxy-4-(methylsulfonyl)cyclohexyl)acetaldehyde and2-(trans-1-hydroxy-4-(methylsulfonyl)cyclohexyl)acetaldehyde

Step 1. Preparation of (cis)-1-allyl-4-(methylsulfonyl)cyclohexanol and(trans)-1-allyl-4-(methylsulfonyl)cyclohexanol

To a solution of 4-(methylsulfonyl)cyclohexanone (1.03 g, 5.84 mmol) inTHF (40 mL) at 0° C. was added via cannula allylmagnesium bromide (7.60mL, 7.60 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 30 min.The reaction was quenched by the addition of saturated NH₄Cl solution(25 mL). The mixture was transferred to a separatory funnel and theaqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (5×50 mL). The combinedorganic layers were washed with brine (20 mL), dried over MgSO₄,filtered, and concentrated. The product was purified by columnchromatography on silica gel (70% ethyl acetate with 1% methanol/30%hexanes→100% ethyl acetate with 1% methanol; 40 g column) to afford(cis)-1-allyl-4-(methylsulfonyl)cyclohexanol (374 mg, 1.713 mmol, 29%yield) as a white solid and(trans)-1-allyl-4-(methylsulfonyl)cyclohexanol (551 mg, 2.52 mmol, 43%yield) as a colorless oil.

(cis)-1-allyl-4-(methylsulfonyl)cyclohexanol

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 5.96-5.79 (m, 1H), 5.26-5.21 (m, 1H), 5.18(ddt, J=17.1, 2.1, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 2.85 (s, 3H), 2.80 (tt, J=12.5, 3.6 Hz,1H), 2.25 (d, J=7.5 Hz, 2H), 2.15-2.07 (m, 2H), 1.97 (qd, J=13.0, 3.8Hz, 2H), 1.88-1.81 (m, 2H), 1.52-1.42 (m, 2H); ¹³C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl₃)δ 132.50, 120.02, 69.06, 62.26, 47.86, 36.85, 35.67, 21.13. Thestructure of (cis)-1-allyl-4-(methylsulfonyl)cyclohexanol was confirmedby X-ray crystallography.

(trans)-1-allyl-4-(methylsulfonyl)cyclohexanol

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 5.88 (ddt, J=17.2, 10.1, 7.4 Hz, 1H),5.28-5.16 (m, 2H), 2.98-2.91 (m, 1H), 2.90 (s, 3H), 2.35 (d, J=7.5 Hz,2H), 2.23-2.14 (m, 2H), 2.02-1.93 (m, 2H), 1.90-1.78 (m, 2H), 1.57-1.46(m, 2H); ¹³C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 132.62, 120.19, 69.20, 62.41, 48.00,36.98, 35.83, 21.29.

Step 2a. Preparation of2-((cis)-1-hydroxy-4-(methylsulfonyl)cyclohexyl)acetaldehyde (Method A)

To a solution of (cis)-1-allyl-4-(methylsulfonyl)cyclohexanol (125 mg,0.573 mmol) in dioxane (4.4 mL) and water (1.1 mL) at 0° C. was added2,6-lutidine (0.133 mL, 1.145 mmol), osmium tetroxide (4% in water)(0.070 mL, 0.011 mmol), and sodium periodate (490 mg, 2.290 mmol). Thereaction mixture was allowed to warm up to room temperature as theice-water bath melted while stirring for 14 h. The mixture wastransferred to a separatory funnel containing 1 N HCl (aq) (10 mL). Theaqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (20×15 mL). (It wasdifficult to extract the product from the aqueous layer.) The combinedorganic layers were washed with saturated NaHCO₃ solution (8 mL), driedover MgSO₄, filtered, and concentrated. TLC of the bicarbonate washshowed that some product went into the aqueous layer. This layer wasconcentrated. The residue was suspended in dichloromethane and, alongwith the residue from the organic extract, was purified by columnchromatography on silica gel (80% ethyl acetate with 3% methanol/20%hexanes→100% ethyl acetate with 3% methanol; 40 g column) to afford2-((cis)-1-hydroxy-4-(methylsulfonyl)cyclohexyl)acetaldehyde (94.4 mg,0.429 mmol, 75% yield) as a colorless oil which solidified uponstanding: ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 9.87 (t, J=1.3 Hz, 1H), 2.85 (s,3H), 2.82-2.75 (m, 1H), 2.68 (d, J=1.0 Hz, 2H), 2.13-1.98 (m, 6H),1.50-1.39 (m, 2H).

Step 2a. Preparation of2-((cis)-1-hydroxy-4-(methylsulfonyl)cyclohexyl)acetaldehyde (Method B)

(trans)-1-Allyl-4-(methylsulfonyl)cyclohexanol (3.4 g, 15.57 mmol) wasdissolved in CH₂Cl₂ (160 mL) and MeOH (32.0 mL) in a 500 mL round bottomflask. N-Methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMO) (2.189 g, 18.69 mmol) was addedand the mixture was cooled to −78° C. [Schwartz, C., Raible, J., Mott,K., Dussault, P. H. Org. Lett. 2006, 8, 3199-3201]. Ozone was bubbledthrough the reaction mixture until the solution was saturated with ozone(turned into a blue color) and several minutes thereafter (total time 25min). Nitrogen was then bubbled through the reaction mixture until thedisappearance of the blue color. Dimethyl sulfide (11.52 mL, 156 mmol)was then added and the reaction mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 16 h.The mixture was concentrated under vacuum. The product was purified bycolumn chromatography on silica gel (50% ethyl acetate with 1%methanol/50% hexanes→95% ethyl acetate with 1% methanol/5% hexanes; 330g column) to afford2-((1s,4s)-1-hydroxy-4-(methylsulfonyl)cyclohexyl)acetaldehyde (3.31 g,15.03 mmol, 96% yield) as a white solid: ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d)δ 9.87 (t, J=1.1 Hz, 1H), 2.85 (s, 3H), 2.82-2.76 (m, 1H), 2.67 (d,J=1.3 Hz, 2H), 2.13-1.98 (m, 6H), 1.50-1.38 (m, 2H); ¹³C NMR (101 MHz,CHLOROFORM-d) δ 202.5, 68.9, 61.9, 54.9, 36.8, 35.9, 20.8.

Step 2b. Preparation of2-((trans)-1-hydroxy-4-(methylsulfonyl)cyclohexyl)acetaldehyde

To a solution of (trans)-1-allyl-4-(methylsulfonyl)cyclohexanol (242 mg,1.108 mmol) in dioxane (10 mL) and water (2.5 mL) at 0° C. was added2,6-lutidine (0.258 mL, 2.217 mmol), osmium tetroxide (4% in water)(0.135 mL, 0.022 mmol), and sodium periodate (948 mg, 4.43 mmol). Thereaction mixture was allowed to warm up to room temperature as theice-water bath melted while stirring for 14 h. The mixture wastransferred to a separatory funnel containing 1 N HCl (aq) (10 mL). Theaqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (20×20 mL). (It wasdifficult to extract the product from the aqueous layer.) The combinedorganic layers were washed with saturated NaHCO₃ solution (8 mL), driedover MgSO₄, filtered, and concentrated. TLC of the bicarbonate washshowed that some product went into the aqueous layer. This layer wasconcentrated. The residue was suspended in dichloromethane and, alongwith the residue from the organic extract, was purified by columnchromatography on silica gel (80% ethyl acetate with 3% methanol/20%hexanes→100% ethyl acetate with 3% methanol; 40 g column) to afford2-((trans)-1-hydroxy-4-(methylsulfonyl)cyclohexyl)acetaldehyde (191 mg,0.867 mmol, 78% yield) as a colorless oil: ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ9.89 (t, J=1.3 Hz, 1H), 3.13 (br. s., 1H), 3.02-2.93 (m, 1H), 2.91 (s,3H), 2.79 (d, J=1.3 Hz, 2H), 2.29-2.17 (m, 2H), 2.13-2.04 (m, 2H),1.92-1.78 (m, 2H), 1.68-1.57 (m, 2H).

Example 2-19 Preparation of(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-((cis)-1-hydroxy-4-(methylsulfonyl)cyclohexyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,111a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1. Preparation of (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-((cis)-1-hydroxy-4-(methylsulfonyl)cyclohexyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

A mixture of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(550 mg, 0.838 mmol),2-((cis)-1-hydroxy-4-(methylsulfonyl)cyclohexyl)acetaldehyde (406 mg,1.845 mmol), and borane-2-picoline complex (197 mg, 1.845 mmol) in MeOH(8 mL) and acetic acid (1.6 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 14h. LC/MS showed a peak with the desired mass along with some remainingstarting material. Additional2-((cis)-1-hydroxy-4-(methylsulfonyl)cyclohexyl)acetaldehyde (56 mg,0.254 mmol, 0.3 eq) and borane-2-picoline complex (27 mg, 0.252 mmol,0.3 eq) was added and stirring was continued for 3 h. The mixture wastransferred to a separatory funnel containing saturated aqueous sodiumbicarbonate solution (20 mL) and saturated aqueous sodium carbonatesolution (2 mL). The aqueous layer was extracted with dichloromethane(4×50 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (25 mL),dried over MgSO₄, filtered, and concentrated. The product was purifiedby column chromatography on silica gel (10% 9:1 acetone:methanol/90%hexanes→70% 9:1 acetone:methanol/30% hexanes, 20 min gradient; 80 gcolumn, λ=220 nm) to afford (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-((cis)-1-hydroxy-4-(methylsulfonyl)cyclohexyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(566 mg, 0.658 mmol, 78% yield) as a white solid: ¹H NMR (500 MHz,CHLOROFORM-d δ 7.41-7.31 (m, 5H), 5.33 (br. s., 1H), 5.23-5.16 (m, 2H),5.13 (dd, J=6.2, 1.8 Hz, 1H), 4.75 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 4.64-4.55 (m, 2H),4.53-4.46 (m, 1H), 2.85 (s, 3H), 2.83-2.69 (m, 3H), 2.64-2.51 (m, 2H),2.19-1.02 (m, 36H), 1.70 (s, 3H), 1.06 (s, 3H), 0.98 (s, 3H), 0.92 (s,3H), 0.91 (s, 3H), 0.86 (s, 3H); LC/MS m/e 860.6 [(M+H)⁺, calcd forC₅₃H₇₉FNO₅S 860.6], t_(R)=4.63 min (method 2-3).

Step 2. A solution of(S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-((cis)-1-hydroxy-4-(methylsulfonyl)cyclohexyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(537 mg, 0.624 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (9 mL) and EtOH (3 mL) was treatedwith sodium hydroxide (2M aq) (1.561 mL, 3.12 mmol). The reactionmixture was heated at 70° C. for 2.5 h. The mixture was cooled to roomtemperature, was diluted with methanol (4 mL) (to dissolve theprecipitate), was filtered through a syringe filter, and was purified byreverse phase preparative HPLC (method 2-1). The organic solvent wasevaporated on the rotovapor and the aqueous mixture was lyophilized toafford(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-((cis)-1-hydroxy-4-(methylsulfonyl)cyclohexyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid.TFA (438 mg, 0.495 mmol, 79% yield) as a white amorphous solid: ¹HNMR (500 MHz, Acetic Acid-d₄) δ 5.39 (br. s., 1H), 5.27-5.21 (m, 1H),4.83 (s, 1H), 4.73 (s, 1H), 4.65-4.56 (m, 1H), 4.55-4.47 (m, 1H),3.47-3.33 (m, 2H), 3.08-2.99 (m, 1H), 2.96 (s, 3H), 2.89-2.80 (m, 1H),2.61 (d, J=16.8 Hz, 1H), 2.31-1.11 (m, 37H), 1.75 (s, 3H), 1.18 (s, 3H),1.10 (s, 3H), 1.00 (s, 3H), 0.99 (s, 3H), 0.95 (s, 3H); LC/MS m/e 770.5[(M+H)⁺, calcd for C₄₆H₇₃FNO₅S 770.5], t_(R)=4.22 min (method 2-2); HPLC(method 2-1): t_(R)=18.75 min; HPLC (method 2-2): t_(R)=19.89 min.

Example 2-20 Preparation of(R)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-((cis)-1-hydroxy-4-(methylsulfonyl)cyclohexyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,111a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1. Preparation of (R)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-((cis)-1-hydroxy-4-(methylsulfonyl)cyclohexyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

To a suspension of (R)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(100 mg, 0.152 mmol) and2-((cis)-1-hydroxy-4-(methylsulfonyl)cyclohexyl)acetaldehyde (60.4 mg,0.274 mmol) in MeOH (1.2 mL) was added borane-2-picoline complex (29.4mg, 0.274 mmol) followed by acetic acid (0.24 mL) and the mixture wasstirred at room temperature for 16 h. The mixture was transferred to aseparatory funnel containing saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonatesolution (5 mL) and saturated aqueous sodium carbonate solution (1 mL).The aqueous layer was extracted with dichloromethane (4×5 mL). Thecombined organic layers were washed with brine (5 mL), dried over MgSO₄,filtered, and concentrated. The product was purified by columnchromatography on silica gel (20% ethyl acetate with 5% methanol/80%hexanes→90% ethyl acetate with 5% methanol/10% hexanes; 24 g column) toafford (R)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-((cis)-1-hydroxy-4-(methylsulfonyl)cyclohexyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(120 mg, 0.139 mmol, 92% yield) as a colorless foam: ¹H NMR (500 MHz,CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.41-7.30 (m, 5H), 5.33 (br. s., 1H), 5.23-5.15 (m, 2H),5.11 (d, J=5.7 Hz, 1H), 4.74 (s, 1H), 4.64-4.55 (m, 2H), 4.51-4.45 (m,1H), 2.85 (s, 3H), 2.83-2.69 (m, 4H), 2.64-2.49 (m, 2H), 2.21-0.90 (m,36H), 1.70 (s, 3H), 1.05 (s, 3H), 0.98 (s, 3H), 0.93 (s, 3H), 0.88 (s,3H), 0.85 (s, 3H); LC/MS m/e 860.6 [(M+H)⁺, calcd for C₅₃H₇₉FNO₄ 812.6],t_(R)=4.62 min (method 2-3).

Step 2. A solution of (R)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-((cis)-1-hydroxy-4-(methylsulfonyl)cyclohexyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(115 mg, 0.134 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (1.5 mL) and MeOH (0.5 mL) wastreated with sodium hydroxide (2M aq) (0.334 mL, 0.668 mmol). Thereaction mixture was heated at 70° C. for 4 h. The reaction wascomplete. The mixture was cooled to room temperature. The mixture wascooled to room temperature and was partially neutralized by the additionof 6 N HCl (70 μL). The mixture was then filtered through a syringefilter, and was purified by reverse phase preparative HPLC (method 2-5).The organic solvent was evaporated on the rotovapor and the aqueousmixture was lyophilized to afford(R)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-((cis)-1-hydroxy-4-(methylsulfonyl)cyclohexyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid.TFA (72.6 mg, 0.082 mmol, 61% yield) as a white amorphous solid: ¹HNMR (500 MHz, Acetic Acid-d₄) δ 5.39 (br. s., 1H), 5.24 (d, J=4.7 Hz,1H), 4.83 (s, 1H), 4.72 (s, 1H), 4.65-4.57 (m, 1H), 4.54-4.46 (m, 1H),3.47-3.34 (m, 2H), 3.09-2.99 (m, 1H), 2.96 (s, 3H), 2.90-2.81 (m, 1H),2.61 (d, J=16.8 Hz, 1H), 2.35-1.71 (m, 21H), 1.75 (s, 3H), 1.65-1.32 (m,14H), 1.17 (s, 3H), 1.13 (d, J=6.0 Hz, 2H), 1.09 (s, 3H), 1.02 (s, 3H),0.97 (s, 3H), 0.95 (s, 3H); LC/MS m/e 770.5 [(M+H)⁺, calcd forC₄₆H₇₃FNO₅S 770.5], t_(R)=4.33 min (method 2-2); HPLC (method 2-5):t_(R)=11.55 min; HPLC (method 2-6): t_(R)=11.20 min.

Example 2-21 Preparation of(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-((trans)-1-hydroxy-4-(methylsulfonyl)cyclohexyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1. Preparation of (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-((trans)-1-hydroxy-4-(methylsulfonyl)cyclohexyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

A mixture of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(150 mg, 0.229 mmol),2-((trans)-1-hydroxy-4-(methylsulfonyl)cyclohexyl)acetaldehyde (126 mg,0.572 mmol), and borane-2-picoline complex (61.1 mg, 0.572 mmol) inmethanol (2.5 mL) and acetic acid (0.5 mL) was stirred at roomtemperature for 16 h. The mixture was transferred to a separatory funnelcontaining saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (10 mL) andsaturated aqueous sodium carbonate solution (2 mL). The aqueous layerwas extracted with dichloromethane (4×20 mL). The combined organiclayers were washed with brine (10 mL), dried over MgSO₄, filtered, andconcentrated. The product was purified by column chromatography onsilica gel (10% 9:1 acetone:methanol/90% hexanes→50% 9:1acetone:methanol/50% hexanes; 24 g column, λ=220 nm) to afford(S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-((1r,4S)-1-hydroxy-4-(methylsulfonyl)cyclohexyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(143 mg, 0.166 mmol, 73% yield) as a colorless film: ¹H NMR (500 MHz,CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.40-7.32 (m, 5H), 5.33 (br. s., 1H), 5.23-5.16 (m, 2H),5.13 (dd, J=6.1, 1.7 Hz, 1H), 4.73 (d, J=1.7 Hz, 1H), 4.63-4.56 (m, 2H),4.52-4.46 (m, 1H), 2.99-2.91 (m, 1H), 2.89 (s, 3H), 2.83-2.76 (m, 1H),2.71-2.50 (m, 3H), 2.19-1.04 (m, 36H), 1.69 (s, 3H), 1.06 (s, 3H), 0.98(s, 3H), 0.92 (s, 3H), 0.90 (s, 3H), 0.86 (s, 3H); LC/MS m/e 860.6[(M+H)⁺, calcd for C₅₃H₇₉FNO₅S 860.6], t_(R)=4.61 min (method 2-3).

Step 2. A solution of(S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-((trans)-1-hydroxy-4-(methylsulfonyl)cyclohexyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(80 mg, 0.093 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (1 mL) and EtOH (0.5 mL) was treatedwith sodium hydroxide (2M aq) (0.232 mL, 0.465 mmol). The reactionmixture was heated at 70° C. for 2 h. The mixture was cooled to roomtemperature, was filtered through a syringe filter, and was purified byreverse phase preparative HPLC (method 2-1). The product (59 mg)contained a significant amount of an impurity (ca. 5-10%). The productwas then repurified by reverse phase preparative HPLC (method 2-6). Theorganic solvent was evaporated on the rotovapor and the aqueous mixturewas lyophilized to afford(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-((trans)-1-hydroxy-4-(methylsulfonyl)cyclohexyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid.TFA (27.2 mg, 33% yield) as a white amorphous solid: ¹H NMR (500MHz, Acetic Acid-d₄) δ 5.39 (br. s., 1H), 5.25 (d, J=4.6 Hz, 1H), 4.83(s, 1H), 4.72 (s, 1H), 4.66-4.57 (m, 1H), 4.54-4.47 (m, 1H), 3.42 (dd,J=8.2, 4.7 Hz, 1H), 3.36-3.28 (m, 1H), 3.18-3.10 (m, 1H), 2.98 (s, 3H),2.91-2.83 (m, 1H), 2.61 (d, J=16.6 Hz, 1H), 2.31-1.11 (m, 37H), 1.75 (s,3H), 1.14 (s, 3H), 1.09 (s, 3H), 1.00 (s, 3H), 0.99 (s, 3H), 0.94 (s,3H); LC/MS m/e 770.5 [(M+H)⁺, calcd for C₄₆H₇₃FNO₅S 770.5], t_(R)=4.20min (method 2-2); HPLC (method 2-1): t_(R)=18.74 min; HPLC (method 2-2):t_(R)=20.05 min.

Example 2-22 Preparation of(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1-hydroxy-4-((methylsulfonyl)oxy)cyclohexyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1. Preparation of 4-oxocyclohexyl methanesulfonate

Methanesulfonyl chloride (0.746 mL, 9.64 mmol) and triethylamine (1.343mL, 9.64 mmol) were added to a solution of 4-hydroxycyclohexanone (1 g,8.76 mmol) in dichloromethane (10 mL). The reaction mixture was stirredat rt for 16 h. The mixture was concentrated and the product waspurified by column chromatography on silica gel (0% hexanes→60% 9:1acetone:methanol/40% hexanes, 80 g column, λ=220 nm) to afford4-oxocyclohexyl methanesulfonate (1.65 g, 8.58 mmol, 98% yield) as acolorless oil: ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 5.14 (tt, J=5.5, 2.8 Hz,1H), 3.11 (s, 3H), 2.75-2.59 (m, 2H), 2.49-2.28 (m, 4H), 2.24-2.06 (m,2H).

Step 2. Preparation of 4-allyl-4-hydroxycyclohexyl methanesulfonate

To a solution of allylmagnesium bromide (9.83 mL, 9.83 mmol) in THF (75mL) at −78° C. was added 4-oxocyclohexyl methanesulfonate (1.8 g, 9.36mmol). The mixture was stirred at −78° C. for 2 h. The reaction wasquenched by the addition of saturated NH₄Cl solution (60 mL). Themixture was transferred to a separatory funnel and the layers wereseparated. The aqueous layer was extracted with ether (5×50 mL). Thecombined organic layers were washed with brine (50 mL), dried overMgSO₄, filtered, and concentrated to afford 4-allyl-4-hydroxycyclohexylmethanesulfonate (1.15 g, 4.91 mmol, 52% yield) as a colorless oil. Theproduct was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (10%hexanes:ethyl acetate:MeOH (4:4:1)/90% hexanes→50% hexanes:ethylacetate:MeOH (4:4:1)/50% hexanes; 120 g column) to afford4-allyl-4-hydroxycyclohexyl methanesulfonate (1.15 g, 4.91 mmol, 52%yield): ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 5.83 (ddt, J=17.2, 9.9, 7.5 Hz,1H), 5.20-5.04 (m, 2H), 4.68-4.53 (m, 1H), 2.99 (s, 3H), 2.18 (d, J=7.3Hz, 2H), 1.99-1.87 (m, 4H), 1.71 (s, 2H), 1.53-1.37 (m, 2H).

Step 3. Preparation of 4-hydroxy-4-(2-oxoethyl)cyclohexylmethanesulfonate

To a solution of 4-allyl-4-hydroxycyclohexyl methanesulfonate (182 mg,0.777 mmol) in dioxane (12 mL) and water (3.00 mL) at 0° C. was added2,6-lutidine (0.181 mL, 1.553 mmol), osmium tetroxide (2.5% in t-BuOH)(0.195 mL, 0.016 mmol), and sodium periodate (665 mg, 3.11 mmol). Thereaction mixture was allowed to warm up to room temperature as theice-water bath melted while stirring for 14 h. The reaction mixture wastransferred to a separatory funnel containing water (50 mL) andsaturated aqueous NaHCO₃ solution (50 mL). The aqueous layer wasextracted with ethyl acetate (3×50 mL). The combined organic layers werewashed with brine (50 mL), dried over MgSO₄, filtered, and concentrated.The product was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (0%→8%methanol in CH₂Cl₂; 40 g column) to afford4-hydroxy-4-(2-oxoethyl)cyclohexyl methanesulfonate (91 mg, 0.385 mmol,50% yield) as a colorless oil: ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 9.86 (t,J=1.3 Hz, 1H), 4.66 (tt, J=10.5, 4.2 Hz, 1H), 3.03 (s, 3H), 2.65 (d,J=1.3 Hz, 2H), 2.12-2.00 (m, 2H), 2.00-1.89 (m, 4H), 1.54-1.43 (m, 2H).

Step 4. Preparation of (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1-hydroxy-4-((methylsulfonyl)oxy)cyclohexyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

A mixture of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(60 mg, 0.091 mmol), 4-hydroxy-4-(2-oxoethyl)cyclohexyl methanesulfonate(32.4 mg, 0.137 mmol), and borane-2-picoline complex (14.68 mg, 0.137mmol) in MeOH (1 mL) and acetic acid (0.200 mL) was stirred at roomtemperature for 16 h. The mixture was transferred to a separatory funnelcontaining saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (5 mL). Theaqueous layer was extracted with dichloromethane (3×10 mL). The combinedorganic layers were washed with brine (5 mL), dried over MgSO₄,filtered, and concentrated to afford (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1-hydroxy-4-((methylsulfonyl)oxy)cyclohexyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(15 mg, 17% yield). The crude product was used in the next step withoutfurther purification. LC/MS m/e 876.6 [(M+H)⁺, calcd for C₅₃H₇₈FNO₆S876.6], t_(R)=2.66 min (method 2-1).

Step 5. Sodium hydroxide (0.038 mL, 0.150 mmol) was added to a solutionof (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1-hydroxy-4-((methylsulfonyl)oxy)cyclohexyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(13.14 mg, 0.015 mmol) in dioxane (0.5 mL) and ethanol (0.125 mL). Thereaction mixture was stirred at 70° C. for 16 h. The crude material wasfiltered through a syringe filter, and was purified by reverse phasepreparative HPLC (method 2-2, gradient 50-100% B over 10 minutes, then a15-minute hold at 100% B) to afford the purified product,(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(1-hydroxy-4-((methylsulfonyl)oxy)cyclohexyl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid (3.2 mg, 3.87 μmol, 26% yield): ¹H NMR (500 MHz, Acetic Acid-d₄) δ5.39 (br. s., 1H), 5.25 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 4.84 (s, 1H), 4.76-4.67 (m,2H), 4.65-4.57 (m, 1H), 4.56-4.47 (m, 1H), 3.79 (s, 1H), 3.40 (d, J=12.0Hz, 1H), 3.35-3.25 (m, 1H), 3.15 (q, J=7.1 Hz, 1H), 3.10 (s, 3H), 2.90(br. s., 1H), 2.62 (d, J=17.2 Hz, 1H), 2.35-0.91 (m, 35H), 1.75 (s, 3H),1.20 (s, 3H), 1.10 (s, 3H), 1.01 (s, 3H), 0.99 (s, 3H), 0.97 (s, 3H);LC/MS m/e 786.8 [(M+H)⁺, calcd for C₄₆H₇₂FNO₆S 786.5], t_(R)=2.46 min(method 2.1); HPLC (method 2-3): t_(R)=2.54 min; HPLC (method 2-4):t_(R)=2.29 min.

Example 2-23 Preparation of(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(4-hydroxy-4-methylpiperidin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1. Preparation of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-chloroethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

A mixture of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(100 mg, 0.152 mmol), 2-chloroacetaldehyde (0.028 mL, 0.229 mmol), andborane-2-picoline complex (24.46 mg, 0.229 mmol) in MeOH (1 mL) andacetic acid (0.2 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 18 h. Themixture was transferred to a separatory funnel containing saturatedaqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (10 mL). The aqueous layer wasextracted with dichloromethane (4×15 mL). The combined organic layerswere washed with brine (10 mL), dried over MgSO₄, filtered, andconcentrated. The product was purified by column chromatography onsilica gel (10% 9:1 acetone:methanol/90% hexanes→50% 9:1acetone:methanol/50% hexanes; 40 g column, λ=220 nm) to afford(S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-chloroethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(57 mg, 0.079 mmol, 52% yield) as a white foam: ¹H NMR (500 MHz,CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.40-7.31 (m, 5H), 5.33 (br. s., 1H), 5.23-5.16 (m, 2H),5.14 (dd, J=6.1, 1.7 Hz, 1H), 4.73 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 4.63-4.56 (m, 2H),4.53-4.46 (m, 1H), 3.72-3.65 (m, 2H), 2.85-2.72 (m, 2H), 2.67-2.57 (m,2H), 2.17-1.02 (m, 27H), 1.71 (s, 3H), 1.08 (s, 3H), 0.97 (s, 3H), 0.92(s, 3H), 0.90 (s, 3H), 0.86 (s, 3H); LC/MS m/e 718.6 [(M+H)⁺, calcd forC₄₆H₆₆ClFNO₂ 718.5], t_(R)=4.82 min (method 2-3).

Step 2. A mixture of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-chloroethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(15 mg, 0.021 mmol), 4-methylpiperidin-4-ol (7.21 mg, 0.063 mmol),Hunig's base (0.018 mL, 0.104 mmol), and potassium iodide (4.16 mg,0.025 mmol) in DMSO (0.4 mL) was heated at 80° C. for 14 hours. Thereaction mixture was then cooled to rt and NaOH (0.052 mL, 0.104 mmol)was added. The reaction mixture was heated at 70° C. for 2 h. Thereaction mixture was filtered and purified by reverse phase preparativeHPLC (method 2-1) to afford(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(4-hydroxy-4-methylpiperidin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid.2 TFA (9.5 mg, 48% yield) as a white amorphous solid: ¹H NMR (500MHz, Acetic Acid-d₄) δ 5.39 (br. s., 1H), 5.24 (d, J=4.6 Hz, 1H), 4.85(s, 1H), 4.74 (s, 1H), 4.65-4.56 (m, 1H), 4.55-4.47 (m, 1H), 3.85-3.70(m, 4H), 3.56 (br. s., 2H), 3.43 (br. s., 2H), 2.85-2.76 (m, 1H), 2.61(d, J=16.9 Hz, 1H), 2.31-1.11 (m, 32H), 1.75 (s, 3H), 1.35 (s, 3H), 1.15(s, 3H), 1.10 (s, 3H), 1.01 (s, 3H), 0.99 (s, 3H), 0.95 (s, 3H); LC/MS(ESI) m/e 707.6 [(M+H)⁺, calcd for C₄₅H₇₂FN₂O₃ 707.6], t_(R)=4.31 min(method 2-2); HPLC (method 2-1): t_(R)=18.63 min; HPLC (method 2-2):t_(R)=19.58 min.

Example 2-24 Preparation of(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(2-oxooxazolidin-3-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1. Preparation of 3-(2-bromoethyl)oxazolidin-2-one

To a solution of 3-(2-hydroxyethyl)oxazolidin-2-one (1.0 g, 7.63 mmol)in CH₂Cl₂ (30 mL) was added carbon tetrabromide (3.03 g, 9.15 mmol).After cooling the solution to 0° C., triphenylphosphine (2.80 g, 10.68mmol) was added in portions. The resulting solution was stirred at roomtemperature for 18 h. The mixture was concentrated. The residue wassuspended in ether (75 mL), and was stirred for 30 min. The solid wasremoved by filtration and the filtrate was concentrated. The product waspurified by column chromatography on silica gel (1%→4% methanol indichloromethane; 220 g column). The first compound isolated from thechromatography was primarily the product (1.01 g) as a colorless oil,which solidified upon standing (due to the presence oftriphenylphosphine oxide). The product was repurified by columnchromatography on silica gel (0.5%→3% methanol in CH₂Cl₂; 120 g column)to afford 3-(2-bromoethyl)oxazolidin-2-one (785 mg, 4.05 mmol, 53%yield) as a colorless oil. ¹H NMR indicated that the product wascontaminated with triphenylphosphine oxide. The triphenylphosphine oxidewas present as a 7:1 molar ratio of product to triphenylphosphine oxide.The product was used in the next step without further purification. ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 4.46-4.35 (m, 2H), 3.82-3.67 (m, 4H),3.58-3.52 (m, 2H).

Step 2. Preparation of (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(2-oxooxazolidin-3-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

To a mixture of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(70 mg, 0.107 mmol), 3-(2-bromoethyl)oxazolidin-2-one (72.5 mg, 0.373mmol), potassium phosphate tribasic (91 mg, 0.427 mmol), and potassiumiodide (62.0 mg, 0.373 mmol) in an oven-dried pressure vessel was addedacetonitrile (1.0 mL). The cap was sealed and the reaction mixture washeated at 120° C. for 14 h. The mixture was transferred to a separatoryfunnel containing water (10 mL). The aqueous layer was extracted withdichloromethane (3×15 mL). The combined organic layers were washed withbrine (10 mL), dried over MgSO₄, filtered, and concentrated. The productwas purified by column chromatography on silica gel (10% 9:1acetone:methanol/90% hexanes→30% 9:1 acetone:methanol/70% hexanes; 24 gcolumn, λ=220 nm) to afford (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(2-oxooxazolidin-3-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(54.5 mg, 0.071 mmol, 66% yield) as a colorless foam: ¹H NMR (500 MHz,CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.41-7.32 (m, 5H), 5.33 (br. s., 1H), 5.23-5.16 (m, 2H),5.13 (dd, J=6.1, 1.7 Hz, 1H), 4.72 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 4.63-4.55 (m, 2H),4.53-4.44 (m, 1H), 4.38-4.32 (m, 2H), 3.77-3.62 (m, 2H), 3.49-3.41 (m,1H), 3.33 (dt, J=14.1, 5.5 Hz, 1H), 2.70 (ddd, J=12.0, 7.3, 5.0 Hz, 1H),2.65-2.52 (m, 3H), 2.19-1.10 (m, 27H), 1.70 (s, 3H), 1.06 (s, 3H), 0.96(s, 3H), 0.91 (s, 3H), 0.90 (s, 3H), 0.86 (s, 3H); LC/MS m/e 769.6[(M+H)⁺, calcd for C₄₉H₇₀FN₂O₄ 769.5], t_(R)=4.65 min (method 2-2).

Step 3. A solution of (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(2-oxooxazolidin-3-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(53 mg, 0.069 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (0.7 mL) and EtOH (0.35 mL) wastreated with sodium hydroxide (2M aq) (0.172 mL, 0.345 mmol). Thereaction mixture was heated at 70° C. for 2 h. The mixture was cooled toroom temperature, was filtered through a syringe filter, and waspurified by reverse phase preparative HPLC (method 2-1) to afford(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(2-oxooxazolidin-3-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid.TFA (31.4 mg, 62% yield) as a white amorphous solid: ¹H NMR (500MHz, Acetic Acid-d₄) δ 5.39 (br. s., 1H), 5.24 (d, J=4.7 Hz, 1H), 4.86(s, 1H), 4.74 (s, 1H), 4.64-4.57 (m, 1H), 4.55-4.43 (m, 3H), 3.84 (q,J=8.2 Hz, 1H), 3.80-3.72 (m, 3H), 3.65-3.58 (m, 1H), 3.57-3.51 (m, 1H),2.85-2.77 (m, 1H), 2.61 (d, J=16.6 Hz, 1H), 2.32-1.11 (m, 27H), 1.76 (s,3H), 1.17 (s, 3H), 1.10 (s, 3H), 1.01 (s, 3H), 0.99 (s, 3H), 0.95 (s,3H); LC/MS m/e 679.5 [(M+H)⁺, calcd for C₄₂H₆₄FN₂O₄ 679.5], t_(R)=4.18min (method 2-2); HPLC (method 2-1): t_(R)=18.68 min; HPLC (method 2-2):t_(R)=19.92 min.

Example 2-25 Preparation of(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(2-oxoimidazolidin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1. Preparation of 2-(2-oxoimidazolidin-1-yl)ethyl4-methylbenzenesulfonate

To a solution of 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)imidazolidin-2-one (500 mg, 3.84mmol) in pyridine (5 mL) at 0° C. was added p-toluenesulfonyl chloride(806 mg, 4.23 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred for 16 h whileallowing the reaction mixture to slowly warm up to room temperature bydissipation of the ice-water bath. The mixture was transferred to aseparatory funnel containing ethyl acetate (50 mL). The aqueous layerwas washed with 1N HCl (2×25 mL). The combined organic layers werewashed with saturated NaHCO₃ (25 mL), brine (25 mL), dried over MgSO₄,filtered, and concentrated. The product was purified by columnchromatography on silica gel (3%→7% methanol in dichloromethane; 120 gcolumn) to afford 2-(2-oxoimidazolidin-1-yl)ethyl4-methylbenzenesulfonate (356 mg, 1.252 mmol, 33% yield) as a yellowsolid: ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.86-7.77 (m, 2H), 7.38 (d,J=8.0 Hz, 2H), 4.51 (br. s., 1H), 4.17 (t, J=5.0 Hz, 2H), 3.59-3.52 (m,2H), 3.47 (t, J=5.0 Hz, 2H), 3.43-3.35 (m, 2H), 2.48 (s, 3H); LC/MS m/e285.1 [(M+H)⁺, calcd for C₁₂H₁₇N₂O₄S 285.1], t_(R)=1.58 min (method2-1).

Step 2. Preparation of (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(2-oxoimidazolidin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

(S)-Benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(40 mg, 0.061 mmol), 2-(2-oxoimidazolidin-1-yl)ethyl4-methylbenzenesulfonate (69.4 mg, 0.244 mmol), potassium phosphatetribasic (64.7 mg, 0.305 mmol), and potassium iodide (50.6 mg, 0.305mmol) were combined in a vial. Acetonitrile (1 mL) was added, the vialwas sealed, and the reaction mixture was heated at 120° C. for 16 h. Themixture was transferred to a separatory funnel containing water (10 mL).The aqueous layer was extracted with dichloromethane (3×10 mL). Thecombined organic layers were washed with brine (10 mL), dried overMgSO₄, filtered, and concentrated. The product was purified by columnchromatography on silica gel (10% 9:1 acetone:methanol/90% hexanes→40%9:1 acetone:methanol/60% hexanes; 40 g column, λ=220 nm) to afford(S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,1aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(2-oxoimidazolidin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(31 mg, 0.040 mmol, 66% yield) as a colorless foam: ¹H NMR (500 MHz,CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.38-7.33 (m, 5H), 5.33 (br. s., 1H), 5.19 (d, J=2.4 Hz,2H), 5.13 (dd, J=6.1, 1.7 Hz, 1H), 4.72 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 4.63-4.55 (m,2H), 4.53-4.45 (m, 1H), 4.32 (s, 1H), 3.61-3.47 (m, 3H), 3.46-3.35 (m,4H), 3.24 (dt, J=13.8, 5.3 Hz, 1H), 2.70-2.52 (m, 4H), 2.20-0.85 (m,26H), 1.70 (s, 3H), 1.05 (s, 3H), 0.96 (s, 3H), 0.91 (s, 3H), 0.90 (s,3H), 0.85 (s, 3H); LC/MS m/e 768.6 [(M+H)⁺, calcd for C₄₉H₇₁FN₃O₃768.5], t_(R)=4.61 min (method 2-2).

Step 3. A solution of (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(2-oxoimidazolidin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(31 mg, 0.040 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (0.5 mL) and EtOH (0.25 mL) wastreated with sodium hydroxide (0.101 mL, 0.202 mmol). The reactionmixture was heated at 70° C. for 2 h. The mixture was cooled to roomtemperature, was filtered through a syringe filter, and was purified byreverse phase preparative HPLC (method 2-1) to afford(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(2-oxoimidazolidin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid.TFA (19.0 mg, 58% yield) as a white amorphous solid.

¹H NMR (500 MHz, Acetic Acid-d₄) δ 5.39 (br. s., 1H), 5.24 (d, J=4.6 Hz,1H), 4.89 (s, 1H), 4.75 (s, 1H), 4.65-4.56 (m, 1H), 4.55-4.46 (m, 1H),3.73-3.66 (m, 1H), 3.65-3.51 (m, 6H), 3.47-3.43 (m, 2H), 2.84-2.75 (m,1H), 2.61 (d, J=17.5 Hz, 1H), 2.32-1.08 (m, 26H), 1.76 (s, 3H), 1.15 (s,3H), 1.10 (s, 3H), 1.00 (s, 3H), 0.99 (s, 3H), 0.94 (s, 3H); LC/MS m/e678.5 [(M+H)⁺, calcd for C₄₂H₆₅FN₃O₃ 678.5], t_(R)=4.30 min (method2-2); HPLC (method 2-1): t_(R)=18.88 min; HPLC (method 2-2): t_(R)=20.30min.

Example 2-26 Preparation of(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(3-methyl-2-oxoimidazolidin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1. Preparation of 2-(3-methyl-2-oxoimidazolidin-1-yl)ethyl4-methylbenzenesulfonate

To a solution of 2-(2-oxoimidazolidin-1-yl)ethyl4-methylbenzenesulfonate (135 mg, 0.475 mmol) in THF (4 mL) at 0° C. wasadded sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (0.522 mL, 0.522 mmol). Afterstirring for 5 min, iodomethane (0.119 mL, 1.899 mmol) was added viasyringe. The cooling bath was removed and the mixture was allowed towarm up to room temperature and was stirred for 2 h. The mixture wastransferred to a separatory funnel containing saturated aqueous NaHCO₃solution (10 mL). The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate(4×10 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (10 mL),dried over MgSO₄, filtered, and concentrated. The product was purifiedby column chromatography on silica gel (1%→5% methanol in CH₂Cl₂; 40 gcolumn) to afford 2-(3-methyl-2-oxoimidazolidin-1-yl)ethyl4-methylbenzenesulfonate (91.3 mg, 0.306 mmol, 65% yield) as apale-green oil: ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.83-7.77 (m, 2H), 7.37(d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H), 4.15 (t, J=5.1 Hz, 2H), 3.45 (t, J=5.0 Hz, 2H),3.43-3.37 (m, 2H), 3.29-3.23 (m, 2H), 2.77 (s, 3H), 2.47 (s, 3H); LC/MS(ESI) m/e 299.2 [(M+H)⁺, calcd for C₁₃H₁₉N₂O₄S 299.1], t_(R)=1.61 min(method 2-1).

Step 2. Preparation of 1-(2-bromoethyl)-3-methylimidazolidin-2-one

To a solution of 2-(3-methyl-2-oxoimidazolidin-1-yl)ethyl4-methylbenzenesulfonate (158 mg, 0.530 mmol) in THF (5 mL) at roomtemperature was added lithium bromide (138 mg, 1.589 mmol). The reactionmixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixturewas then heated at 60° C. for 3 h. The mixture was transferred to aseparatory funnel containing saturated aqueous NaHCO₃ solution (5 mL)and water (5 mL). The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate(4×10 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (10 mL),dried over MgSO₄, filtered, and concentrated. The product was purifiedby column chromatography on silica gel (2%→5% methanol in CH₂Cl₂; 40 gcolumn) to afford 1-(2-bromoethyl)-3-methylimidazolidin-2-one (92.3 mg,0.446 mmol, 84% yield) as a yellow oil: ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ3.65-3.60 (m, 2H), 3.52-3.44 (m, 4H), 3.38-3.32 (m, 2H), 2.82 (s, 3H);LC/MS (ESI) m/e 207.2 [(M+H)⁺, calcd for C₆H₁₂BrN₂O 207.0], t_(R)=1.70min (method 2-1).

Step 3. Preparation of (S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(3-methyl-2-oxoimidazolidin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

To a mixture of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(60 mg, 0.091 mmol), 1-(2-bromoethyl)-3-methylimidazolidin-2-one (56.8mg, 0.274 mmol), potassium phosphate tribasic (78 mg, 0.366 mmol), andpotassium iodide (45.6 mg, 0.274 mmol) in an oven-dried pressure vesselwas added acetonitrile (1.0 mL). The cap was sealed and the reactionmixture was heated at 120° C. for 14 h. The mixture was transferred to aseparatory funnel containing water (5 mL). The aqueous layer wasextracted with dichloromethane (3×10 mL). The combined organic layerswere washed with brine (5 mL), dried over MgSO₄, filtered, andconcentrated. The product was purified by column chromatography onsilica gel (10% 9:1 acetone:methanol/90% hexanes→50% 9:1acetone:methanol/50% hexanes; 24 g column, λ=220 nm) to afford(S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(3-methyl-2-oxoimidazolidin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(47.7 mg, 0.061 mmol, 66% yield) as a white foam: ¹H NMR (500 MHz,CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.40-7.33 (m, 5H), 5.33 (br. s., 1H), 5.23-5.16 (m, 2H),5.14 (dd, J=6.2, 1.6 Hz, 1H), 4.72 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 4.63-4.56 (m, 2H),4.53-4.47 (m, 1H), 3.45-3.20 (m, 6H), 2.82 (s, 3H), 2.68-2.51 (m, 4H),2.19-0.87 (m 27H), 1.70 (s, 3H), 1.03 (s, 3H), 0.96 (s, 3H), 0.91 (s,3H), 0.90 (s, 3H), 0.85 (s, 3H); LC/MS m/e 782.6 [(M+H)⁺, calcd forC₅₀H₇₃FN₃O₃ 782.6], t_(R)=4.56 min (method 2-3).

Step 4. A solution of(S)-benzyl1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(3-methyl-2-oxoimidazolidin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(46 mg, 0.059 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (0.7 mL) and EtOH (0.35 mL) wastreated with sodium hydroxide (2M aq) (0.147 mL, 0.294 mmol). Thereaction mixture was heated at 70° C. for 2 h. The mixture was cooled toroom temperature, was filtered through a syringe filter, and waspurified by reverse phase preparative HPLC (method 2-1) to afford(S)-1-(fluoromethyl)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-3a-((2-(3-methyl-2-oxoimidazolidin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid.TFA (35.6 mg, 74% yield) as a white amorphous solid:

¹H NMR (500 MHz, Acetic Acid-d₄) δ 5.39 (br. s., 1H), 5.25 (d, J=4.7 Hz,1H), 4.88 (s, 1H), 4.75 (s, 1H), 4.64-4.57 (m, 1H), 4.55-4.47 (m, 1H),3.63-3.40 (m, 8H), 2.84 (s, 3H), 2.85-2.81 (m, 1H), 2.61 (d, J=16.5 Hz,1H), 2.31-1.12 (m, 27H), 1.76 (s, 3H), 1.15 (s, 3H), 1.10 (s, 3H), 1.01(s, 3H), 0.99 (s, 3H), 0.95 (s, 3H); LC/MS m/e 692.6 [(M+H)⁺, calcd forC₄₃H₆₇FN₃O₃ 692.5], t_(R)=4.19 min (method 2-2); HPLC (method 2-1):t_(R)=18.80 min; HPLC (method 2-2): t_(R)=20.44 min.

Example 2-27 Preparation of(S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(4-acetyl-3,3-dimethyl-2-oxopiperazin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicAcid

Step 1. Preparation of 4-acetyl-3,3-dimethylpiperazin-2-one

To a solution of 3,3-dimethylpiperazin-2-one (50 mg, 0.390 mmol) inCH₂Cl₂ (1.2 mL) at 0° C. was added N,N-diisopropylethylamine (0.204 mL,1.170 mmol) followed by the slow addition of acetyl chloride (0.031 mL,0.429 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 4 h. Themixture was then concentrated. The product was purified by columnchromatography on silica gel (25% 4:1 CH₂Cl₂:MeOH with 0.2% NH₄OH/75%CH₂Cl₂-100% 4:1 CH₂Cl₂:MeOH with 0.2% NH₄OH; 40 g column, λ=220 nm) toafford 4-acetyl-3,3-dimethylpiperazin-2-one (59.6 mg, 0.350 mmol, 90%yield) as a colorless solid: ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 3.64-3.57(m, 2H), 3.46-3.39 (m, 2H), 2.16 (s, 3H), 1.77 (s, 6H); LC/MS (ESI) m/e171.3 [(M+H)⁺, calcd for C₈H₁₅N₂O₂ 171.2], t_(R)=0.43 min (method 2-1).

Step 2. Preparation of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-chloroethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate

A mixture of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-amino-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(100 mg, 0.152 mmol), 2-chloroacetaldehyde (0.028 mL, 0.229 mmol), andborane-2-picoline complex (24.46 mg, 0.229 mmol) in MeOH (1 mL) andacetic acid (0.2 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 18 h. Themixture was transferred to a separatory funnel containing saturatedaqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (10 mL). The aqueous layer wasextracted with dichloromethane (4×15 mL). The combined organic layerswere washed with brine (10 mL), dried over MgSO₄, filtered, andconcentrated. The product was purified by column chromatography onsilica gel (10% 9:1 acetone:methanol/90% hexanes→50% 9:1acetone:methanol/50% hexanes; 40 g column, λ=220 nm) to afford(S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-chloroethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(57 mg, 0.079 mmol, 52% yield) as a colorless foam: ¹H NMR (500 MHz,CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.40-7.31 (m, 5H), 5.33 (br. s., 1H), 5.23-5.16 (m, 2H),5.14 (dd, J=6.1, 1.7 Hz, 1H), 4.73 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 4.63-4.56 (m, 2H),4.53-4.46 (m, 1H), 3.72-3.65 (m, 2H), 2.85-2.72 (m, 2H), 2.67-2.57 (m,2H), 2.17-1.02 (m, 27H), 1.71 (s, 3H), 1.08 (s, 3H), 0.97 (s, 3H), 0.92(s, 3H), 0.90 (s, 3H), 0.86 (s, 3H); LC/MS m/e 718.6 [(M+H)⁺, calcd forC₄₆H₆₆ClFNO₂ 718.5], t_(R)=4.82 min (method 2-3).

Step 3. To a mixture of (S)-benzyl4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-chloroethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylate(22 mg, 0.031 mmol), 4-acetyl-3,3-dimethylpiperazin-2-one (15.64 mg,0.092 mmol), and tetrabutylammonium bromide (9.87 mg, 0.031 mmol) in THF(0.6 mL) at 0° C. under nitrogen was added sodiumbis(trimethylsilyl)amide (0.092 mL, 0.092 mmol). The mixture was stirredat 0° C. for 5 min. The cooling bath was removed and the reactionmixture was then heated at 75° C. for 14 hours. The mixture wasconcentrated and the residue was dissolved in dioxane/methanol/water andwas neutralized by the addition of 2 N HCl (0.10 mL). The solution wasfiltered and purified by reverse phase preparative HPLC (method 2-1) toafford(S)-4-((1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aS,11bR,13aR,13bR)-3a-((2-(4-acetyl-3,3-dimethyl-2-oxopiperazin-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-pentamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-2,3,3a,4,5,5a,5b,6,7,7a,8,11,11a,11b,12,13,13a,13b-octadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yl)-1-(fluoromethyl)cyclohex-3-enecarboxylicacid.TFA (9.6 mg, 34% yield) as a white amorphous solid: ¹H NMR (500MHz, Acetic Acid-d₄) δ 5.39 (br. s., 1H), 5.25 (d, J=4.7 Hz, 1H), 4.88(s, 1H), 4.76 (s, 1H), 4.65-4.57 (m, 1H), 4.55-4.47 (m, 1H), 3.96-3.76(m, 3H), 3.73-3.64 (m, 3H), 3.53 (t, J=4.1 Hz, 2H), 2.82 (t, J=11.1 Hz,1H), 2.61 (d, J=16.6 Hz, 1H), 2.31-1.12 (s, 27H), 2.22 (s, 3H), 1.79 (s,3H), 1.77 (s, 6H), 1.22 (s, 3H), 1.10 (s, 3H), 1.01 (s, 3H), 0.99 (s,3H), 0.96 (s, 3H); LC/MS (ESI) m/e 762.6 [(M+H)⁺, calcd for C₄₇H₇₃FN₃O₄762.6], t_(R)=4.29 min (method 2-2); HPLC (method 2-1): t_(R)=19.04 min;HPLC (method 2-2): t_(R)=20.23 min.

HIV Cell Culture Assay—

MT-2 cells and 293T cells were obtained from the NIH AIDS Research andReference Reagent Program. MT-2 cells were propagated in RPMI 1640 mediasupplemented with 10% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum, 100 μg/mLpenicillin G and up to 100 units/mL streptomycin. The 293T cells werepropagated in DMEM media supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated fetalbovine serum (FBS), 100 units/mL penicillin G and 100 μg/mLstreptomycin. The proviral DNA clone of NL₄₋₃ was obtained from the NIHAIDS Research and Reference Reagent Program. A recombinant NL₄₋₃ virus,in which a section of the nef gene from NL₄₋₃ was replaced with theRenilla luciferase gene, was used as a reference virus. In addition,residue Gag P373 was converted to P373S. Briefly, the recombinant viruswas prepared by transfection of the altered proviral clone of NL₄₋₃.Transfections were performed in 293T cells using LipofectAMINE PLUS fromInvitrogen (Carlsbad, Calif.), according to manufacturer's instruction.The virus was titered in MT-2 cells using luciferase enzyme activity asa marker. Luciferase was quantitated using the Dual Luciferase kit fromPromega (Madison, Wis.), with modifications to the manufacturer'sprotocol. The diluted Passive Lysis solution was pre-mixed with there-suspended Luciferase Assay Reagent and the re-suspended Stop & GloSubstrate (2:1:1 ratio). Fifty (50) μL of the mixture was added to eachaspirated well on assay plates and luciferase activity was measuredimmediately on a Wallac TriLux (Perkin-Elmer). Antiviral activities ofinhibitors toward the recombinant virus were quantified by measuringluciferase activity in cells infected for 4-5 days with NLRlucrecombinants in the presence serial dilutions of the inhibitor. The EC₅₀data for the compounds is shown in Table 1 below.

Determination of EC₅₀ for WT, EC₅₀ for A364V, and EC₅₀ for 92UG029viruses:

WT refers to wild-type HIV virus.

HIV-1 NL₄₋₃ expressing Renilla luciferase gene was converted to the gagA364V virus by site directed mutagenesis. A364V is a site directedmutant.

HIV-1 92UG029 was obtained from the NIH (Catalog Number: 1650). This isa subtype A Gag and subtype A Env, X4 (SI) virus from Uganda. Reference:WHO Network for HIV Isolation and Characterization. AIDS Res HumRetroviruses 10:1359, 1994. The Gag/Pr region from 92UG029 was used toreplace that in an HIV-1 NL₄₋₃ virus expressing Renilla luciferase gene.

Both recombinant viruses were used as described above in the HIV cellculture assay for the NL₄₋₃ virus. The EC₅₀WT, EC₅₀ A364V and EC₅₀92UG029 data for the compounds is shown in Table 1 and Table 2.

Table 2 data was generated with a 3× higher viral input that the datagenerated for the regular screen data reported in Table 1.

Biological Data Key for EC₅₀s

Compounds with Compounds with EC₅₀ >0.05 μM EC₅₀ <0.05 μM Group “B”Group “A”

TABLE 1 92UG029 A Clade WT A364V T332S/V3 Example (EC50, (EC50, 62I/V370A # Structure uM) uM) (EC50, uM)  1

0.00175 0.123 0.00293  1a

0.00225 0.109 0.00532  1b

0.00193 0.176 0.00348  2

0.00129 0.0847 0.00461  2a

0.00198 0.160 0.00706  2b

0.00148 0.201 0.00618  3

0.00453 0.679  4

0.00141 0.0392  5

0.00160 0.0299  6

0.00195 0.0764  7

A B  8

B B  9

A B 10

A A 11

A A 12

A B 13

0.0188 0.196 14

A A 15

A A 16

0.430 3.00 17

0.0194 3.00 18

0.0243 3.00 19

A B 20

0.00253 0.129 21

A B 22

0.00134 0.0513 23

A B 24

A B 25

A B 26

A B 27

A B 28

B B 29

A B 30

0.00298 0.551 31

A B 32

A B 33

A B 34

A A 35

0.00157 0.157 36

A B 37

A B 38

A A 39

0.0473 2.03 40

0.0687 3.00 41

B B 42

B B 43

0.00335 0.585 2-1

A B 2-2

A B 2-3

A B 2-4

A B 2-5

A B 2-6

0.0110 3.00 2-7

0.116 3.00 2-8

0.00233 1.91 2-9

A B 2-10

A B 2-11

A B 0.0153 2-12

0.00201 0.348 2-13

A B 2-14

0.00256 0.0431 2-15

0.00173 0.151 2-16

0.00210 0.0571 2-17

A A 0.00937 2-18

0.00165 0.854 2-19

0.00135 0.0222 2-20

A B A 2-21

A B 2-22

0.00315 0.107 2-23

0.00121 0.0597 2-24

0.00530 0.932 2-25

A B 2-26

A B 2-27

0.00577 0.0201

Comparative Data—

For this aspect, Comparative Compounds A and B (which have been setforth and described in US 20130210787-WO 2013/123019), as well asCompound 2 as part of the invention herein, were prepared as a mixtureof 1-(R) and 1-(S)-diastereomers and evaluated for potency vs. WT, A364Vresistant virus, and clade A virus 92UG029. Compound A displayed goodpotency vs. WT, but was about 7 fold and >100 fold less potent thanCompound 2 vs A364V and 92UC029, respectively. Compound B had comparablepotency vs WT when compared with Compound 2. However, compound B was 6fold less potent than Compound 2 vs the other two viruses (A364V and92UC029). Selected compounds were also evaluated for theirpharmacokinetic properties in the rat (where shown). The results are setforth in Table 2 below. Compound 2 had a better combined profile (EC₅₀WT+EC₅₀ A364V+EC₅₀92UC029) as compared to Compounds A and B. Therefore,the single diastereomers Compound 2a and 2b were separated and/orsynthesized separately for further evaluation. The single diastereomers(Compounds 2a and 2b) potency/PK were also comparable to what wasobserved with the mixture of diasteroisomers (compound 2). Therefore 2aand 2b were also viable compounds. Since the development of viralresistance against any antiretroviral drug can be a significant issue inthe treatment for HIV-1 infection, those compounds with the best potencyprofile against both wild-type and mutant forms of the HIV-1 virus areoften excellent candidates for drug development.

TABLE 2 EC₅₀ EC₅₀ WT A364V EC₅₀ Rat AUC Compound (μM) (μM) 92UG029 (μM)(nM*h) A 0.004 1.5 0.61 (not tested) B 0.002 1.3 0.03 6,457 2 0.002 0.210.005 7,933 2a 0.002 0.78 0.02 7,032 2b 0.003 0.17 0.001 7,394

Rat Pharmacokinetic Studies:

For the PO pharmacokinetic studies of the compounds in rats, thecompounds were each dissolved in PEG-400/ethanol (90/10) as a solution.

Rat. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (300-350 g, Hilltop Lab Animals, Inc.,Scottsdale, Pa.) with cannulas implanted in the jugular vein were used.The rats were fasted overnight in the PO pharmacokinetic studies. Bloodsamples of 0.3 mL were collected from the jugular vein inEDTA-containing microtainer tubes (Becton Dickinson, Franklin Lakes,N.J.), and centrifuged to separate plasma.

In the PO study of the tested compounds, the rats (n=3) received an oraldose of 5 mg/kg of the indicated compound. Serial blood samples werecollected before dosing and 15, 30, 45, 60, 120, 240, 360, 480, and 1440min after dosing.

Quantitation of Compounds in Plasma. Aliquots of plasma samples fromrat, studies were prepared for analysis by precipitating plasma proteinswith two volumes of acetonitrile containing an internal standard of asimilar compound. The resulting supernates were separated from theprecipitated proteins by centrifugation for 10 minutes and transferredto autosampler vials. Samples were either prepared manually, or with theuse of the Tomtec automated liquid handler. An aliquot of 5 μL wasinjected for analysis.

The HPLC system consisted of two Shimadzu LC10AD pumps (Columbia, Md.),a Shimadzu SIL-HTC autosampler (Columbia, Md.), and a Hewlett PackardSeries 1100 column compartment (Palo Alto, Calif.). The column was a YMCPro C18 (2.0×50 mm, 3 μm particles, Waters Co., Milford, Mass.),maintained at 60° C. and a flow rate of 0.3 ml/min. The mobile phaseconsisted of 10 mM ammonium formate and 0.1% formic acid in water (A)and 100% 10 mM ammonium formate and 0.1% formic acid in methanol (B).The initial mobile phase composition was 95% A. After sample injection,the mobile phase was changed to 15% A/85% B over 2 minutes and held atthat composition for an additional 1 minute. The mobile phase was thenreturned to initial conditions and the column re-equilibrated for 1minute. Total analysis time was 4 minutes.

The HPLC was interfaced to a Micromass Quattro LC. Ultra high puritynitrogen was used as the nebulizing and desolvation gas at flow rates of100 L/hr for nebulization and 1100 L/hr for desolvation. The desolvationtemperature was 300° C. and the source temperature was 150° C. Dataacquisition utilized selected reaction monitoring (SRM). Ionsrepresenting the (M+H)⁺ species for the compound and the internalstandard were selected in MS1 and collisionally dissociated with argonat a pressure of 2×10⁻³ torr to form specific product ions which weresubsequently monitored by MS2.

The foregoing description is merely illustrative and should not beunderstood to limit the scope or underlying principles of the inventionin any way. Indeed, various modifications of the invention, in additionto those shown and described herein, will become apparent to thoseskilled in the art from the following examples and the foregoingdescription. Such modifications are also intended to fall within thescope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A pharmaceutical composition which comprises thecompound

together with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers,excipients and/or diluents, and which comprises an additional AIDStreatment agent selected from the group consisting of: (a) an AIDSantiviral agent; (b) an anti-infective agent; (c) an immunomodulator;and (d) an HIV entry inhibitor.
 2. A pharmaceutical compositionaccording to claim 1 wherein said additional AIDS treatment agentdolutegravir.
 3. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 2wherein said additional AIDS treatment agent is cabotegravir.
 4. Apharmaceutical composition according to claim 2 wherein said additionalAIDS treatment agent is 3TC.
 5. A method for treating a mammal infectedwith the HIV virus comprising administering to said mammal the compound

and which comprises administration of an additional AIDS treatment agentselected from the group consisting of: (a) an AIDS antiviral agent; (b)an anti-infective agent; (c) an immunomodulator; and (d) an HIV entryinhibitor.
 6. The method of claim 4 wherein said additional AIDStreatment agent is dolutegravir.
 7. The method of claim 5 wherein saidadditional AIDS treatment agent is cabotegravir.
 8. The method of claim5 wherein said additional AIDS treatment agent is 3TC.